selenium自动化测试简单准备

下载驱动器

http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html

下载与谷歌版本相同或最近版本。

chrome版本查看

帮助中查看

导包

from selenium import webdriver

创建浏览器对象(以chrome为例)

driverpath = r' '# 驱动器路径(chromedriver.exe)
driver = webdriver.chrome(executable_path=driverpath)

demo

import time
from selenium import webdriver

url = 'https://www.baidu.com'
driverpath = r'' # 驱动器路径
driver = webdriver.chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
driver.get(url)
driver.maximize_window() # 最大化页面
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()

基本函数

尺寸，位置

driver.minimize_window()  #最大化页面
driver.minimize_window()  #最小化页面
driver.set_window_size(200, 100)  #设置窗口大小
print('窗口尺寸:' + str(driver.get_window_size())) #窗口大小
driver.set_window_position(200, 300) # 设置窗口位置

关闭

driver.quit()
driver.close()

页面基本操作

driver.get(url) # 获取一个页面
driver.back() # 回退
driver.forward() # 前进

demo

import time
from selenium import webdriver

url1 = 'https://www.baidu.com'
url2 = 'https://www.bilibili.com'
driverpath = r'c:\users\29273\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
driver.set_window_position(200, 300)
driver.get(url1)
time.sleep(5)
driver.get(url2)
time.sleep(5)
driver.back()
time.sleep(5)
driver.close()

元素定位以及数据输入

div标签中的属性来进行定位

id,classname,name,tagname,partial link text,link text,css selector

例如下列a标签中的classname为username

driver.find_element_by_class_name("username")

driver.find_element_by_class_name("btn.btn_big.btn_error")

# 部分函数
driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd/div[1]/a')
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('body > div.wrap > div.main_wrap > div.main.cc > div.main_sidebar > div.box_wrap.user_info > dl > dd > div.name > a')
driver.find_element_by_id(value)
driver.find_element_by_name(value)
driver.find_element_by_class_name(value)
driver.find_element_by_tag_name(value)
driver.find_element_by_link_text(value)
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(value)

对数据框输入数据

driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("giao")

点击事件

driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="j_register_form"]/div/dl[5]/dd/button').click()

练习一（简单网页注册）

http://47.107.178.45/phpwind/

import time
from selenium import webdriver

url = r'http://47.107.178.45/phpwind/'
driverpath = r'c:\users\29273\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
driver.get(url)
registerbtn = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="j_login_form"]/dl/dd[2]/a')
registerbtn.click()
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("giao")
driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys("giaogiao")
driver.find_element_by_name("repassword").send_keys('giaogiao')
driver.find_element_by_name("email").send_keys('[e-mail]')
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="j_register_form"]/div/dl[5]/dd/button').click()
time.sleep(10)
driver.quit()

练习二

打开某民宿网站->输入城市->选择人数->点击查看详情

import time
from selenium import webdriver

city = input('请输入你想查询的城市：')
adult = input('请输入大人人数：')
teen = input('请输入孩子人人数：')
baby = input('请输入婴儿人数：')

url = "https://www.airbnb.cn/?logo=1"

driverpath = r'c:\users\29273\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
driver.get(url)
city_input = driver.find_element_by_id("koan-via-headercontroller__input")
city_input.send_keys(city + "\n")

time.sleep(5)

driver.find_element_by_name("query").click()
time.sleep(3)

for i in range(int(adult)):
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(
        '//*[@id="menuitemcomponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(4)
for i in range(int(teen)):
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(
        '//*[@id="menuitemcomponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(3)
for i in range(int(baby)):
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(
        '//*[@id="menuitemcomponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(5)


driver.find_element_by_class_name("_fhph4u")[0].click()
time.sleep(20)

练习三

爬取某站入站必看视频信息

import time
from selenium import webdriver

url = 'https://www.baidu.com'

driverpath = r'c:\users\29273\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\chromedriver.exe'
driver = webdriver.chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
res = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("video-card")
for i in range(len(res)):
    print('第' + str(i) + '个视频')
    print('up主：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("up-name__text").text))
    print('视频名称：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("video-name").text))
    print('视频播放量：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("play-text").text))
    print('评论数：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("like-text").text))
    print('note：' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("history-hint").text))

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