欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  IT编程

『爬虫』学习记录

程序员文章站 2022-04-10 20:49:51
## 在学习爬虫中遇到很多坑,写出来供道友参考。。。存坑待填 ......

## 在学习爬虫中遇到很多坑,写出来供道友参考

  • 出现诸如以下错误
    modulenotfounderror: no module named 'js2xml'
    nameerror: name 'js2xml' is not defined
  则可能是库没有导入


  • 在将 str 转换为 json
    jsondecodeerror: extra data: line 1 column 234701 (char 234700)

   则可能是 str 不符合 json 格式

  1. 可以用 start 和 end 标示开头结尾,如 str[start, end] ;

  2. 可以对 str 进行剪切,使用 strip('symbol') 方法,对首尾存在 symbol 的进行剪切

   又或者是存在多重结构,则

 

  one-liner for your problem:

  data = [json.loads(line) for line in open('tweets.json', 'r')]

 

。。。存坑

 

 

过去一段时间后,再次运行 jupyter notebook,出现错误

错误:

'jupyter' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序

原因及解决:环境变量中添加 d:\users\23525\anaconda3\scripts,里面有 jupyter_notebook.exe、pip.exe 等命令

 

然后又出现如下错误:

traceback (most recent call last):
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\scripts\jupyter-notebook-script.py", line 6, in <module>
from notebook.notebookapp import main
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\notebook\notebookapp.py", line 47, in <module>
from zmq.eventloop import ioloop
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
from zmq import backend
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
reraise(*exc_info)
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\utils\sixcerpt.py", line 34, in reraise
raise value
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
_ns = select_backend(first)
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 27, in select_backend
mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
file "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
from . import (constants, error, message, context,
importerror: dll load failed: 找不到指定的模块。

原因:问题都出现在 zmq 文件夹中,搜索答案需要重新安装 zmq

解决:

pip uninstall pyzmq 
pip install pyzmq 

 

在 install 时又出现如下错误:

pip is configured with locations that require tls/ssl, however the ssl module in python is not available. collecting pyzmq

retrying (retry(total=4, connect=none, read=none, redirect=none, status=none)) after connection broken by 'sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")': /simple/pyzmq/

retrying (retry(total=3, connect=none, read=none, redirect=none, status=none)) after connection broken by 'sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")': /simple/pyzmq/

retrying (retry(total=2, connect=none, read=none, redirect=none, status=none)) after connection broken by 'sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")': /simple/pyzmq/

retrying (retry(total=1, connect=none, read=none, redirect=none, status=none)) after connection broken by 'sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")': /simple/pyzmq/

retrying (retry(total=0, connect=none, read=none, redirect=none, status=none)) after connection broken by 'sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")': /simple/pyzmq/

could not fetch url https://pypi.org/simple/pyzmq/: there was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: httpsconnectionpool(host='pypi.org', port=443): max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pyzmq/ (caused by sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")) - skipping

could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pyzmq (from versions: ) no matching distribution found for pyzmq pip is configured with locations that require tls/ssl, however the ssl module in python is not available.

could not fetch url https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: there was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: httpsconnectionpool(host='pypi.org', port=443): max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (caused by sslerror("can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available.")) - skipping

 

原因:

我得到了相同的“ssl模块不可用”错误运行anaconda附带的原生点(目前为18.1)。在我的例子中,这是一个系统路径问题,我通过将以下目录添加到我的路径变量来解决:

%miniconda3_dir%;%miniconda3_dir%\library\mingw-w64\bin;%miniconda3_dir%\library\usr\bin;%miniconda3_dir%\library\bin;%miniconda3_dir%\scripts;%miniconda3_dir%\bin;

在哪里,%miniconda3_dir%应该用你的miniconda(或anaconda)安装路径代替。

参考:

 

其实出现一段时间不能运行的程序,重新安装是最简单的操作,但我想要真正得解决问题,让我对世界能多少掌握一点控制权。通过一步步发现问题、解决问题、总结及预防,不正是人类发展的恒在规律吗?希望人类继承和探索之路长明。