python算法与数据结构-二叉树的遍历
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2024-03-08 19:30:48
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广度优先遍历和深度优先遍历代码如下所示:
# coding=utf-8
class Node(object):
#尽量不加3个引号的注释了容易报错
def __init__(self, item):
self.elem = item
self.lchild = None
self.rchild = None
class Tree(object):
def __init__(self):
self.root = None
def add(self,item):
node = Node(item)
#有一种特殊情况,一上来根节点就是空的情况
if self.root is None:
self.root = node
return
queue = [self.root]
#主要queue不为空,就一直循环
while queue:
cur_node = queue.pop(0)
if cur_node.lchild is None:
cur_node.lchild = node
return
else:
queue.append(cur_node.lchild)
if cur_node.rchild is None:
cur_node.rchild = node
return
else:
queue.append(cur_node.rchild)
def breadth_travel(self):
"""广度遍历"""
if self.root is None:
return
queue = [self.root]
while queue:
cur_node = queue.pop(0)
#换行符给去掉
print(cur_node.elem,end=" ")
if cur_node.lchild is not None:
queue.append(cur_node.lchild)
if cur_node.rchild is not None:
queue.append(cur_node.rchild)
def preorder(self,node):
#先序遍历 根左右
if node is None:
return
print(node.elem,end=" ")
self.preorder(node.lchild)
self.preorder(node.rchild)
def inorder(self,node):
# 中序遍历 左中(根)右
if node is None:
return
self.inorder(node.lchild)
print(node.elem, end=" ")
self.inorder(node.rchild)
def postorder(self,node):
# 后序遍历 左右中(根)
if node is None:
return
self.postorder(node.lchild)
self.postorder(node.rchild)
print(node.elem, end=" ")
if __name__ == "__main__":
tree = Tree()
tree.add(0)
tree.add(1)
tree.add(2)
tree.add(3)
tree.add(4)
tree.add(5)
tree.add(6)
tree.add(7)
tree.add(8)
tree.add(9)
tree.breadth_travel()
print(" ")
tree.preorder(tree.root)
print(" ")
tree.inorder(tree.root)
print(" ")
tree.postorder(tree.root)
print(" ")