欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  IT编程

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式

程序员文章站 2022-04-04 21:29:13
代码示例: public interface Data { String getRequest(); } public class FutureData implements Data{ private RealData realData ; private boolean isReady = fa ......

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式

代码示例:

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式
public interface Data {

    String getRequest();

}

public class FutureData implements Data{

    private RealData realData ;
    
    private boolean isReady = false;
    
    public synchronized void setRealData(RealData realData) {
        //如果已经装载完毕了,就直接返回
        if(isReady){
            return;
        }
        //如果没装载,进行装载真实对象
        this.realData = realData;
        isReady = true;
        //进行通知
        notify();
    }
    
    @Override
    public synchronized String getRequest() {
        //如果没装载好 程序就一直处于阻塞状态
        while(!isReady){
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //装载好直接获取数据即可
        return this.realData.getRequest();
    }

}

public class RealData implements Data{

    private String result ;
    
    public RealData (String queryStr){
        System.out.println("根据" + queryStr + "进行查询,这是一个很耗时的操作..");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("操作完毕,获取结果");
        result = "查询结果";
    }
    
    @Override
    public String getRequest() {
        return result;
    }

}

public class FutureClient {

    public Data request(final String queryStr){
        //1 我想要一个代理对象(Data接口的实现类)先返回给发送请求的客户端,告诉他请求已经接收到,可以做其他的事情
        final FutureData futureData = new FutureData();
        //2 启动一个新的线程,去加载真实的数据,传递给这个代理对象
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                //3 这个新的线程可以去慢慢的加载真实对象,然后传递给代理对象
                RealData realData = new RealData(queryStr);
                futureData.setRealData(realData);
            }
        }).start();
        
        return futureData;
    }
    
}

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        
        FutureClient fc = new FutureClient();
        Data data = fc.request("请求参数");
        System.out.println("请求发送成功!");
        System.out.println("做其他的事情...");
        
        String result = data.getRequest();
        System.out.println(result);
        
    }
}
View Code

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式

具体一点,代码实现流程应该是这样的:

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式

代码示例:

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式
public class Task {

    private int id;
    private int price ;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    } 
    
}


public class Master {

    //1 有一个盛放任务的容器
    private ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Task> workQueue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Task>();
    
    //2 需要有一个盛放worker的集合
    private HashMap<String, Thread> workers = new HashMap<String, Thread>();
    
    //3 需要有一个盛放每一个worker执行任务的结果集合
    private ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> resultMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
    
    //4 构造方法
    public Master(Worker worker , int workerCount){
        worker.setWorkQueue(this.workQueue);
        worker.setResultMap(this.resultMap);
        
        for(int i = 0; i < workerCount; i ++){
            this.workers.put(Integer.toString(i), new Thread(worker));
        }
        
    }
    
    //5 需要一个提交任务的方法
    public void submit(Task task){
        this.workQueue.add(task);
    }
    
    //6 需要有一个执行的方法,启动所有的worker方法去执行任务
    public void execute(){
        for(Map.Entry<String, Thread> me : workers.entrySet()){
            me.getValue().start();
        }
    }

    //7 判断是否运行结束的方法
    public boolean isComplete() {
        for(Map.Entry<String, Thread> me : workers.entrySet()){
            if(me.getValue().getState() != Thread.State.TERMINATED){
                return false;
            }
        }        
        return true;
    }

    //8 计算结果方法
    public int getResult() {
        int priceResult = 0;
        for(Map.Entry<String, Object> me : resultMap.entrySet()){
            priceResult += (Integer)me.getValue();
        }
        return priceResult;
    }
}


public class Worker implements Runnable {

    private ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Task> workQueue;
    private ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> resultMap;
    
    public void setWorkQueue(ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Task> workQueue) {
        this.workQueue = workQueue;
    }

    public void setResultMap(ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> resultMap) {
        this.resultMap = resultMap;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            Task input = this.workQueue.poll();
            if(input == null) break;
            Object output = handle(input);
            this.resultMap.put(Integer.toString(input.getId()), output);
        }
    }

    private Object handle(Task input) {
        Object output = null;
        try {
            //处理任务的耗时。。 比如说进行操作数据库。。。
            Thread.sleep(500);
            output = input.getPrice();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return output;
    }
}


public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        Master master = new Master(new Worker(), 20);
        
        Random r = new Random();
        for(int i = 1; i <= 100; i++){
            Task t = new Task();
            t.setId(i);
            t.setPrice(r.nextInt(1000));
            master.submit(t);
        }
        master.execute();
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        
        while(true){
            if(master.isComplete()){
                long end = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
                int priceResult = master.getResult();
                System.out.println("最终结果:" + priceResult + ", 执行时间:" + end);
                break;
            }
        }
        
    }
}
View Code

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式

代码示例:

多线程的设计模式--Future模式,Master-Worker模式,生产者-消费者模式
public final class Data {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    
    public Data(String id, String name){
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "{id: " + id + ", name: " + name + "}";
    }
}

public class Consumer implements Runnable{

    private BlockingQueue<Data> queue;
    
    public Consumer(BlockingQueue queue){
        this.queue = queue;
    }
    
    //随机对象
    private static Random r = new Random(); 

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try {
                //获取数据
                Data data = this.queue.take();
                //进行数据处理。休眠0 - 1000毫秒模拟耗时
                Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(1000));
                System.out.println("当前消费线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", 消费成功,消费数据为id: " + data.getId());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}


public class Provider implements Runnable{
    
    //共享缓存区
    private BlockingQueue<Data> queue;
    //多线程间是否启动变量,有强制从主内存中刷新的功能。即时返回线程的状态
    private volatile boolean isRunning = true;
    //id生成器
    private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
    //随机对象
    private static Random r = new Random(); 
    
    public Provider(BlockingQueue queue){
        this.queue = queue;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(isRunning){
            try {
                //随机休眠0 - 1000 毫秒 表示获取数据(产生数据的耗时) 
                Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(1000));
                //获取的数据进行累计...
                int id = count.incrementAndGet();
                //比如通过一个getData方法获取了
                Data data = new Data(Integer.toString(id), "数据" + id);
                System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", 获取了数据,id为:" + id + ", 进行装载到公共缓冲区中...");
                if(!this.queue.offer(data, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)){
                    System.out.println("提交缓冲区数据失败....");
                    //do something... 比如重新提交
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    
    public void stop(){
        this.isRunning = false;
    }
    
}


public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //内存缓冲区
        BlockingQueue<Data> queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Data>(10);
        //生产者
        Provider p1 = new Provider(queue);
        
        Provider p2 = new Provider(queue);
        Provider p3 = new Provider(queue);
        //消费者
        Consumer c1 = new Consumer(queue);
        Consumer c2 = new Consumer(queue);
        Consumer c3 = new Consumer(queue);
        //创建线程池运行,这是一个缓存的线程池,可以创建无穷大的线程,没有任务的时候不创建线程。空闲线程存活时间为60s(默认值)

        ExecutorService cachePool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        cachePool.execute(p1);
        cachePool.execute(p2);
        cachePool.execute(p3);
        cachePool.execute(c1);
        cachePool.execute(c2);
        cachePool.execute(c3);

        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        p1.stop();
        p2.stop();
        p3.stop();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }        
//        cachePool.shutdown(); 
//        cachePool.shutdownNow();

    }
}
View Code