R语言给图形填充颜色的操作(polygon函数)
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2022-03-23 16:31:43
1. 使用polygon进行纯色填充# polygon函数介绍polygon(x, y = null, density = null, angle = 45, border = null, co...
1. 使用polygon进行纯色填充
# polygon函数介绍 polygon(x, y = null, density = null, angle = 45, border = null, col = na, lty = par("lty"), ..., filloddeven = false) 其中density为填充的阴影线的密度,angle为阴影线的斜率(角度)。值得注意的是,当你需要纯色填充时,density和angle可以忽略不写。然后border为边框的颜色。同时border也可以是逻辑。即false相当于null,true相当于为前景色。 # distance between brownian motions 布朗运动之间的距离 n <- 100 xx <- c(0:n, n:0) #生成202个元素的向量,其中前面101与后面101数字对称 yy <- c(c(0, cumsum(stats::rnorm(n))), rev(c(0, cumsum(stats::rnorm(n))))) plot (xx, yy, type = "n", xlab = "time", ylab = "distance") polygon(xx, yy, col = "gray", border = "red") title("布朗运动之间的距离")
如图 两个布朗运动间的距离用灰色填充
2. 使用polygon进行阴影线填充
# line-shaded polygons 线阴影多边形 plot(c(1, 9), 1:2, type = "n") polygon(1:9, c(2,1,2,1,na,2,1,2,1), density = c(10, 20), angle = c(-45, 45)) #density的值为两个,即不同的密度
补充:r语言世界地图转为spatialpolygons以及去除地图内国家边界
##加载包
library(maps) library(maptools) library(ggplot2) library(metr)
##提取地图并转换为spatialpolygons
loc <- maps::map('world',interior = false, plot = false, fill = true,col = 'transparent') ids <- sapply(strsplit(loc$names, ":"), function(x) x[1]) loc <- map2spatialpolygons(map = loc, ids = ids,proj4string = crs('+proj=longlat +datum=wgs84 +no_defs'))
##去除内边界
worldmap1 <- unionspatialpolygons(loc, ids = rep(1,length(loc)))
##画图
worldmap2 <- fortify(worldmap1) ggplot()+ scale_x_longitude(expand = c(0, 0), breaks = seq(-180, 180, 45))+ scale_y_latitude(expand = c(0, 0), breaks = seq(-90, 90, 30))+ geom_polygon(data = worldmap2, mapping = aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group), colour = 'gray', fill = 'gray', size = 0.5)
##结果图
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教。