面试算法(1)
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2024-03-17 23:53:58
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# 字符串反转'12345678' -> '67812345'
def reverseStr(_str,_from):
_str = list(_str)
_str[_from:]=_str[:_from-1:-1]
_str[:_from] = _str[_from-1::-1]
_str = _str[::-1]
return ''.join(_str)
print reverseStr('12345678',5)
# 大数加法
def addBig(a,b):
c,i,j = 0, len(a)-1,len(b)-1
arr = ''
while i>=0 or j>=0 or c!=0:
_sum =0
_sum += int(a[i]) if (i>=0) else 0
_sum += int(b[j]) if (j>=0) else 0
i,j = i-1,j-1
arr+=str((_sum+c)%10)
c=(_sum+c)/10
return arr[::-1]
print addBig('99','999')
# 大数乘法
def multiply(a,b):
res= [0]*(len(a)+len(b))
for i,ei in enumerate(reversed(a)):
for j,ej in enumerate(reversed(b)):
res[i+j]+=int(ei)*int(ej)
res[i+j+1] += res[i+j]/10
res[i+j]%= 10
while len(res)>1 and res[-1] ==0:
res.pop()
return ''.join(map(str,res[::-1]))
print multiply('123','6542')
class linkNode(object) :
def __init__(self,_v=0):
self._v = _v
self._next=None
# 模拟链表部分翻转
def partReverse(listNode,_from,_to):
cur,root = linkNode(0),listNode
for _ in xrange(_from):
head = listNode
listNode = listNode._next
cur = listNode
listNode = listNode._next
for _ in xrange(_to-_from+1):
cur._next = listNode._next
listNode._next = head._next
head._next = listNode
listNode._next = head._next._next
listNode = cur._next
return root
# 拓扑排序
import numpy as np
def topo(mat):
res,i = [],0
while i < (mat.shape[0]):
if sum(mat[:,i])==0 and (i not in res):
res.append(i)
mat[i]=0
i=0
i+=1
return res
mapMat =np.array([
[0,1,0,1,0],
[0,0,1,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,1,0,1],
[0,0,1,0,0]
])
print(topo(mapMat))
# 最长括号匹配
def longestParentheses(s):
stack,ans=[],0
for i,v in enumerate(')'+s):
if v==')' and stack and stack[-1][1]=='(':
stack.pop()
ans = max(ans,i-stack[-1][0])
else:
stack.append((i,v))
return ans
print longestParentheses("(())()()(")
# 最短路径
G = {1:{1:0, 2:1, 3:12},
2:{2:0, 3:9, 4:3},
3:{3:0, 5:5},
4:{3:4, 4:0, 5:13, 6:15},
5:{5:0, 6:4},
6:{6:0}}
def dijkstra(G,s):
book,minv,INF= set(),s,9999
dis = dict((k,INF) for k in G.keys())
dis[s] = 0
while len(book)<len(G):
book.add(minv)
for w in G[minv]:
if dis[minv]+G[minv][w]<dis[w]:
dis[w] = dis[minv]+G[minv][w]
_new = INF
for v in dis.keys():
if v in book:
continue
if dis[v]<_new:
_new = dis[v]
minv = v
print dis
# dijkstra(G,1)
# 快排
def quickSort(arr):
if len(arr)<=1:return arr
low,pi,high = partition(arr)
return quickSort(low)+[pi]+quickSort(high)
# 分区
def partition(arr):
pi , arr = arr[0],arr[1:]
low = [x for x in arr if x<=pi]
high = [x for x in arr if x>pi]
return low,pi,high
# MergeSort
def mergeSort(arr):
mid = len(arr)/2
left ,right = arr[:mid],arr[mid:]
if len(left)>1:
left = mergeSort(left)
if len(right)>1:
right = mergeSort(right)
res = []
while left and right:
if left[0]>=right[0]:
res.append(left.pop())
else:
res.append(right.pop())
res.reverse()
return (left or right)+res
arr = [4,1,2,7,6]
# print mergeSort(arr)
# 生成合法括号
def generate(l,r,s,result):
if l==0 and r==0:
return result.append(s)
if l>0:
generate(l-1,r,s+'(',result)
if r>l:
generate(l,r-1,s+')',result)
result = []
generate(3,3,'',result)
print result