java中生成图形验证码

程序员文章站 2024-03-23 10:13:58

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java中生成图形验证码
点击图形验证码可以刷新验证码

1、首先创建一个生成验证码的工具类：RandomValidateCode

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**
 * 生成验证码
 */
public class RandomValidateCode {
	public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "randomcode_key";//放到session中的key
    private Random random = new Random();
    private String randString = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生的字符串
    
    private int width = 80;//图片宽
    private int height = 26;//图片高
    private int lineSize = 100;//干扰线数量
    private int stringNum = 4;//随机产生字符数量
    
    /**
     * 生成随机图片
     */
    public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
        //产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman",Font.ROMAN_BASELINE,18));
        g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
        //绘制干扰线
        for(int i=0;i<=lineSize;i++){
            drowLine(g);
        }
        //绘制随机字符
        String randomString = "";
        for(int i=1;i<=stringNum;i++){
            randomString=drowString(g,randomString,i);
        }
        session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY);
        session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString);
        g.dispose();
        try {
        	//将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
            ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /*
     * 获得字体
     */
    private Font getFont(){
        return new Font("Fixedsys",Font.CENTER_BASELINE,18);
    }
    /*
     * 获得颜色
     */
    private Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc){
        if(fc > 255)
            fc = 255;
        if(bc > 255)
            bc = 255;
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-16);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-14);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-18);
        return new Color(r,g,b);
    }
    
    /*
     * 绘制字符串
     */
    private String drowString(Graphics g,String randomString,int i){
        g.setFont(getFont());
        g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101),random.nextInt(111),random.nextInt(121)));
        String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString.length())));
        randomString +=rand;
        g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
        g.drawString(rand, 13*i, 16);
        return randomString;
    }
    /*
     * 绘制干扰线
     */
    private void drowLine(Graphics g){
        int x = random.nextInt(width);
        int y = random.nextInt(height);
        int xl = random.nextInt(13);
        int yl = random.nextInt(15);
        g.drawLine(x, y, x+xl, y+yl);
    }
    /*
     * 获取随机的字符
     */
    public String getRandomString(int num){
        return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
    }
}

html和css代码：

<html>
  <head>
    <title>登录</title>
	<meta name="decorator" content="default"/>
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
	<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
	<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
	<style>
		*{
			margin: 0 auto;
		}
		body{
			background-color: #343a40;
		}
		.container{
			position: relative;
			top: 100px;
		}
		.news-nav{
			clear: both;
			height: 80px;
			margin-left: 10px;
			margin-right: 10px;
			width: 300px;
			margin: 0 auto;
		}
		.news-nav li{
			float: left;
			list-style-type: none;
			margin: 0 10px;
			font-size: 30px;
			display: block;
			width: 86px;
			height: 79px;
			text-align: center;
			line-height: 79px;
			font-weight: bold;
			color: #007bff;
			cursor: pointer;
		}
		.modal-dialog{
			max-width: 100% !important;
		}
		.modal-content{
			background:rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
			width: 700px;
		}
		.loginForm{
			width: 400px;
		}
		.loginForm .form-group{
			margin: 30px 0;
		}
		.loginForm .form-group .form-control{
			height: 40px;
			font-size: 15px;
		}
		input[type="checkbox"]{
			position:relative;
			top:-2px;
			vertical-align: middle;
			cursor: pointer;
			zoom:1.6;
		}
		.btn-primary{
			background-color: #3e4963; 
			border: 0px solid transparent;
			width: 400px;
			height: 50px;
			font-size: 24px;
			font-family: STKaiti;
		}
		label{
			color: #fff;
			font-size: 16px;
		}
	</style>
  </head>
  <body>
	<div class="container">
		<div class="modal-dialog" id="login_form">
			<div class="modal-content">
				<div class="modal-title">
					 <ul class="news-nav js-nav-title">
						<li class="on" data="login">登录</li>
					 </ul>
				</div>
				<div class="modal-body index-news-list" id="index-news-list-1">
					<form class="loginForm" id="loginForm" action="" method="post">
						  <div class="form-group">
							  <input class="form-control required" name="name" id="name" type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名或邮箱">
						  </div>
						  <div class="form-group">
							  <input class="form-control required" name="password" id="password" type="password" placeholder="请输入密码">
						  </div>
						  <div class="form-group">
							<div class="row">
								<div class="col-sm-8">
									<input class="form-control required" name="vcode" id="vcode" type="text" placeholder="请输入验证码">
								</div>
								<div class="col-sm-4">
									<img src="/sys/user/getVcode" id="imgVerify" height="40" class="passcode" style="margin-left: -10px;cursor:pointer;">
								</div>
							</div>
			              </div>
						  <div class="form-group">
							  <label for="remember">
								<input type="checkbox" name="remember" id="remember" value="0"/> 记住我
							  </label>
						  </div>
						  <div class="form-group">
							  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">登录</button>
						  </div>
					 </form>
				</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
	<script>
		//单击验证码图片时，刷新验证码
		$("#imgVerify").click(function() {
			$(this).attr("src","/sys/user/getVcode?"+Math.random());
		});
	</script>
  </body>
</html>

controller层代码：

@RequestMapping(value = "/sys/user")
public class UserController {
	/**
	 * 获取生成验证码显示到界面上
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = {"getVcode"})
	public void getVcode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {
		//设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        
        //设置响应头信息，告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
        response.setHeader("pragma", "no-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
        RandomValidateCode randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCode();
        try {
            randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);//输出图片方法
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
	}
}

RandomValidateCode类可直接复制使用，html和controller中的代码将地址改成自己的就行

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