安装Nginx 1.2.6
1、下载Nginx
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz2、解压
# tar -vzxf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz3、编译
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --error-log-path=/var/logs/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/logs/nginx/access.log --with-http_stub_status_module Configuration summary + using system PCRE library + OpenSSL library is not used + md5: using system crypto library + sha1: using system crypto library + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx" nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf" nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/var/logs/nginx/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/var/logs/nginx/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" # make # sudo make install4、修改配置
# sudo vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf5、启动、重启、关闭
运行 prefix/sbin/nginx 启动 # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 重启配置(修改配置后使得配置生效) # sudo kill -HUP `cat /var/run/nginx.pid` 或者 # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 重启Nginx # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen 关闭 # sudo kill `cat /var/run/nginx.pid` 或者 # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit 查看版本号 # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v 不运行，仅测试配置文件。nginx检查正确的语法配置并且在配置中打开指定的文件 # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 查看版本号、编译版本和配置参数 # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V 发送stop, quit, reopen, reload信号到主进程(版本 >= 0.7.53) # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen # sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
6、安装自启动程序
下载地址：http://wiki.nginx.org/InitScripts Red Hat Nginx Init Script：http://wiki.nginx.org/RedHatNginxInitScript 下载后文件为:nginx，如下：#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac保存到/etc/init.d/nginx
# cp nginx /etc/init.d
# sudo vim /etc/init.d/nginx （修改nginx主程序路径）
**************************************************************
......
#nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
#NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
......
**************************************************************
添加执行权限
# sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
配置成nginx服务
# sudo chkconfig nginx on
查看配置结果
# sudo chkconfig --list nginx
nginx 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭
7、监控Nginx并发统计
需要编译时加上--with-http_stub_status_module修改nginx配置文件如下：
# sudo vi /usr/local/nginx/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http {
...
server {
listen SOME.IP.ADD.RESS;
...
location /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
#allow SOME.IP.ADD.RESS;
#deny all;
}
...
}
...
}# wget http://kovyrin.net/files/mrtg/rrd_nginx.pl.txt
#!/usr/bin/perl
use RRDs;
use LWP::UserAgent;
# define location of rrdtool databases
my $rrd = '/opt/rrd';
# define location of images
my $img = '/opt/rrd';
# define your nginx stats URL
my $URL = "http://moviewer.com/nginx_status";
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(timeout => 30);
my $response = $ua->request(HTTP::Request->new('GET', $URL));
my $requests = 0;
my $total = 0;
my $reading = 0;
my $writing = 0;
my $waiting = 0;
foreach (split(/\n/, $response->content)) {
$total = $1 if (/^Active connections:\s+(\d+)/);
if (/^Reading:\s+(\d+).*Writing:\s+(\d+).*Waiting:\s+(\d+)/) {
$reading = $1;
$writing = $2;
$waiting = $3;
}
$requests = $3 if (/^\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)/);
}
#print "RQ:$requests; TT:$total; RD:$reading; WR:$writing; WA:$waiting\n";
# if rrdtool database doesn't exist, create it
if (! -e "$rrd/nginx.rrd") {
RRDs::create "$rrd/nginx.rrd",
"-s 60",
"DS:requests:COUNTER:120:0:100000000",
"DS:total:ABSOLUTE:120:0:60000",
"DS:reading:ABSOLUTE:120:0:60000",
"DS:writing:ABSOLUTE:120:0:60000",
"DS:waiting:ABSOLUTE:120:0:60000",
"RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:2880",
"RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:30:672",
"RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:120:732",
"RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:720:1460";
}
# insert values into rrd database
RRDs::update "$rrd/nginx.rrd",
"-t", "requests:total:reading:writing:waiting",
"N:$requests:$total:$reading:$writing:$waiting";
# Generate graphs
CreateGraphs("day");
CreateGraphs("week");
CreateGraphs("month");
CreateGraphs("year");
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub CreateGraphs($){
my $period = shift;
RRDs::graph "$img/requests-$period.png",
"-s -1$period",
"-t Requests on nginx",
"--lazy",
"-h", "150", "-w", "700",
"-l 0",
"-a", "PNG",
"-v requests/sec",
"DEF:requests=$rrd/nginx.rrd:requests:AVERAGE",
"LINE2:requests#336600:Requests",
"GPRINT:requests:MAX: Max\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:requests:AVERAGE: Avg\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:requests:LAST: Current\\: %5.1lf %Sreq/sec",
"HRULE:0#000000";
if ($ERROR = RRDs::error) {
print "$0: unable to generate $period graph: $ERROR\n";
}
RRDs::graph "$img/connections-$period.png",
"-s -1$period",
"-t Requests on nginx",
"--lazy",
"-h", "150", "-w", "700",
"-l 0",
"-a", "PNG",
"-v requests/sec",
"DEF:total=$rrd/nginx.rrd:total:AVERAGE",
"DEF:reading=$rrd/nginx.rrd:reading:AVERAGE",
"DEF:writing=$rrd/nginx.rrd:writing:AVERAGE",
"DEF:waiting=$rrd/nginx.rrd:waiting:AVERAGE",
"LINE2:total#22FF22:Total",
"GPRINT:total:LAST: Current\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:total:MIN: Min\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:total:AVERAGE: Avg\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:total:MAX: Max\\: %5.1lf %S\\n",
"LINE2:reading#0022FF:Reading",
"GPRINT:reading:LAST: Current\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:reading:MIN: Min\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:reading:AVERAGE: Avg\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:reading:MAX: Max\\: %5.1lf %S\\n",
"LINE2:writing#FF0000:Writing",
"GPRINT:writing:LAST: Current\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:writing:MIN: Min\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:writing:AVERAGE: Avg\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:writing:MAX: Max\\: %5.1lf %S\\n",
"LINE2:waiting#00AAAA:Waiting",
"GPRINT:waiting:LAST: Current\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:waiting:MIN: Min\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:waiting:AVERAGE: Avg\\: %5.1lf %S",
"GPRINT:waiting:MAX: Max\\: %5.1lf %S\\n",
"HRULE:0#000000";
if ($ERROR = RRDs::error) {
print "$0: unable to generate $period graph: $ERROR\n";
}
}该脚本会按年、月、日、周分连接数和请求数生成统计表图片
# mv rrd_nginx.pl.txt rrd_nginx.pl
添加执行权限
# chmod +x rrd_nginx.pl
# sudo vim /etc/crontab
新增
* * * * * root /home/web/download/rrd_nginx.pl
或者 crontab -e
新增上面一行即可
# sudo service crond restart
参考地址：http://kovyrin.net/2006/04/29/monitoring-nginx-with-rrdtool/
8、nginx日志分隔
保存分隔脚本为：/home/web/cron/cut_nginx_logs.sh#!/bin/bash
#function:cut nginx log files for lnmp v0.5 and v0.6
#author: http://lnmp.org
#set the path to nginx log files
log_files_path="/var/logs/nginx"
#set nginx log files you want to cut
project_name=unknown
log_files_name=access
log_files_dir=${log_files_path}/bck/${project_name}/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")
set the path to nginx.
nginx_sbin="/etc/init.d/nginx"
############################################
#Please do not modify the following script #
############################################
mkdir -p $log_files_dir
#log_files_num=${#log_files_name[@]}
#cut nginx log files
#for((i=0;i<$log_files_num;i++));do
mv ${log_files_path}/${log_files_name}.log ${log_files_dir}/${log_files_name}_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d")_$(date +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S").log
#done
kill -USR1 $(cat /var/run/nginx.pid)
$nginx_sbin force-reload# sudo chmod +x cut_nginx_logs.sh
# crontab -e
5 0 * * * root /home/web/cron/cut_nginx_logs.sh
即每日凌晨0点5分执行分隔脚本
每日会自动在日志目录下生成类似如下文件：
/var/logs/nginx/bck/unknown/2013/02/access_20130222_20130223162711.log