在mac上使用tar.gz安装mysql

官方：

• download: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
• mysql参考文档：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/

环境：

• macos mojave 10.14.2

用户：

• 管理员用户，期间没有新建mysql用户或组

安装包：

• mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64.tar.gz

安装配置

1.解压
下载的tar.gz解压后，并移动到/usr/local/mysql，目录结构如下：

$ pwd
/usr/local
$ tree mysql -l 1
mysql
├── license
├── license.router
├── readme
├── readme.router
├── bin
├── data
├── docs
├── include
├── lib
├── man
├── run
├── share
└── support-files

实际上是按照unix目录结构的规范，建议这么做。
本人实际操作过程中，只是通过sudo ln -s ${mysql_home} /usr/local/mysql，创建了一个软链接。
解压命令：tar -xzvf ${filename}

2.修改权限：sudo chown -r usr:group /usr/local/mysql

3.初始化

$ cd /usr/local/mysql
$ bin/mysqld --initialize --user=ephemerid --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2019-01-20t05:50:19.601053z 0 [system] [my-013169] [server] /workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 1045
2019-01-20t05:50:19.603274z 0 [warning] [my-010159] [server] setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /usr/local/mysql/data/ is case insensitive
2019-01-20t05:50:21.143953z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: a_mbvrbnd0*r
2019-01-20t05:50:22.000946z 0 [system] [my-013170] [server] /workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed

ephemerid是我的用户名，改成自己的。
后面两个选项的含义，见后文my-011011。
前面提到过，本人使用了软链接，所以控制台信息中看到的mysql实际的目录。
注意这个“a temporary password is generated for root@localhost”

5.启动

$ support-files/mysql.server start
starting mysql
. success! 

6.连接及修改初始密码

$ bin/mysql -uroot -pa_mbvrbnd0*r
mysql: [warning] using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
welcome to the mysql monitor.  commands end with ; or \g.
your mysql connection id is 8
server version: 8.0.13

copyright (c) 2000, 2018, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved.

oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its
affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
error 1820 (hy000): you must reset your password using alter user statement before executing this statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'pass123456';
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
bye

!!!平常输入密码的时候不要直接添加在-p选项后面了，会被看到的，一定要注意安全!!!

第一次登陆时，会提示需要重置密码：

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'pass123456';

7.停止服务

$ support-files/mysql.server stop
shutting down mysql
.. success! 

eorror

the server quit without updating pid file

在未初始化，就启动时出现了：

$ sudo ./support-files/mysql.server start
password:
starting mysql
. error! the server quit without updating pid file (/usr/local/mysql/data/ephemerid.local.pid).

解决

初始化一下，即上文提到的mysqld --initialize

my-011011

在初始化时，没有找到有效的mysql目录以及mysql data目录。

$ sudo ./bin/mysqld --initaialize --user=ephemerid
2019-01-20t05:13:45.476844z 0 [system] [my-010116] [server] /workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 993
2019-01-20t05:13:45.480320z 0 [warning] [my-010159] [server] setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/data/ is case insensitive
2019-01-20t05:13:45.487935z 1 [error] [my-011011] [server] failed to find valid data directory.
2019-01-20t05:13:45.488090z 0 [error] [my-010020] [server] data dictionary initialization failed.
2019-01-20t05:13:45.488119z 0 [error] [my-010119] [server] aborting
2019-01-20t05:13:45.488808z 0 [system] [my-010910] [server] /workspaces/programfiles/mysql-8.0.13-macos10.14-x86_64/bin/mysqld: shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.13)  mysql community server - gpl.

解决

就是添加的两个选项，即上文提到的--basedir和--datadir
了解更多，参考：

• https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/data-directory-initialization-mysqld.html

以上。