WinForm中如何预览Office文件

本文为大家分享了winform预览office文档的方法，供大家参考，具体内容如下

使用winform, wpf, office组件

原理:使用office com组件将word,excel转换为xps文档, 将wpf的documentviewer控件寄宿到winform中, 实现预览.

1. 新建winform项目

2. 新建wpf用户控件, 注意是wpf控件

3. 编辑wpf用户控件

<usercontrol ...
       ...>
  <grid>
    <documentviewer x:name="documentviewer"/>
  </grid>
</usercontrol>

vs设计预览显示效果如下:

如果不需要自带的工具栏, 可以添加以下资源隐藏工具栏:

<!--隐藏documentviewer边框-->
<usercontrol.resources>
  <style x:key="{x:type documentviewer}" targettype="{x:type documentviewer}">
    <setter property="foreground" value="{dynamicresource {x:static systemcolors.windowtextbrushkey}}" />
    <setter property="background" value="{dynamicresource {x:static systemcolors.controlbrushkey}}" />
    <setter property="focusvisualstyle" value="{x:null}" />
    <setter property="template">
      <setter.value>
        <controltemplate targettype="{x:type documentviewer}">
          <border borderthickness="{templatebinding borderthickness}" borderbrush="{templatebinding borderbrush}" focusable="false">
            <grid keyboardnavigation.tabnavigation="local">
              <grid.background>
                <solidcolorbrush color="{dynamicresource controllightcolor}" />
              </grid.background>
              <grid.rowdefinitions>
                <rowdefinition height="auto" />
                <rowdefinition height="*" />
                <rowdefinition height="auto" />
              </grid.rowdefinitions>
              <scrollviewer grid.row="1" cancontentscroll="true" horizontalscrollbarvisibility="auto" x:name="part_contenthost" istabstop="true">
                <scrollviewer.background>
                  <lineargradientbrush endpoint="0.5,1" startpoint="0.5,0">
                    <gradientstop color="{dynamicresource controllightcolor}" offset="0" />
                    <gradientstop color="{dynamicresource controlmediumcolor}" offset="1" />
                  </lineargradientbrush>
                </scrollviewer.background>
              </scrollviewer>
            </grid>
          </border>
        </controltemplate>
      </setter.value>
    </setter>
  </style>
</usercontrol.resources>

4. 新建winform用户控件

在winform上添加elementhost

将wpf用户控件添加到elementhost上,设计器代码xpspreviewer.designer.cs如下

  //elementhost
  private system.windows.forms.integration.elementhost elementhost1;
  //xpspreviewer变量
  private wpf.xpspreviewer xpspreviewer1;

  private void initializecomponent()
  {
    this.elementhost1 = new system.windows.forms.integration.elementhost();
    this.xpspreviewer1 = new wpf.xpspreviewer();

    //初始化
    //其他属性初始化...
    this.elementhost1.child = this.xpspreviewer1;
    //其他属性初始化...
  }

在xpspreviewer.cs后台代码中定义方法:

  /// <summary>
  /// 加载xps文件
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="filename">xps文件名</param>
  internal void loadxps(string filename)
  {
    var xpsdocument = new xpsdocument(filename, fileaccess.read);
    this.xpspreviewer1.documentviewer.document = xpsdocument.getfixeddocumentsequence();
    xpsdocument.close();
  }

5. 将excel(word类似)转换为xps文件

通过nuget包管理控制台安装com组件:

pm> install-package microsoft.office.interop.excel

转换为xps:

  /// <summary>
  /// 将excel文件转换为xps文件
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="execelfilename">excel文件名</param>
  /// <param name="xpsfilename">转换的xps文件名</param>
  public void convertexceltoxps(string excelfilename, string xpsfilename)
  {
    if (string.isnullorwhitespace(excelfilename))
      throw new argumentnullexception(excelfilename);
    if (string.isnullorwhitespace(xpsfilename))
      throw new argumentnullexception(xpsfilename);

    var fileinfo = new fileinfo(xpsfilename);
    if (!fileinfo.directory.exists)
      fileinfo.directory.create();

    //删除已存在的文件
    if (file.exists(xpsfilename))
      file.delete(xpsfilename);

    excel.application app = new excel.application();
    app.displayalerts = false;
    excel.workbooks wbs;
    excel.workbook wb;

    wbs = app.workbooks;
    wb = wbs.add(excelfilename);
    dynamic nothing = system.reflection.missing.value;
    wb.exportasfixedformat(excel.xlfixedformattype.xltypexps, xpsfilename, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing);
    wb.close(true);
    wbs.close();
    app.quit();
    killexcelprocess(app);
  }

扩展: 每次调用excel打开文件,均会产生一个进程, 在网络上收集的释放excel进程方式均不起作用. 因此选择直接结束进程, 根据excel句柄结束进程, 而不是根据进程名称杀死全部正在运行的excel.

  [dllimport("user32.dll")]
  private static extern int getwindowthreadprocessid(intptr hwnd, out int processid);

  /// <summary>
  /// 结束excel进程
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="obj"></param>
  private void killexcelprocess(excel.application app)
  {
    if (app == null)
      return;
    try
    {
      intptr intptr = new intptr(app.hwnd);
      int id;
      getwindowthreadprocessid(intptr, out id);
      var p = process.getprocessbyid(id);
      p.kill();
    }
    catch { }
  }

现在已经可以正常的预览excel文件了. 由于excel另存为xps文件会耗费一定的时间, 因此建议在后台线程中提前异步生成, 在预览时可直接调取xps文件.

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。