解决 TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments

解决 TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments

在定义中间件类的时候出现了这个错误
环境介绍：
python3.8+Django2.2

创建这个中间件类是为了阻止某些IP地址访问你的服务器
就把某人拉入黑名单一样

你的应用下创建 middleware.py 文件

from django.http import HttpResponse


class BlockedIPSMiddleware(object):
    """中间件类"""
    # 黑名单IP列表
    EXCLUDE_IPS = ['192.168.119.1']
    
    # 中间件函数
    def process_view(self, request, view_func, *view_args, **view_kwargs):
        """视图函数调用之前会先调用此函数"""
        # 获取对方访问服务器的IP地址
        user_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
        # 进行校验，是否在你的黑名单中
        if user_ip in BlockedIPSMiddleware.EXCLUDE_IPS:
            # 如果在你的黑名单中，给予禁止
            return HttpResponse('<h1>Forbidden</h1>')

在settings.py注册你的中间件类
纳闷 setting.py 里面怎么没有 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES
干脆直接写在MIDDLEWARE里面吧

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'booktest.middleware.BlockedIPSMiddleware',  # 注册中间件类
]

运行服务器是出现了

^C(enzo) victoire@ubuntu:~/enzo_test/test5$ python manage.py runserver 192.168.119.2:8000
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
December 29, 2020 - 10:51:44
Django version 2.2.17, using settings 'test5.settings'
Starting development server at http://192.168.119.2:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 54, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 137, in inner_run
    handler = self.get_handler(*args, **options)
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/runserver.py", line 27, in get_handler
    handler = super().get_handler(*args, **options)
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 64, in get_handler
    return get_internal_wsgi_application()
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/servers/basehttp.py", line 45, in get_internal_wsgi_application
    return import_string(app_path)
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 17, in import_string
    module = import_module(module_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 783, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/victoire/enzo_test/test5/test5/wsgi.py", line 16, in <module>
    application = get_wsgi_application()
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application
    return WSGIHandler()
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 135, in __init__
    self.load_middleware()
  File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 37, in load_middleware
    mw_instance = middleware(handler)
TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments

发现是这个错误
TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments
我也不知道没有论点是什么意思
拿这个错误去Google下
找到了如下
解决方法：

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin


class BlockedIPSMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
    
    EXCLUDE_IPS = ['192.168.119.1']

    def process_view(self, request, view_func, *view_args, **view_kwargs):
        user_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
        if user_ip in BlockedIPSMiddleware.EXCLUDE_IPS:
            return HttpResponse('<h1>Forbidden</h1>')

运行服务器 成功

^C(enzo) victoire@ubuntu:~/enzo_test/test5$ python manage.py runserver 192.168.119.2:8000
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
December 29, 2020 - 10:53:34
Django version 2.2.17, using settings 'test5.settings'
Starting development server at http://192.168.119.2:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

测试这个被禁止的ip地址下访问服务器，果然不能访问

自学django，只有网络可以帮我，网上继续查找相关信息
发现：
出现这个错误的原因是 Django2.X 版本取消了中间件类
你可以使用上述方法 继续2.X版本之前的方法使用中间件类

自己网上找资料发现：
这个的案例 在2.X以后的版本中 可以这样使用

在你的应用下创建一个 middleware.py 文件

from django.http import HttpResponse


def blocked_ips(get_response):
    def middleware(request):
        EXCLUDE_IPS = ['192.168.119.1']
        user_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
        if user_ip in EXCLUDE_IPS:
            return HttpResponse('<h1>Forbidden</h1>')
        return get_response(request)

    return middleware

在settings.py注册你的中间件方法

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'booktest.middleware.blocked_ips',  # 注册中间件
]

运行服务器，发现被禁止的IP地址，无法访问本服务器

自学之路，好难，一知半解，稀里糊涂，不知道能走多远。。。
管它能走多远，走就行了

这是我的第三篇笔记 前两篇 都是自己给自己点赞 加油????

本文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49509128/article/details/111940657