欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页

DWR 入門與應用(三)

程序员文章站 2024-03-15 19:42:18
...

來寫個AJAX版的聊天室吧!先看看直接使用AJAX要如何做到,首先需要一個簡單的聊天室Servlet…

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
  <servlet>
    <description>
    </description>
    <display-name>
    ChatRoomServlet</display-name>
    <servlet-name>ChatRoomServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
    onlyfun.caterpillar.ChatRoomServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
 
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ChatRoomServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/ChatRoomServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <session-config>
    <session-timeout>
            30
        </session-timeout>
  </session-config>  
</web-app>

 

 在網頁中,使用者可以在輸入訊息後按下按鈕送出資訊,並在XML回應取得時,將訊息以一列一列的表格方式顯示出來,另外還設定了週期性的輪詢,即使不輸入新訊息,也可以週期性的取得新的聊天訊息…

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=BIG5">
<title>Chat Room</title>
 
<script type="text/javascript">
var xmlHttp;
 
function createXMLHttpRequest() {
    if (window.ActiveXObject) {
        xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
    } 
    else if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
        xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
    }
}
 
function sendMessage() {
  var msg = document.getElementById("text").value;
  
  if(msg == "") {
    refreshMessage();
    return;
  }
  
  var param = "task=send&msg=" + msg;
  ajaxRequest(param);
  document.getElementById("text").value = "";
}
 
function queryMessage() {
  var param = "task=query";
  ajaxRequest(param);
}
 
function ajaxRequest(param) {
  var url = "ChatRoomServlet?timestamp" + new Date().getTime();
    createXMLHttpRequest();
  xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = refreshMessage;
    xmlHttp.open("POST", url, true);
  xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",
           "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;");
    xmlHttp.send(param);
}
  
function refreshMessage() {
  if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4) {
        if(xmlHttp.status == 200) {
          var messages = xmlHttp.responseXML.getElementsByTagName("message");
  
          var table_body = document.getElementById("dynamicUpdateArea");
      var length = table_body.childNodes.length;
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        table_body.removeChild(table_body.childNodes[0]);
      }
      
      var length = messages.length;
          for(var i = length - 1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
              var message = messages[i].firstChild.data;
              var row = createRow(message);
        
              table_body.appendChild(row);                        
          }
      setTimeout("queryMessage()", 2000);
        }
  }
}
 
function createRow(message) {
    var row = document.createElement("tr");
    var cell = document.createElement("td");
    var cell_data = document.createTextNode(message);
    cell.appendChild(cell_data);
    row.appendChild(cell);
    return row;
}
 
</script>
 
</head>
<body>
 
<p>
  Your Message:
  <input id="text"/>
  <input type="button" value="Send"
      onclick="sendMessage()"/>
</p>
 
<p>Messages:</p>
    <table align="left">
        <tbody id="dynamicUpdateArea"></tbody>
    </table>
 
</body>
</html>

 

簡單抓個畫面…
DWR 入門與應用(三)

 

直接用AJAX,後端用JSP/Servlet,您要對請求參數做些判斷,看看是新增訊息或查詢,並要自行輸出XML,有的沒的…

改成DWR的話,就很簡單了,寫個簡單的Java物件…

package onlyfun.caterpillar;
 
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
 
public class Chat {
  private static LinkedList<Message> messages = new LinkedList<Message>();
 
  public List addMessage(String text) {
    if (text != null && text.trim().length() > 0) {
      messages.addFirst(new Message(text));
      while (messages.size() > 10) {
        messages.removeLast();
      }
    }
 
    return messages;
  }
 
  public List getMessages() {
    return messages;
  }
}

 

 接著…在dwr.xml中開放一下…

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 1.0//EN" "http://www.getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/dwr10.dtd">
 
<dwr>
  <allow>
 
    <create creator="new" javascript="Chat">
      <param name="class" value="onlyfun.caterpillar.Chat"/>
    </create>
    
    <convert converter="bean" match="onlyfun.caterpillar.Message"/>      
  </allow>
</dwr>
&nbsp;

 

 使用者取得訊息時,是直接傳回List物件,而List中裝的是Message物件,Message物件是自訂物件,conterver設定為bean,表示DWR會自動將Message的getter名稱轉換為傳回客戶端的JavaScript物件中的屬性,例如Message中有getText(),則在客戶端可以用message.text這樣的方式來存取。

接著是簡單的客戶端網頁…

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=BIG5">
<title>Insert title here</title>
 
<script src="dwr/interface/Chat.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="dwr/engine.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="dwr/util.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
<script type="text/javascript">
function sendMessage() {
    var text = DWRUtil.getValue("text");
    DWRUtil.setValue("text", "");
    Chat.addMessage(text, gotMessages);
}
 
function gotMessages(messages) {
    var chatlog = "";
    for (var data in messages) {
        chatlog = "<div>" + messages[data].text +
            "</div>" + chatlog;
    }
    DWRUtil.setValue("chatlog", chatlog);
  setTimeout("queryMessage()", 2000);
}
 
function queryMessage() {
  Chat.getMessages(gotMessages);
}
</script>
 
</head>
<body>
 
<p>
  Your Message:
  <input id="text"/>
  <input type="button" value="Send"
      onclick="sendMessage()"/>
</p>
 
<p>Messages:</p>
<div id="chatlog"></div>
 
</body>
</html>

 

當List物件傳回時,它成為gotMessages(messages)中的messages物件,而messages物件中包括Message 物件轉換後對應的JavaScript物件,由於我們已經設定了Converter,所以可以用messages[data].text來取得傳回的訊息…

簡單抓個畫面…
DWR 入門與應用(三) 

 

转载:http://www.javaworld.com.tw/jute/post/view?bid=49&id=167679&sty=1&tpg=2&age=0