欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  后端开发

php+redis消息队列实现抢购步骤详解(附代码)

程序员文章站 2022-03-28 23:49:24
...
这次给大家带来php+redis消息队列实现抢购步骤详解(附代码),php+redis消息队列实现抢购的注意事项有哪些,下面就是实战案例,一起来看一下。

实现功能:

1. 基于redis队列,防止高并发的超卖
2. 基于mysql的事务加排它锁,防止高并发的超卖

基于redis队列工作流程:

1. 管理员根据goods表中的库存,创建redis商品库存队列
2. 客户端访问秒杀API
3. web服务器先从redis的商品库存队列中查询剩余库存重点内容
4. redis队列中有剩余,则在mysql中创建订单,去库存,抢购成功
5. redis队列中没有剩余,则提示库存不足,抢购失败重点内容

基于mysql事务和排它锁工作流程:

1. 开启事务
2. 查询库存,并显示的设置写锁(排他锁):SELECT * FROM goods WHERE id = 1 FOR UPDATE
3. 生成订单
4. 去库存,隐示的设置写锁(排他锁):UPDATE goods SET counts = counts – 1 WHERE id = 1
5. commit,释放锁

注意:第二步步可以设置共享锁,不然有可能会造成死锁。

代码:

<?php
/**********************************************
* 抢购模块
*
* @author liubin
* @date 2016-02-10
*
* ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://192.168.16.73/Seckill/buy.php
*
*/
class seckill extends common
{
 private $_orderModel = null;
 private $_goodsModel = null;
 private $_redis = null;
 /*
  * 错误信息
 */
 protected $_error = '';
 /**
  * 构造器
  *
 */
 public function construct()
 {
  if($this->_orderModel === null){
   $this->_orderModel = new OrderModel();
  }
  if($this->_goodsModel === null){
   $this->_goodsModel = new GoodsModel();
  }
  if($this->_redis === null){
   $this->_redis = new QRedis(); 
  }
 }
 /*
  * 秒杀API
  * 
  * @author liubin
  * @date 2017-02-10
 */
 public function addQsec(){
  $gid = intval($_GET['gid']);
  $type = isset($_GET['type']) ? $_GET['type'] : 'mysql';
  switch ($type) {
   case 'mysql':
    $this->order_check_mysql($gid);
    echo $this->getError();
    break;
   case 'redis':
    $this->order_check_redis($gid);
    echo $this->getError();
    break;
   case 'transaction':
    $this->order_check_transaction($gid);
    echo $this->getError();
    break;
   default:
    echo '类型错误';
    break;
  }
 }
 /*
  * 获取错误信息
  * 
  * @author liubin
  * @date 2017-02-10
 */
 public function getError(){
  return $this->_error;
 }
 /*
  * 基于mysql验证库存信息
  * @desc 高并发下会导致超卖
  *
  * @author liubin
  * @date 2017-02-10
 */
 protected function order_check_mysql($gid){
  $model = $this->_goodsModel;
  $pdo = $model->getHandler();
  $gid = intval($gid);
  /*
   * 1:$sql_forlock如果不加事务,不加写锁:
   * 超卖非常严重,就不说了
   * 
   * 2:$sql_forlock如果不加事务,只加写锁:
   * 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加写锁,第一个会话$sql_forlock查询结束会释放该行锁.
   * 第二个会话在第一个会话释放后读$sql_forlock的写锁时,会再次$sql_forlock查库存
   * 导致超卖现象产生
   *
  */
  $sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update';
  //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1';
  $result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
  $goodsInfo = $result->fetch();
  if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){
   //去库存
   $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
   $sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
   $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory);
   if($result){
    //创订单
    $data    = [];
    $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
    $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
    $data['addtime'] = time();
    $data['uid']  = 1;
    $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
    if($order_rs){
     $this->_error = '购买成功';
     return true;
    }
   }
  }
  $this->_error = '库存不足';
  return false;
 }
 /*
  * 基于redis队列验证库存信息
  * @desc Redis是底层是单线程的,命令执行是原子操作,包括lpush,lpop等.高并发下不会导致超卖
  *
  * @author liubin
  * @date 2017-02-10
 */
 protected function order_check_redis($gid){
  $goodsInfo = $this->_goodsModel->getGoods($gid);
  if(!$goodsInfo){
   $this->_error = '商品不存在';
   return false;
  }
  $key = 'goods_list_'.$goodsInfo['id'];
  $count = $this->_redis->getHandel()->lpop($key);
  if(!$count){
   $this->_error = '库存不足';
   return false;
  }
  //生成订单
  $data    = [];
  $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
  $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
  $data['addtime'] = time();
  $data['uid']  = 1;
  $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
  //库存减少
  $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
  $sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
  $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql);
  $this->_error = '购买成功';
  return true;
 }
 /*
  * 基于mysql事务验证库存信息
  * @desc 事务 和 行锁 模式,高并发下不会导致超卖,但效率会慢点
  * @author liubin
  * @date 2017-02-10
  说明:
  如果$sql_forlock不加写锁,并发时,$sql_forlock查询的记录存都大于0,可以减库存操作.
  如果$sql_forlock加了写锁,并发时,$sql_forlock查询是等待第一次链接释放后查询.所以库存最多就是5
 */
 protected function order_check_transaction($gid){
  $model = $this->_goodsModel;
  $pdo = $model->getHandler();
  $gid = intval($gid);
  try{
   $pdo->beginTransaction();//开启事务处理
   /*
    * 1:$sql_forlock如果只加事务,不加写锁:
    * 开启事务
    * 因为没有加锁,读$sql_forlock后,并发时$sql_inventory之前还可以再读。
    * $sql_inventory之后和commit之前才会锁定
    * 出现超卖跟事务的一致性不冲突
    * 
    *
    * 2:$sql_forlock如果加了事务,又加读锁:
    * 开启事务
    * 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加读锁,并发时,第二个会话也允许获得$sql_forlock的读锁,
    * 但是在第一个会话执行去库存操作时(写锁),写锁便会等待第二个会话的读锁,第二个会话执行写操作时,写锁便会等待第一个会话的读锁,
    * 出现死锁
    * 3:$sql_forlock如果加了事务,又加写锁:
    * 开启事务
    * 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加写锁,直到commit才会释放写锁,并发查询不会出现超卖现象。
    *
   */
   $sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update';
   //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 LOCK IN SHARE MODE';
   //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1';
   $result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
   $goodsInfo = $result->fetch();
   if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){
    //去库存
    $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
    $sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
    $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory);
    if(!$result){
     $pdo->rollBack();
     $this->_error = '库存减少失败';
     return false;
    }
    //创订单
    $data    = [];
    $data['id']   = 'null';
    $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
    $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
    $data['uid']  = 'abc';
    $data['addtime'] = time();
    $sql = 'insert into orders (id,order_id,goods_id,uid,addtime) values ('.$data['id'].',"'.$data['order_id'].'","'.$data['goods_id'].'","'.$data['uid'].'","'.$data['addtime'].'")';   
    $result = $pdo->exec($sql);
    if(!$result){
     $pdo->rollBack();
     $this->_error = '订单创建失败';
     return false;
    }
    $pdo->commit();//提交
    $this->_error = '购买成功';
    return true;
   }else{
    $this->_error = '库存不足';
    return false;
   }
  }catch(PDOException $e){
   echo $e->getMessage();
   $pdo->rollBack();
  }
 }
 /*
  * 创建订单
  * mysql 事物处理,也可以用存储过程
  *
 */
 private function create_order($goodsInfo){
  //生成订单
  $data    = [];
  $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
  $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
  $data['addtime'] = time();
  $data['uid']  = 1;
  $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
  //库存减少
  $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
  $sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
  $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql);
  return true;
 }
}

相信看了本文案例你已经掌握了方法,更多精彩请关注其它相关文章!

推荐阅读:

php处理抢购类高并发请求实现详解

php在windows内怎么取得cpu内存实时使用率

以上就是php+redis消息队列实现抢购步骤详解(附代码)的详细内容,更多请关注其它相关文章!