百度地图的基本使用

项目中需要获取用户的位置信息,以方便后期对客户所在地域进行分类统计,为运营人员提供数据支撑.而强大的百度SDK足以满足应用.

对于第三方SDK,官方开发指南是第一手资料.所以使用前请参考百度地图官方网站.Android开发模块中,Android地图SDK和Android定位SDK是两个不同的功能.开发前需要详细区分,因为后期的文件配置有所不同,否者无法获取正确的地理位置.

现在官网上Android定位的SDK为 7.1,本文基于此版本,对百度SDK使用时的文件配置和基本用法进行简单介绍.

首先是app中build.gradle的配置.

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {

    compileSdkVersion 26
    buildToolsVersion "26.0.0"
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.lbstest1"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 26
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    sourceSets {
        main {
            jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.+'
    compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

}

android中通过sourceSets将JNI的目录指向libs.其中后缀为so的文件,封装的是C语言代码.因为Anroid底层是Java语言,具有跨平台特性,但是当与以C语言编写的本地操作系统交互时,操作系统就很难兼顾跨平台特性.使用so文件可以顺利解决Java和操作系统交互时的问题.

dependencies中指定依赖库文件为libs目录中以jar结尾的文件.点击同步Sync Project with Gradle Files,启动配置的gradle文件.

使用地图之前,需要向用户申请权限和配置启动百度时使用的服务.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.lbstest1">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.baidu.lbsapi.API_KEY"
            android:value="BVUH1RNr1nfIIO99oQppSXbtj3GGZoDs"/>
        <activity android:name="com.example.lbstest.MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service android:name="com.baidu.location.f" android:exported="true"
            android:process=":remote" android:enabled="true"/>
    </application>

</manifest>

然后在使用定位的地方,初始化地图管理类LocationClient.

 public LocationClient mLocationClient;
 private TextView positionText;
 private MapView mapView;
 private BaiduMap baiduMap;
 private boolean isFirstLocate = true;
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
     mLocationClient = new LocationClient(getApplicationContext());
     mLocationClient.registerLocationListener(new MyLocationListener());
     SDKInitializer.initialize(getApplicationContext());
     setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
     mapView = (MapView)findViewById(R.id.bmapView);
     positionText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);
     baiduMap = mapView.getMap();
     baiduMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
}

在用户允许授权后,就可以进行地图的初始化和调用.

private void initLocation(){
    LocationClientOption option = new LocationClientOption();
    option.setScanSpan(3000);
    option.setLocationMode(LocationClientOption.LocationMode.Hight_Accuracy);
    option.setIsNeedAddress(true);
    mLocationClient.setLocOption(option);
    mLocationClient.start();
}

最后在监听接口中,获取请求到的位置信息.根据具体位置,就可以进行获取详细地址,定位,地图详情,周边搜索等操作.

public class MyLocationListener implements BDLocationListener{
        @Override
        public void onReceiveLocation(BDLocation bdLocation) {
            StringBuilder currentPosition = new StringBuilder();
            currentPosition.append("维度: ").append(bdLocation.getLatitude()).append("\n");
            currentPosition.append("经度: ").append(bdLocation.getLongitude()).append("\n");

            currentPosition.append("国家: ").append(bdLocation.getCountry()).append("\n");
            currentPosition.append("省: ").append(bdLocation.getProvince()).append("\n");
            currentPosition.append("城市: ").append(bdLocation.getCity()).append("\n");
            currentPosition.append("区: ").append(bdLocation.getDistrict()).append("\n");
            currentPosition.append("街道: ").append(bdLocation.getStreet()).append("\n");
            currentPosition.append("定位方式: ");
            if (bdLocation.getLocType() == BDLocation.TypeGpsLocation){
                currentPosition.append("GPS");
            }else if(bdLocation.getLocType() == BDLocation.TypeNetWorkLocation){
                currentPosition.append("网络");
            }else if (bdLocation.getLocType() == BDLocation.TypeOffLineLocation){
                currentPosition.append("Offline");
            }else if (bdLocation.getLocType() == BDLocation.TypeCacheLocation){
                currentPosition.append("Cache");
            }else {
                currentPosition.append("xxxx" + bdLocation.getLocType());
            }

            final String text = currentPosition.toString();
            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    positionText.setText(text);
                }
            });

            if (bdLocation.getLocType() == BDLocation.TypeGpsLocation || bdLocation.getLocType() == BDLocation
                    .TypeNetWorkLocation){
                navigateTo(bdLocation);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onConnectHotSpotMessage(String s, int i) {

        }
    }

详细请参考Demo

总结

Android中第三方SDK的使用,基本遵循上述流程:首先配置gradle,引入支持的jar包或者so文件.然后在需要使用的地方实例化,对实例进行相应的配置.最后开启功能后,在暴露的接口方法中处理第三方提供的数据.

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