Java线程池的几种实现方法和区别介绍
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2024-03-11 13:13:01
java线程池的几种实现方法和区别介绍
import java.text.dateformat;
import java.text.simpledateform...
java线程池的几种实现方法和区别介绍
import java.text.dateformat; import java.text.simpledateformat; import java.util.arraylist; import java.util.date; import java.util.list; import java.util.random; import java.util.concurrent.callable; import java.util.concurrent.executorservice; import java.util.concurrent.executors; import java.util.concurrent.future; public class testthreadpool { // -newfixedthreadpool与cachethreadpool差不多,也是能reuse就用,但不能随时建新的线程 // -其独特之处:任意时间点,最多只能有固定数目的活动线程存在,此时如果有新的线程要建立,只能放在另外的队列中等待,直到当前的线程中某个线程终止直接被移出池子 // -和cachethreadpool不同,fixedthreadpool没有idle机制(可能也有,但既然文档没提,肯定非常长,类似依赖上层的tcp或udp // idle机制之类的),所以fixedthreadpool多数针对一些很稳定很固定的正规并发线程,多用于服务器 // -从方法的源代码看,cache池和fixed 池调用的是同一个底层池,只不过参数不同: // fixed池线程数固定,并且是0秒idle(无idle) // cache池线程数支持0-integer.max_value(显然完全没考虑主机的资源承受能力),60秒idle private static executorservice fixedservice = executors.newfixedthreadpool(6); // -缓存型池子,先查看池中有没有以前建立的线程,如果有,就reuse.如果没有,就建一个新的线程加入池中 // -缓存型池子通常用于执行一些生存期很短的异步型任务 // 因此在一些面向连接的daemon型server中用得不多。 // -能reuse的线程,必须是timeout idle内的池中线程,缺省timeout是60s,超过这个idle时长,线程实例将被终止及移出池。 // 注意,放入cachedthreadpool的线程不必担心其结束,超过timeout不活动,其会自动被终止。 private static executorservice cacheservice = executors.newcachedthreadpool(); // -单例线程,任意时间池中只能有一个线程 // -用的是和cache池和fixed池相同的底层池,但线程数目是1-1,0秒idle(无idle) private static executorservice singleservice = executors.newsinglethreadexecutor(); // -调度型线程池 // -这个池子里的线程可以按schedule依次delay执行,或周期执行 private static executorservice scheduledservice = executors.newscheduledthreadpool(10); public static void main(string[] args) { dateformat format = new simpledateformat("yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss"); list<integer> customerlist = new arraylist<integer>(); system.out.println(format.format(new date())); testfixedthreadpool(fixedservice, customerlist); system.out.println("--------------------------"); testfixedthreadpool(fixedservice, customerlist); fixedservice.shutdown(); system.out.println(fixedservice.isshutdown()); system.out.println("----------------------------------------------------"); testcachethreadpool(cacheservice, customerlist); system.out.println("----------------------------------------------------"); testcachethreadpool(cacheservice, customerlist); cacheservice.shutdownnow(); system.out.println("----------------------------------------------------"); testsingleservicethreadpool(singleservice, customerlist); testsingleservicethreadpool(singleservice, customerlist); singleservice.shutdown(); system.out.println("----------------------------------------------------"); testscheduledservicethreadpool(scheduledservice, customerlist); testscheduledservicethreadpool(scheduledservice, customerlist); scheduledservice.shutdown(); } public static void testscheduledservicethreadpool(executorservice service, list<integer> customerlist) { list<callable<integer>> listcallable = new arraylist<callable<integer>>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { callable<integer> callable = new callable<integer>() { @override public integer call() throws exception { return new random().nextint(10); } }; listcallable.add(callable); } try { list<future<integer>> listfuture = service.invokeall(listcallable); for (future<integer> future : listfuture) { integer id = future.get(); customerlist.add(id); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } system.out.println(customerlist.tostring()); } public static void testsingleservicethreadpool(executorservice service, list<integer> customerlist) { list<callable<list<integer>>> listcallable = new arraylist<callable<list<integer>>>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { callable<list<integer>> callable = new callable<list<integer>>() { @override public list<integer> call() throws exception { list<integer> list = getlist(new random().nextint(10)); boolean isstop = false; while (list.size() > 0 && !isstop) { system.out.println(thread.currentthread().getid() + " -- sleep:1000"); isstop = true; } return list; } }; listcallable.add(callable); } try { list<future<list<integer>>> listfuture = service.invokeall(listcallable); for (future<list<integer>> future : listfuture) { list<integer> list = future.get(); customerlist.addall(list); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } system.out.println(customerlist.tostring()); } public static void testcachethreadpool(executorservice service, list<integer> customerlist) { list<callable<list<integer>>> listcallable = new arraylist<callable<list<integer>>>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { callable<list<integer>> callable = new callable<list<integer>>() { @override public list<integer> call() throws exception { list<integer> list = getlist(new random().nextint(10)); boolean isstop = false; while (list.size() > 0 && !isstop) { system.out.println(thread.currentthread().getid() + " -- sleep:1000"); isstop = true; } return list; } }; listcallable.add(callable); } try { list<future<list<integer>>> listfuture = service.invokeall(listcallable); for (future<list<integer>> future : listfuture) { list<integer> list = future.get(); customerlist.addall(list); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } system.out.println(customerlist.tostring()); } public static void testfixedthreadpool(executorservice service, list<integer> customerlist) { list<callable<list<integer>>> listcallable = new arraylist<callable<list<integer>>>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { callable<list<integer>> callable = new callable<list<integer>>() { @override public list<integer> call() throws exception { list<integer> list = getlist(new random().nextint(10)); boolean isstop = false; while (list.size() > 0 && !isstop) { system.out.println(thread.currentthread().getid() + " -- sleep:1000"); isstop = true; } return list; } }; listcallable.add(callable); } try { list<future<list<integer>>> listfuture = service.invokeall(listcallable); for (future<list<integer>> future : listfuture) { list<integer> list = future.get(); customerlist.addall(list); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } system.out.println(customerlist.tostring()); } public static list<integer> getlist(int x) { list<integer> list = new arraylist<integer>(); list.add(x); list.add(x * x); return list; } }
使用:linkedblockingqueue实现线程池讲解
//例如:corepoolsize=3,maximumpoolsize=6,linkedblockingqueue(10) //rejectedexecutionhandler默认处理方式是:threadpoolexecutor.abortpolicy //threadpoolexecutor executorservice = new threadpoolexecutor(corepoolsize, maximumpoolsize, 1l, timeunit.seconds, new linkedblockingqueue<runnable>(10)); //1.如果线程池中(也就是调用executorservice.execute)运行的线程未达到linkedblockingqueue.init(10)的话,当前执行的线程数是:corepoolsize(3) //2.如果超过了linkedblockingqueue.init(10)并且超过的数>=init(10)+corepoolsize(3)的话,并且小于init(10)+maximumpoolsize. 当前启动的线程数是:(当前线程数-init(10)) //3.如果调用的线程数超过了init(10)+maximumpoolsize 则根据rejectedexecutionhandler的规则处理。
关于:rejectedexecutionhandler几种默认实现讲解
//默认使用:threadpoolexecutor.abortpolicy,处理程序遭到拒绝将抛出运行时rejectedexecutionexception。 rejectedexecutionhandler policy=new threadpoolexecutor.abortpolicy(); // //在 threadpoolexecutor.callerrunspolicy 中,线程调用运行该任务的execute本身。此策略提供简单的反馈控制机制,能够减缓新任务的提交速度。 // policy=new threadpoolexecutor.callerrunspolicy(); // //在 threadpoolexecutor.discardpolicy 中,不能执行的任务将被删除。 // policy=new threadpoolexecutor.discardpolicy(); // //在 threadpoolexecutor.discardoldestpolicy 中,如果执行程序尚未关闭,则位于工作队列头部的任务将被删除,然后重试执行程序(如果再次失败,则重复此过程)。 // policy=new threadpoolexecutor.discardoldestpolicy();
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