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jWebSocket使用指南

程序员文章站 2024-03-22 12:47:22
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1、先讲讲HTML5的WebSocket

 

HTML5规范中提供了WebSocket技术,替代了之前的ajax实现消息通信的方法。

WebSocket协议,简称WSWSS-Secure),可以支持客户端-服务端任意消息推送,支持跨域(AJAX跨域会有问题),可降低系统开销及复杂性。网上已经有很多关于WebSocket的介绍,这里不再重复。

以下是WebSocketAPI的使用说明

 

a、 检测浏览器是否支持WebSocket

 

function checkWS() {   
              if (window.WebSocket) {   
                     alert( "HTML5 WebSocket is supported in your browser.");   
           } else {   
                     alert("HTML5 WebSocket is not supported in your browser.");   
              }   
       }

 

 

支持的浏览器有Firefox 4Chrome 4Opera 10.70以及Safari 5,不支持的浏览器可以是用Socket.IO技术

b、WebSocket API用法

 

// 创建一个Socket实例
var socket = new WebSocket(‘ws://localhost:8080′); 
// 打开Socket
socket.onopen = function(event) {
// 发送一个初始化消息
socket.send(‘I am the client and I\’m listening!’);
// 监听消息
socket.onmessage = function(event) {
    console.log(‘Client received a message’,event);
};
// 监听Socket的关闭
socket.onclose = function(event) {
    console.log(‘Client notified socket has closed’,event);
};
// 关闭Socket….
//socket.close()

 

 

c、 Demo#

 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<title>WebSocket Test Page</title>
<script>
    var log = function(s) {
           if (document.readyState !== "complete") {
                  log.buffer.push(s);
           } else {
                  document.getElementById("output").innerHTML += (s + "\n");
           }
    }
    log.buffer = [];
    url = "ws://localhost:8080/echo";
    w = new WebSocket(url);
    w.onopen = function() {
           log("open");
           w.send("thank you for accepting this WebSocket request");
    }
    w.onmessage = function(e) {
           log(e.data);
    }
    w.onclose = function(e) {
           log("closed");
    }
    window.onload = function() {
           log(log.buffer.join("\n"));
           document.getElementById("sendButton").onclick = function() {
                  w.send(document.getElementById("inputMessage").value);
           }
    }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="text" id="inputMessage" value="Hello, WebSocket!">
    <button id="sendButton">Send</button>
    <pre id="output"></pre>
</body>
</html>

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. JWebSocket

http://jwebsocket.org/(最新版本v1.0 beta5

jWebSocket是个纯Java/JavaScript高速的WEB双向通信解决方案,基于HTML5

包含:

       jWebSocket Server基于纯JavaWebSocket服务,可以实现Server-to-client,和server控制的client-to-client的通信

       jWebSocket Client基于纯JavaScriptWebSocket客户端,支持多种子协议,也可以支持Javaandriod,不需要插件

       jWebSocket FlashBridge基于FlashWebSocket封装,需要flash插件

 

 

 

 

2.1. 下载安装

2.1.1 独立的server(略,很简单,执行bin/startup即可)

2.1.2.集成在tomcat中运行

1、  设置JWEBSOCKET_HOME 必须(最好重启)

2、  jWebSocketServer-Bundle-1.0.jarjWebSocketSamples-1.0.jar拷贝到tomcat6lib

3、 jWebSocketAppSrvDemo-1.0.war拷贝到tomcat6webapps

4、  启动tomcat

5、 访问http://localhost:8080/jWebSocketAppSrvDemo-1.0/

6、  使用IP地址访问

(在JWEBSOCKET_HOME/conf/jWebSocket.xml里增加<domain>http://192.168.3.50</domain>,tomcat里的conf/jWebSocket.xml修改没有效果)

 

2.2. 开发指南

2.2.1. 要求

JDK1.6+

Apache Maven 2.2

Eclipse3.5

Apache tomcat6+

 

2.2.2. Eclipse开发

下载jWebSocket源码,使用maven导入可以将代码都导入到eclipse

或者直接创建项目,把jWebSocketServerlibs导进来,自己做开发

2.2.3. JS工具包

2.2.3.1. jWebSocket.js(很庞大,涵盖了所有其他js

jws对象:

       JWS_SERVER_PORT: 8787

       JWS_SERVER_SSL_PORT: 9797

       JWS_SERVER_URL: "ws://" + ( self.location.hostname ? self.location.hostname : "127.0.0.1" ) + ":8787/jWebSocket/jWebSocket"

 

在我们的页面中引入jWebSocket.js便可以使浏览器支持WebSocket

       <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="jWebSocket.js"></script>

       <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">

             

              function checkWS() {   

                     if (window.WebSocket) {   

                            alert( "HTML5 WebSocket is supported in your browser.");   

                     } else {   

                            alert("HTML5 WebSocket is not supported in your browser.");   

                     }   

              }

              checkWS();

       </script>

Ie8也可以支持了(可以使用flashBridge来支持)

 

封装的函数:

获取dom对象:

       jws.$( "schkDebug" );//getElementById();

事件监听

       jws.events.addEventListener( eUsername[对象], "keydown"[事件], usrKeyDnLsnr[监听函数] );

定义js

jws.oop = {};

 

// implement simple class declaration to support multi-level inheritance

// and easy 'inherited' calls (super-calls) in JavaScript

jws.oop.declareClass = function( aNamespace, aClassname, aAncestor, aFields ) {

}

 

如定义一个jWebSocketBaseClient(基类)

jws.oop.declareClass( "jws", "jWebSocketBaseClient", null, {

       create();

       processOpened(event);

       processPacket

       processClosed

       open( aURL, aOptions );

       connect: ( aURL, aOptions );

       processQueue

       queuePacket: ( aPacket, aOptions )

       sendStream(data);

       abortReconnect();

       setAutoReconnect;

       setQueueItemLimit

       setQueueSizeLimit

       setReliabilityOptions

       getReliabilityOptions

       getOutQueue

       resetSendQueue

       isOpened

       getURL

       getSubProt

       forceClose

       isConnected

       close

       disconnect

       addListener

       removeListener

       addPlugIn

       setParam

       getParam

       clearParams

如定义一个jWebSocketTokenClient继承jWebSocketBaseClient

jws.oop.declareClass( "jws", "jWebSocketTokenClient", jws.jWebSocketBaseClient, {

       …//继承的方法

       getId();unique clientId

       checkCallbacks(token);

       checkConnected

       isWriteable

       checkWriteable

       checkLoggedIn

       resultToString

       tokenToStream/streamToToken

       notifyPlugInsOpened/notifyPlugInsClosed

       sendToken( aToken, aOptions )

       getLastTokenId

       getNextTokenId

       sendText: function( aTarget, aText ) {

              var lRes = this.checkLoggedIn();

              if( lRes.code == 0 ) {

                     this.sendToken({

                            ns: jws.NS_SYSTEM,

                            type: "send",

                            targetId: aTarget,

                            sourceId: this.fClientId,

                            sender: this.fUsername,

                            data: aText

                     });

              }

              return lRes;

       }

       broadcastText( aPool, aText, aOptions )

}

如定义一个jWebSocketJSONClient继承jWebSocketTokenClient

jws.oop.declareClass( "jws", "jWebSocketJSONClient", jws.jWebSocketTokenClient, {

       tokenToStream: function( aToken ) {

              aToken.utid = jws.CUR_TOKEN_ID;

              var lJSON = JSON.stringify( aToken );

             return( lJSON );

       },

       streamToToken: function( aStream ) {

              // parsing a JSON object in JavaScript couldn't be simpler...

              var lObj = JSON.parse( aStream );

              return lObj;

       }

 

});

使用:new jws.jWebSocketJSONClient();

 

2.2.3.2. <!--[endif]-->token

一个token对象包含1个或多个域(field)和值,使用HashMap<String(field),Object(value)>来存储。

客户端js可以任意增加token的属性(采用json的格式),如发送消息

 

 

this.sendToken({
				ns: jws.NS_SYSTEM,
				type: "send",
				targetId: aTarget,
				sourceId: this.fClientId,
				sender: this.fUsername,
                                myKey1:"myVal1",//自己增加的属性
                                myKey2:"myVal2",//后台可以直接获取到
				data: aText
			});

 

 

2.2.3.3. 其他

 

2.2.4. Demo功能(下载的demo里都有附带,以下只是一些关键说明)

2.2.4.1. 聊天chat

A、创建客户端

lWSC = new jws.jWebSocketJSONClient();

B、与服务端连接

WebSocketServerUrl

[ws://host:port/jWebSocket/jWebSocket]

var lURL = jws.getDefaultServerURL();

         àws://localhost:8787/jWebSocket/jWebSocket

WebSocketServer建立连接、接收消息、关闭连接

lWSC.isLoggedIn()//判断是否已经处于连接状态

lWSC.logon( lURL, eUsername.value, ePassword.value, {

  

   OnOpen: function( aEvent ) {

      //建立连接事件

      checkKeepAlive({ immediate: false });//是否保持连接状态,调用                 lWSC.startKeepAlive( aOptions );lWSC.stopKeepAlive()

   },

 

// 消息到达回调

Token:

   token.type[“response”/”event”/”goodBye”/”broadcast”]

   token.reqType[“login”/”getClients”]

   token.code

   token.count

   token.clients

   token.msg

   token.sender

   token.data

   OnMessage: function( aEvent, aToken ) {

      if( aToken ) {

      // is it a response from a previous request of this client?

         if( aToken.type == "response" ) {

        // figure out of which request

              if( aToken.reqType == "login" ) {

                    if( aToken.code == 0 ) {

                         // call getAuthClients method from

                         // jWebSocket System Client Plug-In

                         lWSC.getAuthClients({

                               pool: null

                            });//获取客户端

                    } else {

                       log( SYS, IN, "Error logging in '" + eUsername.value + "': " + aToken.msg );

                   }

              } else if( aToken.reqType == "getClients" ) {

                    log( SYS, IN, "Clients (" + aToken.count + "): " + aToken.clients );

              }

        // is it an event w/o a previous request ?

        } else if( aToken.type == "event" ) {

        // interpret the event name

        } else if( aToken.type == "goodBye" ) {

           log( SYS, IN, lJWSID + " says good bye (reason: " + aToken.reason + ")!" );

        // is it any token from another client

        } else if( aToken.type == "broadcast" ) {

           if( aToken.data ) {

              log( aToken.sender, IN, aToken.data );

           }

        }

      }

   },

//关闭连接事件

OnClose: function( aEvent ) {

   lWSC.stopKeepAlive();

   ...

})

//获取已经认证的客户端

var lRes = lWSC.getAuthClients({

    pool: null

});

lRes.msg

C、给服务端发送消息:

使用客户端(lWSC)的broadcastText()sendText()

function broadcast() {

                   var lMsg = eMessage.value;

                   var lTarget = eTarget.value;

                   if( lMsg.length > 0 ) {

                       log( USR, OUT, lMsg );

                       var lRes;

                       if( !lTarget || lTarget == "*") {

                            lRes = lWSC.broadcastText(

                                 "",           // broadcast to all clients (not limited to a certain pool)

                                 lMsg        // broadcast this message

                            );

                       } else {

                            lRes = lWSC.sendText(

                                 lTarget,    // broadcast to all clients (not limited to a certain pool)

                                 lMsg        // broadcast this message

                            );

                       }

                       // log error only, on success don't confuse the user

                       if( lRes.code != 0 ) {

                            log( SYS, OUT, "broadcast: " + lRes.msg );

                       }

                   }

                   …

              }

D、服务端

       自定义ServletContext监听器ServletContextListener:Servlet容器启动的时候加载监听

publicclass ContextListener implements ServletContextListener {

  

      publicvoid contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent aSCE) {

         // 启动WebSocket服务

         JWebSocketFactory.start();

 

         //获取一个tokenServer

         TokenServer lTS0 = JWebSocketFactory.getTokenServer();

         if (lTS0 != null) {

           //tokenServer增加自定义监听器(监听客户端与Server的一切交互)

           System.out.println("----------tokenServer found");

           lTS0.addListener(newMyJWebSocketTokenListenerSample());

         }else{

           System.out.println("----------tokenServer not found");

         }

 

         // assign web socket server to servlet bridge

         //ServletBridge.setServer(JWebSocketFactory.getTokenServer());

      }

 

  

      publicvoid contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent aSCE) {

         // 关闭WebSocket服务

         JWebSocketFactory.stop();

      }

}

自定义WebSocketServerToken监听器

publicclass MyJWebSocketTokenListenerSample implements WebSocketServerTokenListener {

 

    publicvoid processOpened(WebSocketServerEvent aEvent) {      

       System.out.println("login的时候会调用processOpened-------->Client '" + aEvent.getConnector() + "' connected.");

    }

 

    publicvoid processPacket(WebSocketServerEvent aEvent, WebSocketPacket aPacket) {

       System.out.println("-------->aaa@qq.com data packet '" + aPacket.getUTF8() + "'...");

      

   

       // Here you can answer an arbitrary text package...

       // this is how to easily respond to a previous client's request

       // aEvent.sendPacket(aPacket);

       // this is how to send a packet to any connector

       // aEvent.getServer().sendPacket(aEvent.getConnector(), aPacket);

    }

 

    publicvoid processToken(WebSocketServerTokenEvent aEvent, Token aToken) {

       System.out.println("-------->Client '" + aEvent.getConnector() + "' sent Token: '" + aToken.toString() + "'.");

      String lNS = aToken.getNS();

String lType = aToken.getType();

if("send".equals(lType)){

//{"ns":"org.jwebsocket.plugins.system","type":"send",

//"targetId":"01.32273.0","targetUserName":"tttt","sourceId":"01.32722.3",

//"sourceUserName":"qqqqqq","sender":"guest","data":"22222222","utid":4}

String receiver = aToken.getString("targetUserName");

String sender = aToken.getString("sourceUserName");

String data = aToken.getString("data");

System.out.println("-----------send......."+sender+"-->"+receiver+"["+data+"]");

//自己增加操作,如保存到DB等

}

       

       }

    }

 

    /**

     *

     * @param aEvent

     */

   

    publicvoid processClosed(WebSocketServerEvent aEvent) {

       System.out.println("-------->Client '" + aEvent.getConnector() + "' disconnected.");      

    }

}

web.xml中配置ServletContext监听即可

 

 

以下是我用jwebsocket在网页上实现的效果

jWebSocket使用指南

支持用户上下线通知及更新,一个webSocket连接支持多用户同时在线聊天,消息提醒等功能

 

推荐阅读

 

代码之余轻松一下:当前热门-人民的名义

 

思考与行动

JAVAEE容器如何管理EntityManager和PersistenceContext

相关标签: HTML5 WebSocket