使用seleniumIDE来实现自动化网页测试（mac+java/python）

简介

Selenium 是用于测试 Web 应用程序用户界面 (UI) 的常用框架。
在网上可以找到很多firefox和selenium相结合的教程，但是由于版本的配套问题，实在是费了很大精力，(并不是说在浏览器上随便一装就能行，不论是Firefox还是chrome，都会出现版本对应的问题，但是在新版firefox+新版selenium还是有问题),所以我选择了使用chrome的这条路，但是由于我用的又是mac，所以找教程真的花了不少时间，下面是我的一些经历。

首先，检查chrome的版本，我的是65，所以也要去下载对应的ChromeDriver（这个是chrome的驱动，程序通过调用这个来控制chrome）。

版本对应表：
https://blog.csdn.net/huilan_same/article/details/51896672

mac下放在usr/local/bin下 或者 在写java程序的时候按如下声明位置

System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”,”/Users/wing/Downloads/chromedriver”);

当然我不是一点点自己写的，chrome上早有人做好了录制and导出的插件，我们直接用就可以了，首先进入谷歌商店（需*）：

https://chrome.google.com/webstore/category/extensions?utm_source=chrome-ntp-icon

然后搜索seleniumIDE，第一个发绿光的katalon就是我们想要的，安装，打开之后，点击record（录制），然后进行一系列的网页操作，之后停止录制，再点play（重放），就可以重复之前的操作。

导出后的代码如下：

package hw3;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.junit.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

public class UntitledTestCase {

    private WebDriver driver;
    private String baseUrl;
    private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;
    private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/Users/wuchen/Downloads/chromedriver");
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        baseUrl = "https://www.katalon.com/";
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Test
    public void test233() throws Exception {
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        driver.quit();
        String verificationErrorString = verificationErrors.toString();
        if (!"".equals(verificationErrorString)) {
            fail(verificationErrorString);
        }
    }

    private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {
        try {
            driver.findElement(by);
            return true;
        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private boolean isAlertPresent() {
        try {
            driver.switchTo().alert();
            return true;
        } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private String closeAlertAndGetItsText() {
        try {
            Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
            String alertText = alert.getText();
            if (acceptNextAlert) {
                alert.accept();
            } else {
                alert.dismiss();
            }
            return alertText;
        } finally {
            acceptNextAlert = true;
        }
    }
}

• 实验要求：编写Selenium Java WebDriver程序，测试input.xlsx表格中的学号和网页中的git地址的对应关系是否正确。

添加了读取xlsx类的java代码：

读取类(别人写好的类，截取了读取xlsx的部分，十分感谢)：

package hw3;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class read {

    public static Object[][] getTestData(String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        File excelFile = new File(filePath);
        /*
         * 判断给定文件的类型; 1.如果是xls的问价那类型就创建XSSFWorkBook ; 2.如果是xlsx的文件类型就创建HSSFWorkBook ;
         */

        String xls = filePath.substring(filePath.indexOf('.'));
        //System.out.println("传入文件的后缀是：" + xls + " ;");
        if (xls.equals(".xls")) {

        } 
        else if (xls.equals(".xlsx")) {
            XSSFWorkbook wbxlsx = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(excelFile));
            XSSFSheet sheet = wbxlsx.getSheetAt(0);

            int rowcount = sheet.getLastRowNum() - sheet.getFirstRowNum();
            List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
            // System.out.println("---------该sheet总共有 ：" + rowcount + " ;");
            Row row;
            Cell cell;
            for (int i = 0; i < rowcount + 1; i++) {
                row = sheet.getRow(i);
                /*
                 * System.out.println("当前行是：" + (row.getRowNum() + 1) + " ;当前行的第一个单元格是：" +
                 * row.getFirstCellNum() + " ; 当前前的最后一个单元格是：" + row.getLastCellNum() + "; ");
                 */
                Object[] obj = new Object[row.getLastCellNum()];
                // System.out.println("obj 数组的长度是 ：" + obj.length + " ;");
                for (int j = 0; j < row.getLastCellNum(); j++) {
                    cell = row.getCell(j);
                    switch (cell.getCellType()) {
                    case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
                        obj[j] = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
                        /*
                         * System.out.print(cell.getRichStringCellValue(). getString());
                         * System.out.print("|");
                         */
                        break;
                    case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
                        if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
                            obj[j] = cell.getDateCellValue();
                            // System.out.print(String.valueOf(cell.getDateCellValue()));
                        } else {
                            obj[j] = cell.getNumericCellValue();
                            // System.out.print(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                        }
                        // System.out.print("|");
                        break;
                    case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
                        obj[j] = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
                        /*
                         * System.out.print(cell.getBooleanCellValue()); System.out.print("|");
                         */
                        break;
                    default:
                    }

                }
                list.add(obj);
                System.out.println();
            }
            // System.out.println("list.size()===" + list.size());
            Object[][] object = new Object[list.size()][];
            for (int i = 0; i < object.length; i++) {
                object[i] = list.get(i);
            }
            return object;
        } else {
            System.out.println("指定的文件不是excle文件！");
        }
        return null;
    }
}

package hw3;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.junit.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

public class UntitledTestCase {

    private WebDriver driver;
    private String baseUrl;
    private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;
    private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/Users/wuchen/Downloads/chromedriver");
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        baseUrl = "https://www.katalon.com/";
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Test
    public void test233() throws Exception {

        String filePathxlsx = "/Users/wuchen/Downloads/input.xlsx";
        // Object [][] objxls =DP_Demo.getTestData(filePathxls);
        Object[][] objxlsx = read.getTestData(filePathxlsx);

        for (int i = 0; i < objxlsx.length; i++) {
            //System.out.println(objxlsx[i][0] + " " + objxlsx[i][1]);

            String name = objxlsx[i][0].toString();

            BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(name);
            name = b.toPlainString();
            if(objxlsx[i][1] == null) {
                System.out.println("你啥也没写啊" + name);
                continue;
            }
            String url = objxlsx[i][1].toString();

            driver.get("https://psych.liebes.top/st");
            driver.findElement(By.id("username")).click();
            driver.findElement(By.id("username")).clear();
            driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys(name);
            driver.findElement(By.id("password")).clear();
            driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys(name.substring(name.length()-6));
            driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")).click();
            if(url.equals(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")).getText() ) ) {
                //成功
                System.out.println(name + " 's " + url+ " is ok");
            }
            else {
                System.out.println(name + " 's " + url+ " is wrong");
            }
            //assertEquals(url, driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")).getText());

        }

        /*
         * Object[] obj1 = objxlsx[0];
         * 
         * for (int i = 0; i < obj1.length; i++) { System.out.print("[" + obj1[i] +
         * "] "); }
         */





    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        driver.quit();
        String verificationErrorString = verificationErrors.toString();
        if (!"".equals(verificationErrorString)) {
            fail(verificationErrorString);
        }
    }

    private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {
        try {
            driver.findElement(by);
            return true;
        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private boolean isAlertPresent() {
        try {
            driver.switchTo().alert();
            return true;
        } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private String closeAlertAndGetItsText() {
        try {
            Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
            String alertText = alert.getText();
            if (acceptNextAlert) {
                alert.accept();
            } else {
                alert.dismiss();
            }
            return alertText;
        } finally {
            acceptNextAlert = true;
        }
    }
}

完成测试。
遇到的问题：
* 有的人的学号在input中是用科学计数法表示的，得先处理成一般数字再取。
* 有的人的input中没有填写url。。。
* 有的人填的url不对。。。

测试结果：

还是python的精简:

from openpyxl import load_workbook
from selenium import webdriver

def read_from_xlsx(path):
    workbook = load_workbook(path)
    sheets = workbook.sheetnames  # 从名称获取sheet
    booksheet = workbook[sheets[0]]
    rows = booksheet.rows
    #迭代所有的行
    line = []
    for row in rows:
        line.append( [col.value for col in row] )
    #通过坐标读取值
    #cell_11 = booksheet.cell('a1').value
    #cell_11 = booksheet.cell(row=1, column=1).value
    return line

def main():
    pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    book = read_from_xlsx("/users/wuchen/downloads/input.xlsx")
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    for row in book:
        s1,s2 = str(int(row[0])),str(row[1])
        driver.get('https://psych.liebes.top/st')
        driver.find_element_by_id("username").click()
        driver.find_element_by_id("username").clear()
        driver.find_element_by_id("username").send_keys(s1)
        driver.find_element_by_id("password").clear()
        driver.find_element_by_id("password").send_keys(s1[-6:])
        driver.find_element_by_id("submitButton").click()
        if driver.find_element_by_xpath("//p").text == s2:
            print(s1,'is ok')
        else:
            print(s1,"not ok")