Java基础入门之网络编程教程
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2022-04-06 17:29:39
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TCP 网络编程
-- tcp 分为客户端和服务端
-- 客户端对应的对象是 Socket
-- 服务端对应的对象是 ServerSocket
-- 如果客户端先启动,则出现 connection refused 异常 //refused 拒绝
客户端创建Socket 对象时,就可以连接服务器,连接成功后,即形成通路,进行数据交换
import java.net.*;import java.io.*; //TCP客户端class TClient{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
Socket socket=new Socket("127.0.0.1",9000); //取得 Socket 中的输出流OutputStream out =socket.getOutputStream();
out.write("这是客户端向主机输出的数据".getBytes()); //取得服务端发回的数据InputStream in=socket.getInputStream();byte [] buff=new byte[1024];int len =in.read(buff);
String str=new String(buff,0,len);
System.out.println("服务端返回的数是:"+str);
out.close();
in.close();
socket.close();
}
}//TCP服务端/* 1 创建ServerSocket ,指定要监听的端口
2 通过 ServerSocket 的 accept 方法 (它是阻塞模式的) 取得连接上来的客户端对象
3 与客户端连通后,就可以得到客户端对象,并使用客户端对象读取流来取得数据
4 如果有必要,释放资源*/import java.io.*;import java.net.*;class TServer
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(9000); //指定监听的端口Socket clientSocket=serverSocket.accept(); //通过客户端的Socket对象可以取得信息String clientIp=clientSocket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();int clientPort=clientSocket.getPort();
System.out.println(clientIp+":"+clientPort +"连接成功");
InputStream in= clientSocket.getInputStream();byte[] buff=new byte[1024];int len=in.read(buff); //len 表示读了多少个字节 注意,这个read 是阻塞的
String msg=new String(buff,0,len);
System.out.println(msg); //往回发送数据OutputStream out=clientSocket.getOutputStream();
out.write("小样的客户端,你竞敢骂人?,我也能".getBytes()); */
out.close();
in.close();
serverSocket.close();
clientSocket.close();
}
}例子 从客户端向服务端发字母,变成大写后反回
/*客户端:
1 建立服务
2 获取键盘录入
3 将数入的数据发给服务端
4 接收服务端返回的大写字母
5 关闭资源
备注: 使用带缓冲的字符流进行操作 */import java.io.*;import java.net.*;class TransClient
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
Socket socket=new Socket("127.0.0.1",8000); //定义输入流,读取键盘数据BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); //定义输出流对象(用于将键盘数据写入到输出流中)BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())); //定义一个socket 读取流,读取服务器返回的大写字母BufferedReader brResult=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
String str=null;while((str=br.readLine())!=null){ //从键盘开始读取bw.write(str); //向服务端输出 bw.newLine();
bw.flush(); //千万别忘了
System.out.println("服务端返回的数据是"+brResult.readLine()); //取出变大写后的字符串 }
socket.close();
br.close();
bw.close();
brResult.close();
}
}//服务端 import java.net.*;import java.io.*;class TransServer
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(8000);
Socket clientSocket=serverSocket.accept();
//读取socket流中的数据(从客户端发过来的小写字母) BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( clientSocket.getInputStream()));
//创建输出流对象,往clientSocket 的流中写入转换后的大写字母 BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter( clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
String str=null; while((str=br.readLine())!=null) //注意 readLine 的特性,它是要一直读取回车换行才返回 {
bw.write(str.toUpperCase());
bw.newLine();
bw.flush(); //千万别忘了 }
br.close();
bw.close();
clientSocket.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}例子 上传文件
//客户端 import java.io.*;import java.net.*;class UPClient
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
Socket socket=new Socket("127.0.0.1",7000);
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new FileReader("C:\\作业\\名单.txt")); //用来读文件的输入流BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())); //用来把文件往服务端传 //往scoket中一行一行的写入数据String content=null;while((content=br.readLine())!=null){
bw.write(content);
bw.newLine();
bw.flush();
}
socket.shutdownOutput(); //关闭客端的输出流同,当相于加入一个结束标记(-1),要不然服务端会不停的等 //取出服务端返回的信息BufferedReader brResult=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())) ;
System.out.println( brResult.readLine());
bw.close();
br.close();
socket.close();
}
}//服务端 import java.io.*;import java.net.*;class UPServer
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(7000);
Socket clientSocket=serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println(clientSocket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()+"已经连接..."); //打印一下客户端连上的的信息 //读取客户端发过的来的数据BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("e:/xxx.exe"));
String str=null;while((str=br.readLine())!=null){ //如果客户端不发结束标记,它就不会返回 bw.write(str);
bw.newLine();
bw.flush();
} //再向发送端返回一条提示息
BufferedWriter bwResult=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
bwResult.write("文件上传成功");
bwResult.flush();
serverSocket.close();
clientSocket.close();
bwResult.close();
bw.close();
br.close();
}例子 上传图片
客户端import java.net.*;import java.io.*;class ImgClient
{public static void main(String [] ars) throws Exception
{
Socket socket=new Socket("127.0.0.1",7000);
FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream("C:\\image\\0.jpg"); //文件输入流OutputStream out=socket.getOutputStream(); byte [] buff =new byte[1024];int len=0;while((len=fis.read(buff))!=-1){ //一边读数据,一边传数据out.write(buff,0,len); //字节流,不用flush, 和 newLine() }
socket.shutdownOutput(); //加一个结束标记,表示输入流结束 //取出服务端发过来的信息BufferedReader brResult=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
System.out.println(brResult.readLine());
socket.close();
fis.close();
}
}服务端import java.net.*;import java.io.*;class ImgServer
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(7000);
Socket clientSocket=serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println(clientSocket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()+" 已连接");
InputStream in=clientSocket.getInputStream(); //取数据用的流FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream("e:\\xxx.jpg"); byte [] buff=new byte[1024];int len=0;while((len=in.read(buff))!=-1){
fos.write(buff,0,len); //不用flush 因为是字节流 }
BufferedWriter br=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
br.write("图片上传成功");
br.flush(); //别忘了
serverSocket.close();
clientSocket.close();
br.close();
fos.close();
}
}例子 多线程并发上传图片
服务端 import java.net.*;class PICServer
{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(9000); while(true)
{
Socket clientSocket=serverSocket.accept();new Thread(new PICThread(clientSocket)).start();
}
}
}import java.io.*;import java.net.*;class PICThread implements Runnable{private Socket clientSocket;public PICThread(Socket socket)
{
clientSocket=socket;
}public void run()
{try{
String clientIp=clientSocket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream("e:\\"+clientIp);
InputStream in =clientSocket.getInputStream(); //从套接字中取出数据byte[] buff=new byte[1024];int len=0;while((len=in.read(buff))!=-1) //把数据从流中读出,写入文件 {
fos.write(buff,0,len);
}
BufferedWriter br=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
br.write("图片上传成功");
br.flush();
clientSocket.close();
fos.close();
in.close();
}catch(Exception ex){
System.out.println("出错了");
}
}
}客户端 import java.io.*;import java.net.*;class PICClient{public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception
{
String fileName=args[0];//String fileName="c:\\Image\\2.jpg";
//进行验证File file=new File(fileName);if(!(file.exists()&&file.isFile())) //验证文件是不是存在 {
System.out.println("输入的文件名错误或是个目录");return;
} if( !file.getName().endsWith(".jpg")){
System.out.println("文件类型不正确");return ;
} if( file.length() >1024*1024){
System.out.println("你想干啥,整这么大的文件上来? 不行");return;
}
Socket socket=new Socket("127.0.0.1",9000);
FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(fileName); //构建文件输入流OutputStream out=socket.getOutputStream(); //输出流byte [] buff=new byte[1024]; int len=0;while((len=fis.read(buff))!=-1) //一边读入,一边往文件中写出 {
out.write(buff,0,len);
}
socket.shutdownOutput(); //取出服务端发过来的信息BufferedReader brResult=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
System.out.println(brResult.readLine());
socket.close();
fis.close();
brResult.close();
out.close();
}
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