VMware12全新安装CentOS-6.9模板机（已优化）
1.从安装系统开始准备
安装中添加网卡
eth0
ip 10.0.0.210
netmask 24
gateway 10.0.0.254
DNS servers 223.5.5.5
eth1
ip 172.16.1.210
netmask 24
2.统一网络环境
网关都是10.0.0.254
VMware里-编辑-虚拟网络编辑器-NAT设置-网关IP-10.0.0.254
控制面板\网络和 Internet\网络连接-VMnet8-10.0.253
2.5服务器ip地址规划
服务器说明 外网IP（NAT） 内网IP（LAN区段/Host-only） 主机名规划
A1-nginx负载服务器01 10.0.0.5/24 172.16.1.5/24 lb01
A1-nginx负载服务器02 10.0.0.6/24 172.16.1.6/24 lb02
B1-nginx web服务器 10.0.0.7/24 172.16.1.7/24 web02
B2-nginx web服务器 10.0.0.8/24 172.16.1.8/24 web01
C3-mysql数据库服务器 10.0.0.51/24 172.16.1.51/24 db01
C1-NFS存储服务器 10.0.0.31/24 172.16.1.31/24 nfs01
C2-rsync存储服务器 10.0.0.41/24 172.16.1.41/24 /
X-管理服务器 10.0.0.61/24 172.16.1.61/24 m01
3.系统优化
#所有服务器模板机的基本优化
\cp /etc/hosts{,.bak}
cat >/etc/hosts<<EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.16.1.5 lb01
172.16.1.6 lb02
172.16.1.7 web02
172.16.1.8 web01
172.16.1.51 db01 db01.etiantian.org
172.16.1.31 nfs01
172.16.1.41 backup
172.16.1.61 m01
EOF
#0、更改yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo.backup
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
#yum makecache
#1、关闭selinuxsed -i.bak 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
grep SELINUX=disabled /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
getenforce
#2、关闭iptables
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off
#3、精简开机自启动服务
export LANG=en
chkconfig|egrep -v "crond|sshd|network|rsyslog|sysstat"|awk '{print
"chkconfig",$1,"off"}'|bash
chkconfig --list|grep 3:on
#4、提权oldboy可以sudo
useradd oldboy
echo 123456|passwd --stdin oldboy
\cp /etc/sudoers /etc/sudoers.ori
echo "oldboy ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL " >>/etc/sudoers
visudo -c
#5、英文字符集
cp /etc/sysconfig/i18n /etc/sysconfig/i18n.ori
echo 'LANG="en_US.UTF-8"' >/etc/sysconfig/i18n
source /etc/sysconfig/i18n
echo $LANG
#6、时间同步
echo '#time sync by lidao at 2017-03-08' >>/var/spool/cron/root
echo '*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com >/dev/null 2>&1' >>/var/spool/cron/root
crontab -l
#8、加大文件描述
echo '* - nofile 65535 ' >>/etc/security/limits.conf
tail -1 /etc/security/limits.conf
#9、内核优化
cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 4000 65000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.route.gc_timeout = 100
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
net.core.somaxconn = 16384
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 16384
#以下参数是对iptables防火墙的优化，防火墙不开会提示，可以忽略不理。
net.nf_conntrack_max = 25000000
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 25000000
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 180
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_time_wait = 120
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_close_wait = 60
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_fin_wait = 120
EOF
sysctl -p
#10、安装其他小软件
yum install lrzsz nmap tree dos2unix nc telnet sl -y
#11、 ssh连接速度慢优化
sed -i.bak 's@#UseDNS yes@UseDNS no@g;s@^GSSAPIAuthentication no@g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/init.d/sshd reload
4.学会克隆虚拟机
****克隆前准备
1清2删
1清
>/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
2删
sed -ri '/UUID|HWADDR/d' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth*
VMware克隆
虚拟机-管理-克隆-虚拟机中的当前状态-创建链接克隆-更改“虚拟机名”、“位置”-完成
*****克隆后的主机，修改ip地址、主机名、重启网络
sed -i '/IPADDR/s#210$#41#g' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth* #修改ip地址
sed -i "s#$(hostname)#backup#g" /etc/sysconfig/network #修改主机名
hostname backup #修改主机名
/etc/init.d/network restart #重启网络