CentOS 7.0 防火墙开启/关闭
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2024-03-09 08:54:56
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CentOS 7.0默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙, 使用systemctl来管理服务和程序,包括了service和chkconfig
1、查看默认防火墙状态(关闭后显示not running,开启后显示running)
[[email protected] ~]# firewall-cmd --state
not running
2、检查防火墙的状态
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep firewalld.service
firewalld.service disabled
或者:
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead) --表示防火墙已经关闭
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
3、开启防火墙
[[email protected] ~]#systemctl start firewalld.service --启动firewall
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable firewalld.service --开机时启动firewall
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service.
4、关闭防火墙:
[[email protected] ~]#systemctl stop firewalld.service --停止firewall
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service --禁止firewall开机启动
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
5、重启防火墙
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart firewalld.service
6、查看防火墙是否开机自启
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service;echo $?
enabled --自启
0
或者:
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service;echo $?
disabled --不自启
1
7、查看已启动的服务列表
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled
auditd.service enabled
[email protected] enabled
avahi-daemon.service enabled
crond.service enabled
8、开启端口
[[email protected] ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
success
命令含义:
–zone #作用域
–add-port=80/tcp #添加端口,格式为:端口/通讯协议
–permanent #永久生效,没有此参数重启后失效
9、查看已经开放的端口
[[email protected] ~]# firewall-cmd --list-port
80/tcp
10、屏蔽FirewallD服务
[[email protected] ~]#systemctl mask firewalld
还可以通过创建一个firewall.service到/dev/null的符号连接来屏蔽防火墙服务。
11、反屏蔽FirewallD服务
[[email protected] ~]#systemctl unmask firewalld
这是反屏蔽FirewallD服务,它会移除屏蔽FirewallD服务时创建的符号链接,故能重新启用服务。
12、检查是否已安装防火墙
[[email protected] ~]#yum install firewalld firewall-config
13、下面说下CentOS7和6的默认防火墙的区别
CentOS 7默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙,使用iptables必须重新设置一下
1、直接关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
2、设置 iptables service
yum -y install iptables-services
3、如果要修改防火墙配置,如增加防火墙端口3306
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
增加规则
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
保存退出后
systemctl restart iptables.service #重启防火墙使配置生效
systemctl enable iptables.service #设置防火墙开机启动
4、最后重启系统使设置生效即可
systemctl start iptables.service #打开防火墙
systemctl stop iptables.service #关闭防火墙
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