java连接Oracle数据库的方法解析

oracle数据库先创建一个表和添加一些数据

1.先在oracle数据库中创建一个student表:

create table student
(
 id number(11) not null primary key,
 stu_name varchar(16) not null,
 gender number(11) default null,
 age number(11) default null,
 address varchar(128) default null
);

2.向表中增添一些数据

insert into student values('1','王小军','1','17','北京市和平里七区30号楼7门102')

myeclipse里编写java代码

1.将ojdbc6.jar导入项目中

   先创建一个项目，然后在鼠标移到项目上右键-->new-->folder;folder name:lib;这样就在项目中创建了一个文件夹lib;然后将ojdbc6.jar包导入该文件夹中

   该包下载地址链接：

   鼠标移到该包上;右键-->build path-->add to build path;

2.创建一个类,开始编码

import java.sql.connection;
import java.sql.drivermanager;
import java.sql.preparedstatement;
import java.sql.resultset;
import java.sql.resultsetmetadata;
import java.sql.sqlexception;
public class operateoracle {
 // 定义连接所需的字符串
 // 192.168.0.x是本机地址(要改成自己的ip地址)，1521端口号，xe是精简版oracle的默认数据库名
 private static string usernamr = "orcl";
 private static string password = "orcl";
 private static string drvier = "oracle.jdbc.oracledriver";
 private static string url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.x:1521:xe";
 // 创建一个数据库连接
 connection connection = null;
 // 创建预编译语句对象，一般都是用这个而不用statement
 preparedstatement pstm = null;
 // 创建一个结果集对象
 resultset rs = null;
 /**
 * 向数据库中增加数据
 * 首先获取表内数据总数,总数+1为新增数据的id值
 * @param stuname:学生姓名
 * @param gender:学生性别,1表示男性,2表示女性
 * @param age:学生年龄
 * @param address:学生住址
 */
 public void adddata(string stuname, int gender, int age, string address) {
 connection = getconnection();
 // string sql =
 // "insert into student values('1','王小军','1','17','北京市和平里七区30号楼7门102')";
 string sql = "select count(*) from student where 1 = 1";
 string sqlstr = "insert into student values(?,?,?,?,?)";
 int count = 0;
 try {
 // 计算数据库student表中数据总数
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sql);
 rs = pstm.executequery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 count = rs.getint(1) + 1;
 system.out.println(rs.getint(1));
 }
 // 执行插入数据操作
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sqlstr);
 pstm.setint(1, count);
 pstm.setstring(2, stuname);
 pstm.setint(3, gender);
 pstm.setint(4, age);
 pstm.setstring(5, address);
 pstm.executeupdate();
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 } finally {
 releaseresource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 向数据库中删除数据
 * @param stuname:根据姓名删除数据
 */
 public void deletedata(string stuname) {
 connection = getconnection();
 string sqlstr = "delete from student where stu_name=?";
 system.out.println(stuname);
 try {
 // 执行删除数据操作
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sqlstr);
 pstm.setstring(1, stuname);
 pstm.executeupdate();
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 } finally {
 releaseresource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 向数据库中修改数据
 * @param stuname:学生姓名,根据此值查询要修改的某行值
 * @param gender
 * @param age
 * @param address
 */
 public void updatedata(string stuname, int gender, int age, string address) {
 connection = getconnection();
 string sql = "select id from student where 1 = 1 and stu_name = ?";
 string sqlstr = "update student set stu_name=?,gender=?,age=?,address=? where id=?";
 int count = 0;
 try {
 // 计算数据库student表中数据总数
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sql);
 pstm.setstring(1, stuname);
 rs = pstm.executequery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 count = rs.getint(1);
 system.out.println(rs.getint(1));
 }
 // 执行插入数据操作
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sqlstr);
 pstm.setstring(1, stuname);
 pstm.setint(2, gender);
 pstm.setint(3, age);
 pstm.setstring(4, address);
 pstm.setint(5, count);
 pstm.executeupdate();
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 } finally {
 releaseresource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 向数据库中查询数据
 */
 public void selectdata() {
 connection = getconnection();
 string sql = "select * from student where 1 = 1";
 try {
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sql);
 rs = pstm.executequery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 string id = rs.getstring("id");
 string name = rs.getstring("stu_name");
 string gender = rs.getstring("gender");
 string age = rs.getstring("age");
 string address = rs.getstring("address");
 system.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + gender + "\t"
 + age + "\t" + address);
 }
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 } finally {
 releaseresource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 使用resultsetmetadata计算列数
 */
 public void selectdata2() {
 connection = getconnection();
 string sql = "select * from employees where 1 = 1";
 int count = 0;
 try {
 pstm = connection.preparestatement(sql);
 rs = pstm.executequery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 count++;
 }
 resultsetmetadata rsmd = rs.getmetadata();
 int cols_len = rsmd.getcolumncount();
 system.out.println("count=" + count + "\tcols_len=" + cols_len);
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 } finally {
 releaseresource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 获取connection对象
 * 
 * @return
 */
 public connection getconnection() {
 try {
 class.forname(drvier);
 connection = drivermanager.getconnection(url, usernamr, password);
 system.out.println("成功连接数据库");
 } catch (classnotfoundexception e) {
 throw new runtimeexception("class not find !", e);
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 throw new runtimeexception("get connection error!", e);
 }
 return connection;
 }
 /**
 * 释放资源
 */
 public void releaseresource() {
 if (rs != null) {
 try {
 rs.close();
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 }
 }
 if (pstm != null) {
 try {
 pstm.close();
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 }
 }
 if (connection != null) {
 try {
 connection.close();
 } catch (sqlexception e) {
 e.printstacktrace();
 }
 }
 }
}

3.创建一个测试类

public class test {
 public static void main(string[] args) {
 /**
 * 增删改查完成,但是有一定局限性
 * 1.增 问题不大
 * 2.删 要给出一个值去删除(可能值不存在-->没有处理机制,值不唯一怎么处理?)
 * 3.改 同删的问题
 * 4.查 问题不大
 */
 //创建operateoracle对象
 operateoracle oo=new operateoracle();
 //测试增加数据操作
 //oo.adddata("孙中山",1,25,"北京市海淀区红旗路111号");
 //测试删除数据操作
 //oo.deletedata("孙中山");
 //测试更新数据操作
 oo.updatedata("孙中山",1,30,"北京市东城区岳山路11号");
 //测试查询数据操作
 //oo.selectdata();
 //测试resultsetmetadata类
 //oo.selectdata2();
 }
}

正如测试类中所注释的,此处只可按照正确的方式去连接oracle数据库,操作增删改查操作,但是对于一些错误操作的处理机制还不够完善。

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