树莓派动作捕捉抓拍存储图像脚本

本文实例为大家分享了树莓派动作捕捉抓拍存储图像的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

#!/usr/bin/python

# original script by brainflakes, improved by pageauc, peewee2 and kesthal
# www.raspberrypi.org/phpbb3/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=45235

# you need to install pil to run this script
# type "sudo apt-get install python-imaging-tk" in an terminal window to do this

import stringio
import subprocess
import os
import time
from datetime import datetime
from pil import image

# motion detection settings:
# threshold     - how much a pixel has to change by to be marked as "changed"
# sensitivity    - how many changed pixels before capturing an image, needs to be higher if noisy view
# forcecapture    - whether to force an image to be captured every forcecapturetime seconds, values true or false
# filepath      - location of folder to save photos
# filenameprefix   - string that prefixes the file name for easier identification of files.
# diskspacetoreserve - delete oldest images to avoid filling disk. how much byte to keep free on disk.
# camerasettings   - "" = no extra settings; "-hf" = set horizontal flip of image; "-vf" = set vertical flip; "-hf -vf" = both horizontal and vertical flip
threshold = 10
sensitivity = 20
forcecapture = true
forcecapturetime = 60 * 60 # once an hour
filepath = "/home/pi/picam"
filenameprefix = "capture"
diskspacetoreserve = 40 * 1024 * 1024 # keep 40 mb free on disk
camerasettings = ""

# settings of the photos to save
savewidth  = 1296
saveheight = 972
savequality = 15 # set jpeg quality (0 to 100)

# test-image settings
testwidth = 100
testheight = 75

# this is the default setting, if the whole image should be scanned for changed pixel
testareacount = 1
testborders = [ [[1,testwidth],[1,testheight]] ] # [ [[start pixel on left side,end pixel on right side],[start pixel on top side,stop pixel on bottom side]] ]
# testborders are not zero-based, the first pixel is 1 and the last pixel is testwith or testheight

# with "testborders", you can define areas, where the script should scan for changed pixel
# for example, if your picture looks like this:
#
#   ....xxxx
#   ........
#   ........
#
# "." is a street or a house, "x" are trees which move arround like crazy when the wind is blowing
# because of the wind in the trees, there will be taken photos all the time. to prevent this, your setting might look like this:

# testareacount = 2
# testborders = [ [[1,50],[1,75]], [[51,100],[26,75]] ] # area y=1 to 25 not scanned in x=51 to 100

# even more complex example
# testareacount = 4
# testborders = [ [[1,39],[1,75]], [[40,67],[43,75]], [[68,85],[48,75]], [[86,100],[41,75]] ]

# in debug mode, a file debug.bmp is written to disk with marked changed pixel an with marked border of scan-area
# debug mode should only be turned on while testing the parameters above
debugmode = false # false or true

# capture a small test image (for motion detection)
def capturetestimage(settings, width, height):
  command = "raspistill %s -w %s -h %s -t 200 -e bmp -n -o -" % (settings, width, height)
  imagedata = stringio.stringio()
  imagedata.write(subprocess.check_output(command, shell=true))
  imagedata.seek(0)
  im = image.open(imagedata)
  buffer = im.load()
  imagedata.close()
  return im, buffer

# save a full size image to disk
def saveimage(settings, width, height, quality, diskspacetoreserve):
  keepdiskspacefree(diskspacetoreserve)
  time = datetime.now()
  filename = filepath + "/" + filenameprefix + "-%04d%02d%02d-%02d%02d%02d.jpg" % (time.year, time.month, time.day, time.hour, time.minute, time.second)
  subprocess.call("raspistill %s -w %s -h %s -t 200 -e jpg -q %s -n -o %s" % (settings, width, height, quality, filename), shell=true)
  print "captured %s" % filename

# keep free space above given level
def keepdiskspacefree(bytestoreserve):
  if (getfreespace() < bytestoreserve):
    for filename in sorted(os.listdir(filepath + "/")):
      if filename.startswith(filenameprefix) and filename.endswith(".jpg"):
        os.remove(filepath + "/" + filename)
        print "deleted %s/%s to avoid filling disk" % (filepath,filename)
        if (getfreespace() > bytestoreserve):
          return

# get available disk space
def getfreespace():
  st = os.statvfs(filepath + "/")
  du = st.f_bavail * st.f_frsize
  return du

# get first image
image1, buffer1 = capturetestimage(camerasettings, testwidth, testheight)

# reset last capture time
lastcapture = time.time()

while (true):

  # get comparison image
  image2, buffer2 = capturetestimage(camerasettings, testwidth, testheight)

  # count changed pixels
  changedpixels = 0
  takepicture = false

  if (debugmode): # in debug mode, save a bitmap-file with marked changed pixels and with visible testarea-borders
    debugimage = image.new("rgb",(testwidth, testheight))
    debugim = debugimage.load()

  for z in xrange(0, testareacount): # = xrange(0,1) with default-values = z will only have the value of 0 = only one scan-area = whole picture
    for x in xrange(testborders[z][0][0]-1, testborders[z][0][1]): # = xrange(0,100) with default-values
      for y in xrange(testborders[z][1][0]-1, testborders[z][1][1]):  # = xrange(0,75) with default-values; testborders are not zero-based, buffer1[x,y] are zero-based (0,0 is top left of image, testwidth-1,testheight-1 is botton right)
        if (debugmode):
          debugim[x,y] = buffer2[x,y]
          if ((x == testborders[z][0][0]-1) or (x == testborders[z][0][1]-1) or (y == testborders[z][1][0]-1) or (y == testborders[z][1][1]-1)):
            # print "border %s %s" % (x,y)
            debugim[x,y] = (0, 0, 255) # in debug mode, mark all border pixel to blue
        # just check green channel as it's the highest quality channel
        pixdiff = abs(buffer1[x,y][1] - buffer2[x,y][1])
        if pixdiff > threshold:
          changedpixels += 1
          if (debugmode):
            debugim[x,y] = (0, 255, 0) # in debug mode, mark all changed pixel to green
        # save an image if pixels changed
        if (changedpixels > sensitivity):
          takepicture = true # will shoot the photo later
        if ((debugmode == false) and (changedpixels > sensitivity)):
          break # break the y loop
      if ((debugmode == false) and (changedpixels > sensitivity)):
        break # break the x loop
    if ((debugmode == false) and (changedpixels > sensitivity)):
      break # break the z loop

  if (debugmode):
    debugimage.save(filepath + "/debug.bmp") # save debug image as bmp
    print "debug.bmp saved, %s changed pixel" % changedpixels
  # else:
  #   print "%s changed pixel" % changedpixels

  # check force capture
  if forcecapture:
    if time.time() - lastcapture > forcecapturetime:
      takepicture = true

  if takepicture:
    lastcapture = time.time()
    saveimage(camerasettings, savewidth, saveheight, savequality, diskspacetoreserve)

  # swap comparison buffers
  image1 = image2
  buffer1 = buffer2

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。