vue实现滑动堆叠组件

程序员文章站 2022-04-03 17:05:23

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这次给大家带来vue实现滑动堆叠组件，vue实现滑动堆叠组件的注意事项有哪些，下面就是实战案例，一起来看一下。

前言

嗨，说起探探想必各位程序汪都不陌生(毕竟妹子很多)，能在上面丝滑的翻牌子，探探的的堆叠滑动组件起到了关键的作用，下面就来看看如何用vue写一个探探的堆叠组件

一. 功能分析

简单归纳下里面包含的基本功能点:

图片的堆叠
图片第一张的滑动
条件成功后的滑出，条件失败后的回弹
滑出后下一张图片堆叠到顶部
体验优化
根据触摸点的不同，滑动时首图有不同角度偏移
偏移面积判定是否成功滑出

二. 具体实现

有了归纳好的功能点，我们实现组件的思路会更清晰

1. 堆叠效果

堆叠图片效果在网上有大量的实例，实现的方法大同小异，主要通过在父层设定perspective 及perspective-origin ，来实现子层的透视，子层设定好translate3d Z轴数值即可模拟出堆叠效果，具体代码如下

// 图片堆叠dom
 <!--opacity: 0 隐藏我们不想看到的stack-item层级-->
 <!--z-index: -1 调整stack-item层级"-->
<ul class="stack">
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 1;z-index: 10;"><img src="1.png" alt="01"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -60px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="2.png" alt="02"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -120px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="3.png" alt="03"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="4.png" alt="04"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="5.png" alt="05"></li>
</ul>
<style>
.stack {
 width: 100%;
 height: 100%;
 position: relative;
 perspective: 1000px; //子元素视距
 perspective-origin: 50% 150%; //子元素透视位置
 -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
 -webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 150%;
 margin: 0;
 padding: 0;
 }
 .stack-item{
 background: #fff;
 height: 100%;
 width: 100%;
 border-radius: 4px;
 text-align: center;
 overflow: hidden;
 }
 .stack-item img {
 width: 100%;
 display: block;
 pointer-events: none;
 }
</style>

上面只是一组静态代码，我们希望得到的是vue组件，所以需要先建立一个组件模板stack.vue，在模板中我们可以使用v-for，遍历出stack节点，使用:style 来修改各个item的style，代码如下

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" :style="[transform(index)]">
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
 // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  opacity: 1, // 记录opacity
  zIndex: 10, // 记录zIndex
  visible: 3 // 记录默认显示堆叠数visible
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 // 遍历样式
 transform (index) {
  if (index >= this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = this.temporaryData.visible
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style['opacity'] = '1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
   style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
   style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  } else {
   style['zIndex'] = '-1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
  }
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

关键点

:style 可以绑定对象的同时，也可以绑定数组和函数，这在遍历的时候很有用
最基本的dom结构已经构建完毕，下一步是让首张图片“动”起来

2. 图片滑动

图片滑动效果，在很多场景中都有出现，其原理无非是监听touchs事件，得到位移，再通过translate3D改变目标位移，因此我们要实现的步骤如下

对stack进行touchs事件的绑定
监听并储存手势位置变化的数值
改变首图css属性中translate3D的x，y值

#### 具体实现

在vue框架中，不建议直接操作节点，而是通过指令v-on对元素进行绑定，因此我们将绑定都写在v-for遍历里，通过index进行判断其是否是首图，再使用:style修改首页的样式，具体代码如下:

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
  :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
  @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
 // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  start: {}, // 记录起始位置
  end: {}, // 记录终点位置
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  poswidth: '', // 记录位移
  posheight: '', // 记录位移
  tracking: false // 是否在滑动，防止多次操作，影响体验
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 touchstart (e) {
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
  return
  }
  // 是否为touch
  if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
  if (e.touches.length > 1) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   return
  } else {
   // 记录起始位置
   this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
   this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  }
  // pc操作
  } else {
  this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
  this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
  this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  this.temporaryData.tracking = true
 },
 touchmove (e) {
  // 记录滑动位置
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
  if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  } else {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  // 计算滑动值
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
  }
 },
 touchend (e) {
  this.temporaryData.tracking = false
  // 滑动结束，触发判断
 },
 // 非首页样式切换
 transform (index) {
  if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = 3
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style['opacity'] = '1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
   style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
   style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  } else {
   style['zIndex'] = '-1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
  }
  return style
  }
 },
 // 首页样式切换
 transformIndex (index) {
  // 处理3D效果
  if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
  style['opacity'] = 1
  style['zIndex'] = 10
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

3. 条件成功后的滑出，条件失败后的回弹

条件的触发判断是在touchend/mouseup后进行，在这里我们先用简单的条件进行判定，同时给予首图弹出及回弹的效果，代码如下

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
  :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
  @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
  // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  start: {}, // 记录起始位置
  end: {}, // 记录终点位置
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  poswidth: '', // 记录位移
  posheight: '', // 记录位移
  tracking: false, // 是否在滑动，防止多次操作，影响体验
  animation: false, // 首图是否启用动画效果，默认为否
  opacity: 1 // 记录首图透明度
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 touchstart (e) {
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
  return
  }
  // 是否为touch
  if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
  if (e.touches.length > 1) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   return
  } else {
   // 记录起始位置
   this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
   this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  }
  // pc操作
  } else {
  this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
  this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
  this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  this.temporaryData.tracking = true
  this.temporaryData.animation = false
 },
 touchmove (e) {
  // 记录滑动位置
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
  if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  } else {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  // 计算滑动值
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
  }
 },
 touchend (e) {
  this.temporaryData.tracking = false
  this.temporaryData.animation = true
  // 滑动结束，触发判断
  // 简单判断滑动宽度超出100像素时触发滑出
  if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
  // 最终位移简单设定为x轴200像素的偏移
  let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
  this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
  // 不满足条件则滑入
  } else {
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
  this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
  }
 },
 // 非首页样式切换
 transform (index) {
  if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = 3
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style['opacity'] = '1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
   style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
   style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  } else {
   style['zIndex'] = '-1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
  }
  return style
  }
 },
 // 首页样式切换
 transformIndex (index) {
  // 处理3D效果
  if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
  style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity
  style['zIndex'] = 10
  if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
   style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
   style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  }
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

4. 滑出后下一张图片堆叠到顶部

重新堆叠是组件最后一个功能，同时也是最重要和复杂的功能。在我们的代码里，stack-item的排序依赖绑定:style的transformIndex和transform函数，函数里判定的条件是currentPage，那是不是改变currentPage，让其+1，即可完成重新堆叠呢？

答案没有那么简单，因为我们滑出是动画效果，会进行300ms的时间，而currentPage变化引起的重排，会立即变化，打断动画的进行。因此我们需要先修改transform函数的排序条件，后改变currentPage。

#### 具体实现

修改transform函数排序条件

让currentPage+
添加onTransitionEnd事件，在滑出结束后，重新放置stack列表中

代码如下：

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
  :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
  @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @webkit-transition-end="onTransitionEnd"
  @transitionend="onTransitionEnd"
  >
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
 // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  start: {}, // 记录起始位置
  end: {}, // 记录终点位置
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  poswidth: '', // 记录位移
  posheight: '', // 记录位移
  lastPosWidth: '', // 记录上次最终位移
  lastPosHeight: '', // 记录上次最终位移
  tracking: false, // 是否在滑动，防止多次操作，影响体验
  animation: false, // 首图是否启用动画效果，默认为否
  opacity: 1, // 记录首图透明度
  swipe: false // onTransition判定条件
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 touchstart (e) {
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
  return
  }
  // 是否为touch
  if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
  if (e.touches.length > 1) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   return
  } else {
   // 记录起始位置
   this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
   this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  }
  // pc操作
  } else {
  this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
  this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
  this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  this.temporaryData.tracking = true
  this.temporaryData.animation = false
 },
 touchmove (e) {
  // 记录滑动位置
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
  if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  } else {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  // 计算滑动值
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
  }
 },
 touchend (e) {
  this.temporaryData.tracking = false
  this.temporaryData.animation = true
  // 滑动结束，触发判断
  // 简单判断滑动宽度超出100像素时触发滑出
  if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
  // 最终位移简单设定为x轴200像素的偏移
  let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
  this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
  this.temporaryData.swipe = true
  // 记录最终滑动距离
  this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth
  this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = this.temporaryData.posheight
  // currentPage+1 引发排序变化
  this.basicdata.currentPage += 1
  // currentPage切换，整体dom进行变化，把第一层滑动置零
  this.$nextTick(() => {
   this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
   this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
   this.temporaryData.opacity = 1
  })
  // 不满足条件则滑入
  } else {
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
  this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
  this.temporaryData.swipe = false
  }
 },
 onTransitionEnd (index) {
  // dom发生变化后，正在执行的动画滑动序列已经变为上一层
  if (this.temporaryData.swipe && index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
  this.temporaryData.animation = true
  this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = 0
  this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = 0
  this.temporaryData.swipe = false
  }
 },
 // 非首页样式切换
 transform (index) {
  if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = 3
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style['opacity'] = '1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
   style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
   style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  } else {
   style['zIndex'] = '-1'
   style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
  }
  return style
  // 已滑动模块释放后
  } else if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
  let style = {}
  // 继续执行动画
  style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight + 'px' + ',0px)'
  style['opacity'] = '0'
  style['zIndex'] = '-1'
  style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
  style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  return style
  }
 },
 // 首页样式切换
 transformIndex (index) {
  // 处理3D效果
  if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
  style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity
  style['zIndex'] = 10
  if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
   style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
   style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
  }
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

ok~ 完成了上面的四步，堆叠组件的基本功能就已经实现，快来看看效果吧

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