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VsCode如何创建自定义用户片段

程序员文章站 2024-03-23 20:18:34
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自定义代码片段

把重复利用的代码模板定义成自己的代码片段,提高编码效率和减少不必要的错误产生

  1. 设置

打开VS code,“文件-首选项-用户代码片段”(file-preference-User Snippets)
在下拉列表中选择html文件,此时在VS code的应用数据文件夹内自动新建了一个名为html.json的文件,我们在这个json文件中定义我们的代码片段
我们需要首先定义snippet name,在snippet name中,prefix和body是必不可少的两个字段(The prefix is what is used to trigger the snippet and the body will be expanded and inserted.)

我们定义一个html框架,命名为 demohtml

"demohtml": {
	"scope": "html",
    "prefix": "demohtml",
    "body": [
        "<!DOCTYPE html>",
        "<html lang=\"en\">",
        "<head>",
        "\t<meta charset=\"UTF-8\">",
        "\t<title>${1:Title}</title>${2}",
        "</head>",
        "<body>",
        "\t${3}",
    "</body>",
    "</html>",
    "${0}"
    ],
    "description": "create a html frame"
}
{
	// Place your 全局 snippets here. Each snippet is defined under a snippet name and has a scope, prefix, body and 
	// description. Add comma separated ids of the languages where the snippet is applicable in the scope field. If scope 
	// is left empty or omitted, the snippet gets applied to all languages. The prefix is what is 
	// used to trigger the snippet and the body will be expanded and inserted. Possible variables are: 
	// $1, $2 for tab stops, $0 for the final cursor position, and ${1:label}, ${2:another} for placeholders. 
	// Placeholders with the same ids are connected.
	// Example:
	"Print to console": {
		"scope": "html",
		"prefix": "demohtml",
		"body": [
        "<!DOCTYPE html>",
        "<html lang=\"en\">",
        "<head>",
        "\t<meta charset=\"UTF-8\">",
        "\t<title>${1:Title}</title>${2}",
        "</head>",
        "<body>",
        "\t${3}",
		"</body>",
		"</html>",
		"${0}"
		],
		"description": "自定义的html"
	}
}

保存,新建一个html文件,输入demohtml,按下Tab键,就可以自动补齐整个框架
VsCode如何创建自定义用户片段

语法:

在body中,使用转义字符\来书写制表符Tab、双引号"等内容;
使用${num: default name}来定义输入位置,按下Tab键来递进光标到下一个;
num的值为0,1,2,3…。0为光标的最终位置,1,2,3…决定了光标的顺序位置;
default name是默认值,可按下Tab不编辑直接跳过。

全局和特定代码片段

代码片段分为两种:全局和特定,这意味着我们可以定义适用于多种文件类型的代码片段,也可以定义仅仅针对于一种文件类型的代码片段。

全局代码片段的文件后缀名为.code-snippets,在用户代码片段下拉列表中,最上方有一个“新建全局代码片段文件”。

全局代码片段的语法规则和特定代码片段的语法规则一致,唯一区别在于其增加了一个字段scope,用于指定该规则适用于何种语言:

{
    "For_Loop": {
        "prefix": "for",
        "scope": "javascript,typescript",
        "body": [
          "for (const ${2:element} of ${1:array}) {",
          "\t$0",
          "}"
        ],
        "description": "For Loop"
    },
}

自定义引用css和JavaScript的标签的代码片段

"link template": {
    "prefix": "<link rel...",
    "body": [
        "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"${1:text/css}\" href=\"${2}\">${0}"
    ],
    "description": "complete css link"
},
"script template": {
    "prefix": "<script type...",
    "body": [
        "<script type=\"${1:text/javascript}\" src=\"${2}\"></script>${0}"
    ],
    "description": "complete script quote"
}