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Flask wtforms实现表单验证使用

程序员文章站 2022-03-26 07:53:16
目录wtforms安装:pip3 install wtforms使用1(简单版)：from flask import flask, render_template, request, redirect...

wtforms

安装:pip3 install wtforms

使用1(简单版)：

from flask import flask, render_template, request, redirect
from wtforms import form
from wtforms.fields import simple
from wtforms import validators
from wtforms import widgets

app = flask(__name__, template_folder='templates')

app.debug = true


class loginform(form):
    # 字段（内部包含正则表达式）
    name = simple.stringfield(
        label='用户名',
        validators=[
            validators.datarequired(message='用户名不能为空.'),
            validators.length(min=6, max=18, message='用户名长度必须大于%(min)d且小于%(max)d')
        ],
        widget=widgets.textinput(), # 页面上显示的插件
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}

    )
    # 字段（内部包含正则表达式）
    pwd = simple.passwordfield(
        label='密码',
        validators=[
            validators.datarequired(message='密码不能为空.'),
            validators.length(min=8, message='用户名长度必须大于%(min)d'),
            validators.regexp(regex="^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[$@$!%*?&])[a-za-z\d$@$!%*?&]{8,}",
                              message='密码至少8个字符，至少1个大写字母，1个小写字母，1个数字和1个特殊字符')

        ],
        widget=widgets.passwordinput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )



@app.route('/login', methods=['get', 'post'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'get':
        form = loginform()
        return render_template('login.html', form=form)
    else:
        form = loginform(formdata=request.form)
        if form.validate():
            print('用户提交数据通过格式验证，提交的值为：', form.data)
        else:
            print(form.errors)
        return render_template('login.html', form=form)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

login.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<form method="post">
    <p>{{form.name.label}} {{form.name}} {{form.name.errors[0] }}</p>

    <p>{{form.pwd.label}} {{form.pwd}} {{form.pwd.errors[0] }}</p>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

使用2(复杂版)：

from flask import flask, render_template, request, redirect
from wtforms import form
from wtforms.fields import core
from wtforms.fields import html5
from wtforms.fields import simple
from wtforms import validators
from wtforms import widgets

app = flask(__name__, template_folder='templates')
app.debug = true



class registerform(form):
    name = simple.stringfield(
        label='用户名',
        validators=[
            validators.datarequired()
        ],
        widget=widgets.textinput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'},
        default='alex'
    )

    pwd = simple.passwordfield(
        label='密码',
        validators=[
            validators.datarequired(message='密码不能为空.')
        ],
        widget=widgets.passwordinput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    pwd_confirm = simple.passwordfield(
        label='重复密码',
        validators=[
            validators.datarequired(message='重复密码不能为空.'),
            validators.equalto('pwd', message="两次密码输入不一致")  # equalto也可以做密码验证
        ],
        widget=widgets.passwordinput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    email = html5.emailfield(
        label='邮箱',
        validators=[
            validators.datarequired(message='邮箱不能为空.'),
            validators.email(message='邮箱格式错误')
        ],
        widget=widgets.textinput(input_type='email'),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    gender = core.radiofield(
        label='性别',
        choices=(
            (1, '男'),
            (2, '女'),
        ),
        coerce=int # “1” “2”
     )
    city = core.selectfield(
        label='城市',
        choices=(
            ('bj', '北京'),
            ('sh', '上海'),
        )
    )

    hobby = core.selectmultiplefield(
        label='爱好',
        choices=(
            (1, '篮球'),
            (2, '足球'),
        ),
        coerce=int
    )

    favor = core.selectmultiplefield(
        label='喜好',
        choices=(
            (1, '篮球'),
            (2, '足球'),
        ),
        widget=widgets.listwidget(prefix_label=false),
        option_widget=widgets.checkboxinput(),
        coerce=int,
        default=[1, 2]
    )

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(registerform, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.favor.choices = ((1, '篮球'), (2, '足球'), (3, '羽毛球'))

    def validate_pwd_confirm(self, field):
        """
        自定义pwd_confirm字段规则，例：与pwd字段是否一致
        :param field:
        :return:
        """
        # 最开始初始化时，self.data中已经有所有的值

        if field.data != self.data['pwd']:
            # raise validators.validationerror("密码不一致") # 继续后续验证
            raise validators.stopvalidation("密码不一致")  # 不再继续后续验证


@app.route('/register', methods=['get', 'post'])
def register():
    if request.method == 'get':
        form = registerform(data={'gender': 2,'hobby':[1,]}) # initial
        return render_template('register.html', form=form)
    else:
        form = registerform(formdata=request.form)
        if form.validate():
            print('用户提交数据通过格式验证，提交的值为：', form.data)
        else:
            print(form.errors)
        return render_template('register.html', form=form)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

register.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户注册</h1>
<form method="post" novalidate style="padding:0  50px">
    {% for field in form %}
    <p>{{field.label}}: {{field}} {{field.errors[0] }}</p>
    {% endfor %}
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

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