Linux环境使用Shell脚本安装Mysql5.7

1. 前言

        之前写过使用shell脚本安装Mysql5.6版本，闲暇之余研究了下mysql5.7与5.6安装的区别，写下Mysql5.7的shell运维脚本，供大家参考。（Linux环境使用Shell脚本安装Mysql5.6:https://blog.csdn.net/u011294519/article/details/89004581）

2.Mysql5.6与5.7的安装区别

• Mysql5.7的安装是使用/bin/mysqld，Mysql5.6是使用/scripts/mysql_install_db
• Mysql5.7没有默认的配置文件my-default.cnf，Mysql5.6在/support-files目录下有my-default.cnf，可以作为my.cnf文件模板
• Mysql5.7安装完成后首次本机登录不能使用127.0.0.1，必须使用localhost，Mysql5.6则可以使用127.0.0.1

3. 准备工作

        到Mysql官网或者到华为软件仓库去下载Mysql安装包

        官网链接：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

        有32位和64位的区分 ，根据需要下载

        华为软件仓库：https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/

        我下载的版本是mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

        下载好安装包后拷贝到Linux服务器的任意位置上

        检查机器上是否安装autoconf，执行命令：rpm -qa|grep autoconf

        若无如上输出，则执行命令安装：yum -y install autoconf

4. 配置脚本

        脚本内容如下

#!/bin/bash
# Mysql安装包所在路径,需要带上包名，示例：PACKAGE_FULL_WAY=/root/mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
readonly PACKAGE_FULL_WAY=
# Mysql安装主目录,示例：INSTALL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
readonly INSTALL_HOME=
# Mysql数据库root用户密码,示例：USER_PASSWD=root
readonly USER_PASSWD=

#check user
if [[ "$UID" -ne 0 ]]; then
    echo "ERROR: the script must run as root"
    exit 3
fi

function log_info() {
    echo "[$(date -d today +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %:::z")] $1"
}

function log_error() {
    echo -e "[$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z%:z")] [ERROR] $* \n"
    exit 1

}

function check_result() {
    local ret_code=$1
    shift
    local error_msg=$*
    if [[ ${ret_code} -ne 0 ]]; then
        log_error ${error_msg}
    fi
}

# 校验参数
function check_param() {
    if [[ ! -n ${PACKAGE_FULL_WAY} ]] || [[ ! -n ${INSTALL_HOME} ]] || [[ ! -n ${USER_PASSWD} ]]; then
        log_error "Param: PACKAGE_FULL_WAY INSTALL_HOME USER_PASSWD can not be null"
    fi
    if [[ ! -f ${PACKAGE_FULL_WAY} ]]; then
        log_error "Please check the config of PACKAGE_FULL_WAY dose config Mysql package name"
    fi
}

function check_mysql_process() {
    local mysql_process_count=`ps -ef |grep ${INSTALL_HOME}|grep -vwE "grep|vi|vim|tail|cat"|wc -l`
    if [[ ${mysql_process_count} -gt 0 ]]; then
        log_error "please stop and uninstall the mysql first"
    fi
}

# 新建mysql用户
function add_user() {
    #create group mysql
    grep "^mysql" /etc/group &> /dev/null
    if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
        groupadd mysql
    fi

    #create user mysql
    id mysql &> /dev/null
    if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
        useradd -g mysql mysql
        chage -M 99999 mysql
    fi
}

# 初始化my.cnf，按需配置
function init_my_conf() {
    local host_ip=$(/sbin/ip route get 1| sed 's/^.*src \(\S*\).*$/\1/;q')
    local total_mem=`free -m |grep "Mem"|awk '{print $2}'`

    mkdir -p ${INSTALL_HOME}/log
    mkdir -p ${INSTALL_HOME}/mysqld
    touch ${INSTALL_HOME}/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    chown mysql.mysql ${INSTALL_HOME}/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    touch ${INSTALL_HOME}/log/mysql-error.log
    touch ${INSTALL_HOME}/log/mysql-slow.log
    touch ${INSTALL_HOME}/log/mysqld.log
    chown mysql.mysql -R ${INSTALL_HOME}/log

echo "[mysql]
default-character-set=UTF8
[mysqld]
socket=/opt/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0


port = 3306
basedir = ${INSTALL_HOME}
datadir = ${INSTALL_HOME}/data/mysql
pid-file = ${INSTALL_HOME}/mysql.pid
user = mysql
server-id = 1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000
#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1
relay_log_purge=0
read_only=0
slave-skip-errors=1396


lower_case_table_names = 1
character-set-server=utf8
skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking
back_log = 500
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 2000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 64M


key_buffer_size = 64M
read_buffer_size = 64M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
join_buffer_size = 16M
tmp_table_size = 96M
max_heap_table_size = 96M
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 8M
thread_cache_size = 64

log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
binlog_cache_size = 8M
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 500M
expire_logs_days = 10

log_error = ${INSTALL_HOME}/log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = ${INSTALL_HOME}/log/mysql-slow.log

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = ${total_mem}
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_home_dir = ${INSTALL_HOME}/data/mysql
innodb_log_group_home_dir = ${INSTALL_HOME}
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 20M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1


[mysqld_safe]
log-error=${INSTALL_HOME}/log/mysqld.log" >/etc/my.cnf

    chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf
}

# 安装Mysql
function install_mysql() {
    # 创建安装主目录
    mkdir -p ${INSTALL_HOME}
    # 解压mysql到安装主目录
    tar -zxvf ${PACKAGE_FULL_WAY} -C ${INSTALL_HOME} > /dev/null 2>&1
    check_result $? "unzip Mysql package error"
    local package_name=`ls ${INSTALL_HOME} |grep mysql`
    mv ${INSTALL_HOME}/${package_name}/* ${INSTALL_HOME}
    rm -rf ${INSTALL_HOME}/${package_name}
    cd ${INSTALL_HOME}

    # 新建数据库目录
    mkdir -p ${INSTALL_HOME}/data/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql ${INSTALL_HOME}

    # 安装并指定用户和data文件夹位置
    ./bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=${INSTALL_HOME} --datadir=${INSTALL_HOME}/data/mysql

    # 初始化my.cnf，按需配置
    init_my_conf

    # 复制mysql到服务自动启动里面
    cp -pf ${INSTALL_HOME}/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
    # 修改basedir和datadir
    sed -i "s#^basedir=.*#basedir=${INSTALL_HOME}#" /etc/init.d/mysqld
    sed -i "s#^datadir=.*#datadir=${INSTALL_HOME}\/data\/mysql#" /etc/init.d/mysqld
    # 加入环境变量,方便使用mysql命令,但是需要source /etc/profile
    echo "###MYSQL_PATH_ENV_S" >>/etc/profile
    echo "export PATH=${INSTALL_HOME}/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile
    echo "###MYSQL_PATH_ENV_E" >> /etc/profile
    # 启动Mysql
    start

    if [[ ! -L ${INSTALL_HOME}/mysql.sock ]]; then
        ln -s ${INSTALL_HOME}/mysql.sock /tmp
    fi
    # 修改Mysql用户root密码
    ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password ${USER_PASSWD}
    cd ${INSTALL_HOME}

# 开启远程登录权限
./bin/mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p${USER_PASSWD} << EOF
grant all privileges on *.* to [e-mail]'%' identified by 'root'; flush privileges;
EOF
    chown -R mysql:mysql ${INSTALL_HOME}
}

# 安装Mysql
function install() {
    log_info "+++++++++++ step 1 ++++++++++++++++"
    check_param
    log_info "check_param finish"

    log_info "+++++++++++ step 2 ++++++++++++++++"
    check_mysql_process
    log_info "check_mysql_process finish"

    log_info "+++++++++++ step 3 ++++++++++++++++"
    add_user
    log_info "add_user finish"

    log_info "+++++++++++ step 4 ++++++++++++++++"
    install_mysql
    log_info "install_mysql finish"
}

# 卸载Mysql
function uninstall() {
    # 如果Mysql仍启动则停止Msql
    local mysql_process_count=`ps -ef |grep ${INSTALL_HOME}|grep -vwE "grep|vi|vim|tail|cat"|wc -l`
    if [[ ${mysql_process_count} -gt 0 ]]; then
        stop
    fi

    # 删除创建的文件
    rm -rf ${INSTALL_HOME}
    rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld
    rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

    if [[ -L /tmp/mysql.sock ]]; then
        rm -rf /tmp/mysql.sock
    fi

    # 删除配置的环境变量
    sed -i '/###MYSQL_PATH_ENV_S/,/###MYSQL_PATH_ENV_E/d' /etc/profile

    #删除用户和用户组
    id mysql &> /dev/null
    if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
        userdel mysql
    fi
    log_info "uninstall Mysql success"
}

# 停止Mysql
function stop() {
    su - mysql -c "service mysqld stop"
}

# 启动Mysql
function start() {
    su - mysql -c "service mysqld start"
}

# Mysql状态检查
function check_status() {
    su - mysql -c "service mysqld status"
}

function usage() {
    echo "Usage: $PROG_NAME {start|stop|install|uninstall|check_status}"
    exit 2

}

PROG_NAME=$0
ACTION=$1

case "$ACTION" in
    start)
        start
    ;;
    stop)
        stop
    ;;
    restart)
        stop
        start
    ;;
    install)
        install
    ;;
    uninstall)
        uninstall
    ;;
    check_status)
        check_status
    ;;
    *)
        usage
    ;;
esac

        使用root用户登录Linxu服务器，在任意目录下执行命令

        vim mysql_manager.sh

        按一下insert键，复制以上的脚本内容，在机器上右键粘贴进去

        复制完成后需要修改脚本最上方的三个配置项

PACKAGE_FULL_WAY	Mysql安装包所在路径,需要带上包名 示例：PACKAGE_FULL_WAY=/root/mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
INSTALL_HOME	Mysql安装主目录 示例：INSTALL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
USER_PASSWD	Mysql数据库root用户密码 示例：USER_PASSWD=root

       修改完成后按一下Esc键，键盘输入:wq!即可

       脚本命令：

sh mysql_manager.sh install	安装并启动Mysql
sh mysql_manager.sh start	启动Mysql
sh mysql_manager.sh stop	关闭Mysql
sh mysql_manager.sh restart	重启Mysql
sh mysql_manager.sh check_status	Mysql状态检查
sh mysql_manager.sh uninstall	卸载Mysql

        如果有Shell脚本大神觉得写得不对的地方请留言指正

5.安装后校验

        使用Navicat登录

        若出现无法连接的情况需要检查是不是服务器防火墙没有放开，执行service iptables stop关闭或放开3306端口即可