mysql横向转纵向、纵向转横向排列的方法

初始化数据

drop table if exists `test_01`;
create table `test_01` (
 `id` int(0) not null,
 `user` varchar(255) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci null default null comment '用户',
 `km` varchar(255) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci null default null comment '科目',
 `fs` varchar(255) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci null default null comment '分数',
 `time` datetime(0) null default null comment '时间',
 primary key (`id`) using btree
) engine = innodb character set = utf8mb4 collate = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci row_format = dynamic;

insert into `test_01` values (1, '小三', '语文', '98', '2020-08-06 15:51:21');
insert into `test_01` values (2, '小三', '数学', '90', '2020-07-01 15:51:25');
insert into `test_01` values (3, '小三', '英语', '77', '2020-06-01 15:51:28');
insert into `test_01` values (4, '小二', '英语', '78', '2020-06-01 15:51:28');

一、横向转纵向排列

select 
	user,
	sum( case when km = "语文" then fs else 0 end ) "语文",
	sum( case when km = "数学" then fs else 0 end ) "数学",
	sum( case when km = "英语" then fs else 0 end ) "英语" 
from
	test_01 
group by user

二、纵向转横向排列

select km from test_01 where id = 1 
union 
select fs from test_01 where id = 1 

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