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IDEA中的HTTP Client使用教程

程序员文章站 2022-03-21 11:12:19
介绍idea restful webservices是一个类似jmeter,postman的工具。可以使用纯文本编辑。官网介绍地址:https://www.jetbrains.com/help/ide...

介绍

idea restful webservices是一个类似jmeter,postman的工具。可以使用纯文本编辑。

官网介绍地址:https://www.jetbrains.com/help/idea/restful-webservices.html

该工具是idea的一个组件,在tools->http client下;当然goland也是相同;低版本是test restful webservice,新版本的idea已经提示改功能废弃,建议使用new http client也就是我们此教程要介绍的工具;

示例:

创建demo1.http文件

get

###

点击右侧运行即可查看到结果

http请求中使用变量

要在请求中提供变量,请将其括在双花括号中,如 {{variable}} 。变量名称只能包含字母,数字,下 划线符号 _ 或连字符 - 。

预定义的动态变量

每次您运行请求时,动态变量都会生成一个值: $uuid :生成通用的唯一标识符(uuid-v4) $timestamp :生成当前的unix时间戳 $randomint :生成介于0到1000之间的随机整数。

get http://localhost/api/get?id={{$uuid}}

创建环境变量

在项目内部,创建以下文件:

  • 在rest-client.env.json(或http-client.env.json)是包含常见的变量,其目的是要与你的项目一起 分发的常规文件。
  • 在rest-client.private.env.json(或http-client.private.env.json)是一个 私人 的文件可能包括密 码,令牌,证书和其他敏感信息。默认情况下,此文件被添加到vcs忽略文件列表中。在httpclient.private.env.json文件中指定的变量的值将覆盖环境文件中的值。
{
 "dev": {
 "host": "http://127.0.0.1:80",
 "name": "zhangsan"
 },
 "prod": {
 "host": "http://127.0.0.1:80",
 "name":"lisi"
 }
}

调用示例

get http://{{host}}/api/get?name={{name}}

脚本设置环境变量

//设置环境变量
> {%
client.global.set("token", response.body.token);
%}

脚本检测

可以对返回值进行打印,断言;

# 登陆
post http://{{host}}/system/login
content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

username=admin&password=123456

> {%
 client.log(json.stringify(response.body));
	client.test("request executed successfully", function() {
		client.assert(response.status === 200, "response status is not 200");
	});
	client.test("response content-type is json", function() {
		var type = response.contenttype.mimetype;
		client.assert(type === "application/json", "expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'");
	});
	client.test("request code success", function() {
		client.assert(response.body.code === 0, "response code is not 0");
		client.global.set("token", response.body.data);
	});
%}

###

类型介绍

  • client

client.global

  • set(varname, varvalue) // 设置全局变量
  • get(varname) // 获取全局变量
  • isempty // 检查 global 是否为空
  • clear(varname) // 删除变量
  • clearall // 删除所有变量
  • client.test(testname, func) // 创建一个名称为 testname 的测试
  • client.assert(condition, message) // 校验条件 condition 是否成立,否则抛出异常 message
  • client.log(text) // 打印日志
  • response
  • response.body // 字符串 或 json (如果 content-type 为 application/json .)
  • response.headers

valueof(headername) // 返回第一个匹配 headername 的值,如果没有匹配的返回 null
valuesof(headername) // 返回所有匹配 headername 的值的数组,如果没有匹配的返回空数组

  • response.status // http 状态码,如: 200 / 400
  • response.contenttype

mimetype // 返回 mime 类型,如: text/plain , text/xml , application/json .
charset // 返回编码 utf-8 等

示例test.http

###
# get请求
get http://{{host}}/api/get?name={{name}}

###

# post请求
post http://{{host}}/api/post/kv
content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

name=zhangsan&age=11
###

# post请求
post http://{{host}}/api/post/json
content-type: application/json
referer: https://goframe.org/
cookie: name=zhangsan; age=11

{"name":"zhangsan","age":11}
###

test2.http

###
# 未登录
post http://{{host}}/system/user/info

> {%
 client.log(json.stringify(response.body));
	client.test("request executed successfully", function() {
		client.assert(response.status === 404, "response status is not 200");
	});
	client.test("response content-type is json", function() {
		var type = response.contenttype.mimetype;
		client.assert(type === "application/json", "expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'");
	});
	client.test("request code fail", function() {
		client.assert(response.body.code === -1, "response code is not -1");
	});
%}


###

# 登陆
post http://{{host}}/system/login
content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

username=admin&password=123456
> {%
 client.log(json.stringify(response.body));
	client.test("request executed successfully", function() {
		client.assert(response.status === 200, "response status is not 200");
	});
	client.test("response content-type is json", function() {
		var type = response.contenttype.mimetype;
		client.assert(type === "application/json", "expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'");
	});
	client.test("request code success", function() {
		client.assert(response.body.code === 0, "response code is not 0");
		client.global.set("token", response.body.data);
	});
%}

###

# 登陆后访问用户信息
post http://{{host}}/system/user/info
token: {{token}}

> {%
 client.log(json.stringify(response.body));
	client.test("request executed successfully", function() {
		client.assert(response.status === 200, "response status is not 200");
	});
	client.test("response content-type is json", function() {
		var type = response.contenttype.mimetype;
		client.assert(type === "application/json", "expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'");
	});
	client.test("request code success", function() {
		client.assert(response.body.code === 0, "response code is not 0");
	});
%}
###

# 登陆后访问用户年龄
post http://{{host}}/system/user/age
token: {{token}}

> {%
 client.log(json.stringify(response.body));
	client.test("request executed successfully", function() {
		client.assert(response.status === 200, "response status is not 200");
	});
	client.test("response content-type is json", function() {
		var type = response.contenttype.mimetype;
		client.assert(type === "application/json", "expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'");
	});
	client.test("request code success", function() {
		client.assert(response.body.code === 0, "response code is not 0");
	});
%}
###

http-client.env.json

{
 "dev": {
 "host": "http://127.0.0.1:80",
 "name": "zhangsan"
 },
 "prod": {
 "host": "http://127.0.0.1:80",
 "name":"lisi"
 }
}

main.go

package main

import (
	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/guuid"
)

var token string

func main() {
	s := g.server()
	group := s.group("/api")
	// 默认路径
	// get带参数
	group.get("/get", func(r *ghttp.request) {
		r.response.writeln("hello world!")
		r.response.writeln("name:", r.getstring("name"))
	})
	// post kv
	group.post("/post/kv", func(r *ghttp.request) {
		r.response.writeln("func:test")
		r.response.writeln("name:", r.getstring("name"))
		r.response.writeln("age:", r.getint("age"))
	})
	// post json
	group.post("/post/json", func(r *ghttp.request) {
		r.response.writeln("func:test2")
		r.response.writeln("name:", r.getstring("name"))
		r.response.writeln("age:", r.getstring("age"))

		h := r.header
		r.response.writeln("referer:", h.get("referer"))
		r.response.writeln("cookie:", h.get("cookie"))
		r.response.writeln(r.cookie.map())
	})

	// 模拟登陆
	system := s.group("/system")
	// 登陆接口
	system.post("/login", func(r *ghttp.request) {
		if "admin" == r.getstring("username") &&
			"123456" == r.getstring("password") {
			token = guuid.new().string()
			r.response.writejson(g.map{
				"code": 0,
				"data": token,
			})
			r.exit()
		}
		r.response.writejson(g.map{
			"code": -1,
			"data": "",
		})
	})
	// 获取用户信息
	system.post("/user/info", func(r *ghttp.request) {
		if token != r.header.get("token") || token == "" {
			r.response.writejson(g.map{
				"code": -1,
				"data": "",
			})
			r.exit()
		}

		// 返回用户信息
		r.response.writejson(g.map{
			"code": 0,
			"data": "zhangsan",
		})
	})
	// 获取用户年龄
	system.post("/user/age", func(r *ghttp.request) {
		if token != r.header.get("token") || token == "" {
			r.response.writejson(g.map{
				"code": -1,
				"data": "",
			})
			r.exit()
		}

		// 返回用户信息
		r.response.writejson(g.map{
			"code": 0,
			"data": 11,
		})
	})

	s.setport(80)
	s.run()
}

代码地址

github:

gitee:

教程视频

bilibili教程地址:https://www.bilibili.com/video/bv12v411f7ab/

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相关标签: IDEA HTTP Client