file_get_contents抓取网页乱码的解决
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2024-04-03 15:27:04
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有时候用 file_get_contents() 函数抓取网页会发生乱码现象。有两个原因会导致乱码,一个是编码问题,一个是目标页面开了Gzip。
编码问题好办,把抓取到的内容转下编码即可($content=iconv("GBK", "UTF-8//IGNORE", $content);),我们这里讨论的是如何抓取开了Gzip的页面。怎么判断呢?获取的头部当中有Content-Encoding: gzip说明内容是GZIP压缩的。用FireBug看一下就知道页面开了gzip没有。下面是用firebug查看我的博客的头信息,Gzip是开了的。
请求头信息原始头信息 Accept text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Encoding gzip, deflate Accept-Language zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 Connection keep-alive Cookie __utma=225240837.787252530.1317310581.1335406161.1335411401.1537; __utmz=225240837.1326850415.887.3.utmcsr=google|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic|utmctr=%E4%BB%BB%E4%BD%95%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E9%83%BD%E4%B8%8D%E4%BC%9A%E9%82%A3%E4%B9%88%E7%AE%80%E5%8D%95%20site%3Awww.bkjia.com; PHPSESSID=888mj4425p8s0m7s0frre3ovc7; __utmc=225240837; __utmb=225240837.1.10.1335411401 Host www.bkjia.com User-Agent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:12.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/12.0
下面介绍一些解决方案:
1. 使用自带的zlib库
如果服务器已经装了zlib库,用下面的代码可以轻易解决乱码问题。
$data = file_get_contents("compress.zlib://".$url);
2. 使用CURL代替file_get_contents
function curl_get($url, $gzip=false){ $curl = curl_init($url); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 10); if($gzip) curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "gzip"); // 关键在这里 $content = curl_exec($curl); curl_close($curl); return $content; }
3. 使用gzip解压函数
function gzdecode($data) { $len = strlen($data); if ($len 0) { switch ($method) { case 8: // Currently the only supported compression method: $data = gzinflate($body); break; default: // Unknown compression method return false; } } else { // I'm not sure if zero-byte body content is allowed. // Allow it for now... Do nothing... } // Verifiy decompressed size and CRC32: // NOTE: This may fail with large data sizes depending on how // PHP's integer limitations affect strlen() since $isize // may be negative for large sizes. if ($isize != strlen($data) || crc32($data) != $datacrc) { // Bad format! Length or CRC doesn't match! return false; } return $data; }
使用:
$html=file_get_contents('http://www.bkjia.com/librarys/veda/'); $html=gzdecode($html);
就介绍这三个方法,应该能解决大部分gzip引起的抓取乱码问题了。