Java框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

程序员文章站 2024-03-08 08:31:27

前言：最近没什么事做，搭个框架写成博客记录下来，拉通一下之前所学知识. 话不多说，我们直接步入正题。准备工作：　 1/安装并配置java运行环境　 2/数...

前言：

最近没什么事做，搭个框架写成博客记录下来，拉通一下之前所学知识.

话不多说，我们直接步入正题。

准备工作：

　 1/安装并配置java运行环境

　 2/数据库的安装配置（mysql）

　 3/安装并配置服务器(tomcat)

　 4/maven

　 5/ intellijidea的安装配置（本人使用的主要软件是intellijidea,没用eclipse什么的）

　 6/ 使用intellijidea创建一个web app项目。

貌似就这些了吧

导包

不同于以往的导包，由于我们创建的是maven的webapp项目，所以现在只需配置下pomxml这个配置文件，系统会自动到maven的*仓库去下载相应的包.

本人的pom.xml配置文件如下（都写有说明的哈）：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
 <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
 <groupid>xrog</groupid>
 <artifactid>ssh</artifactid>
 <packaging>war</packaging>
 <version>1.0-snapshot</version>
 <name>ssh maven webapp</name>
 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 <!-- 本人将配置包的版本信息都统一放入此处，方便以后管理-->
 <properties>
 <springversion>4.3.1.release</springversion>
 <hibernateversion>4.3.5.final</hibernateversion>
 <jstlversion>1.2</jstlversion>
 <taglibversion>1.1.2</taglibversion>
 <servletversion>3.0-alpha-1</servletversion>
 <jsonversion>1.9.13</jsonversion>
 <jacksonversion>2.5.0</jacksonversion>
 <mysqlversion>6.0.3</mysqlversion>
 <c3p0version>0.9.1.2</c3p0version>
 <log4jversion>1.2.17</log4jversion>
 <fileuploadversion>1.3.1</fileuploadversion>
 <lombokversion>1.16.10</lombokversion>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
 <!-- 单元测试 -->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>junit</groupid>
 <artifactid>junit</artifactid>
 <version>3.8.1</version>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <!-- spring-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
 <artifactid>spring-beans</artifactid>
 <version>${springversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
 <artifactid>spring-core</artifactid>
 <version>${springversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
 <artifactid>spring-context</artifactid>
 <version>${springversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
 <artifactid>spring-orm</artifactid>
 <version>${springversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- spring web + spring mvc-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
 <artifactid>spring-web</artifactid>
 <version>${springversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
 <artifactid>spring-webmvc</artifactid>
 <version>${springversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- hibernate配置-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.hibernate</groupid>
 <artifactid>hibernate-core</artifactid>
 <version>${hibernateversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- hibernate 缓存, 视情况添加-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.hibernate</groupid>
 <artifactid>hibernate-ehcache</artifactid>
 <version>${hibernateversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- jsp页面使用的jstl支持-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>jstl</groupid>
 <artifactid>jstl</artifactid>
 <version>${jstlversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>taglibs</groupid>
 <artifactid>standard</artifactid>
 <version>${taglibversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid>
 <artifactid>servlet-api</artifactid>
 <version>${servletversion}</version>
 <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency>
 <!-- database数据库连接 mysql包-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>mysql</groupid>
 <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
 <version>${mysqlversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- 数据库连接池-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>c3p0</groupid>
 <artifactid>c3p0</artifactid>
 <version>${c3p0version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- json数据 使springmvc可以返回json值 ,视情况添加-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.codehaus.jackson</groupid>
 <artifactid>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactid>
 <version>${jsonversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- jackson可以轻松的将java对象转换成json对象和xml文档,同样也可以将json、xml转换成java对象-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupid>
 <artifactid>jackson-core</artifactid>
 <version>${jacksonversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupid>
 <artifactid>jackson-annotations</artifactid>
 <version>${jacksonversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupid>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupid>
 <artifactid>jackson-databind</artifactid>
 <version>${jacksonversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- log4j配置, 视情况添加-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>log4j</groupid>
 <artifactid>log4j</artifactid>
 <version>${log4jversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!--文件 上传-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>commons-fileupload</groupid>
 <artifactid>commons-fileupload</artifactid>
 <version>${fileuploadversion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- lombok插件导包-->
 <dependency>
 <groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
 <artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
 <version>${lombokversion}</version>
 <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <build>
 <finalname>ssh</finalname>
 </build>
</project>

ok，配置后运行下maven,就会自动向*仓库下载相应的包啦！（这个就不多说了）。

springmvc配置

我现在在这里把我配置后的结构拿出来给你们看下

Java框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

我们先配置下springmvc的配置：resources/meta-inf/spring-mvc.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
 <!-- 启动注解驱动的spring mvc功能,注册请求url和注解pojo类方法的映射-->
 <mvc:annotation-driven />
 <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh" />
 <bean id="viewresolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver">
 <property name="viewclass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview" />
 <property name="prefix" value="views/" /> <!-- 前缀 -->
 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> <!-- 后缀 -->
 </bean>
 <!--这里是对静态资源的映射-->
 <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/" />
 <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/" />
 <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/resources/img/" />
</beans>

好了，我们现在修改下web.xml这个配置文件，完善下springmvc的配置， web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
 version="3.0">
 <!-- 地址为http://localhost:8080/ 显示的默认网页-->
 <welcome-file-list>
 <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>
 <!-- spring mvc config start-->
 <servlet>
 <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
 <!-- 此处指向的的是springmvc的配置文件 -->
 <param-value>classpath:meta-inf/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
 </init-param>
 <!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->
 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <!-- spring mvc config end-->
</web-app>

ok，springmvc配置完成，现在我们进行一下测试吧

在controller层新建一个maincontroller，内容如下

package com.ssh.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmethod;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/1/2017.12:36 am
 */
@controller
public class maincontroller {

 @requestmapping(value = "test", method = requestmethod.get)
 public string test(){
// 实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
 return "test";
 }
}

test.jsp网页如下：

<html>
<body>
<center>
<h2 style="color: #ff261a;">this is my test page!</h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>

重启tomcat服务器，然后浏览器访问如下图所示：

Java框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

ps： tomcat默认端口是8080，我更改了端口号，如若你们为更改，正确的访问地址是localhost：8080/test

ok，成功访问。

springmvc+spring整合

这个就十分简单了，配置applicationcontext.xml这个spring的配置文件如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
 <!-- 自动扫描 -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
 <!-- 扫描时跳过 @controller 注解的java类（控制器） -->
 <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.controller"/>
 </context:component-scan>
</beans>

完善web.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
 version="3.0">
 <!-- 地址为http://localhost:8080/ 显示的默认网页-->
 <welcome-file-list>
 <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>
 <!--加载spring的配置文件到上下文中去-->
 <context-param>
 <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
 <param-value>
 classpath:meta-inf/applicationcontext.xml
 </param-value>
 </context-param>
 <!-- spring mvc config start-->
 <servlet>
 <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
 <!-- 此处指向的的是springmvc的配置文件 -->
 <param-value>classpath:meta-inf/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
 </init-param>
 <!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->
 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <!-- spring mvc config end-->
 <!-- spring监听器 -->
 <listener>
 <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener</listener-class>
 </listener>
 <!-- 字符集过滤 -->
 <filter>
 <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name>
 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.characterencodingfilter</filter-class>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>encoding</param-name>
 <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
 </init-param>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>forceencoding</param-name>
 <param-value>true</param-value>
 </init-param>
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping>
 <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name>
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

web.xml配置文件中更改了三处：引入spring配置文件 spring的监听器以及字符集过滤

ok，spring+springmvc配置完成，下面我们开始测试：

在service写一个testserviceimpl实现testservice接口并实现其test()方法，代码如下：

package com.ssh.service.impl;
import com.ssh.service.testservice;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/1/2017.12:58 am
 */
@service
public class testserviceimpl implements testservice {
 public string test() {
 return "test";
 }
}

ps:这里注意写@service注解

maincontroller控制器更改如下：

package com.ssh.controller;
import com.ssh.service.testservice;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.responsebody;

/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/1/2017.12:36 am
 */
@controller
public class maincontroller {
 @autowired
 private testservice testservice;
 @requestmapping(value = "test", method = requestmethod.get)
 public string test(){
// 实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
 return "test";
 }
 @requestmapping(value = "springtest", method = requestmethod.get)
 public string springtest(){
 return testservice.test();
 }
}

控制器这里我们运用了spring的依赖注入自动装配。

在浏览器中输入地址调用springtest方法

Java框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

yes，成功返回，说明我们之前的配置没问题

spring+springmvc+hibernate整合

好了，现在就缺hibernate这个框架了。。我先给大家看些我搭建好之后的结构图吧

Java框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

我们想来编写config.properties这个配置文件，里面存放的是hibernate的一些配置

#database connection config
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://?????:3306/ssh?useunicode=true&characterencoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = ???
#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.mysqldialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

这里连接数据库的参数由于我是连接我晚上的数据库，因此我数据库地址和密码打了“？？？”,你们连接时改成自己本地的就ok了

下面配置hibernate，这里我为了方便，就直接写进applicationcontext.xml里面。配置后的applicationcontext.xml如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
 <!--********************************************配置spring***************************************-->
 <!-- 自动扫描 -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
 <!-- 扫描时跳过 @controller 注解的java类（控制器） -->
 <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.controller"/>
 </context:component-scan>
 <!--********************************************配置hibernate********************************************-->
 <!--扫描配置文件(这里指向的是之前配置的那个config.properties)-->
 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/config.properties" />
 <!--配置数据源-->
 <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.combopooleddatasource" destroy-method="close">
 <property name="driverclass" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <!--数据库连接驱动-->
 <property name="jdbcurl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <!--数据库地址-->
 <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <!--用户名-->
 <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <!--密码-->
 <property name="maxpoolsize" value="40" /> <!--最大连接数-->
 <property name="minpoolsize" value="1" /> <!--最小连接数-->
 <property name="initialpoolsize" value="10" /> <!--初始化连接池内的数据库连接-->
 <property name="maxidletime" value="20" /> <!--最大空闲时间-->
 </bean>
 <!--配置session工厂-->
 <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.localsessionfactorybean">
 <property name="datasource" ref="datasource" />
 <property name="packagestoscan" value="com.ssh.entity" />
 <property name="hibernateproperties">
 <props>
 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <!--hibernate根据实体自动生成数据库表-->
 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <!--指定数据库方言-->
 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <!--在控制台显示执行的数据库操作语句-->
 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> <!--在控制台显示执行的数据哭操作语句（格式）-->
 </props>
 </property>
 </bean>
 <!-- 事物管理器配置 -->
 <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.hibernatetransactionmanager">
 <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" />
 </bean>
</beans>

ok，到了这里，配置结束。下面进入测试阶段

实体类（entity)：

package com.ssh.entity;
import lombok.data;
import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/2/2017.2:03 pm
 */
@data
@entity
@table(name = "person")
public class person {
 @id
 @generatedvalue
 private long id;
 @column(name = "created")
 private long created = system.currenttimemillis();
 @column(name = "username")
 private string username;
 @column(name = "address")
 private string address;
 @column(name = "phone")
 private string phone;
 @column(name = "remark")
 private string remark;
}

ps：我这里用了一个@data注解，此注解会自动生成get方法，set方法，tostring方法等一系列方法，功能十分强大，不过需要安装插件以及导包，有兴趣的可以百度下

当然，你也可以手动编写get/set/构造方法。

数据库访问层（repository）:

package com.ssh.repository;
import java.io.serializable;
import java.util.list;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/2/2017.2:28 pm
 */
public interface domainrepository<t,pk extends serializable>{
 t load(pk id);
 t get(pk id);
 list<t> findall();
 void persist(t entity);
 pk save(t entity);
 void saveorupdate(t entity);
 void delete(pk id);
 void flush();
}

package com.ssh.repository;
import com.ssh.entity.person;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/2/2017.2:25 pm
 */
public interface personrepository extends domainrepository<person,long> {
}

package com.ssh.repository.impl;
import com.ssh.repository.personrepository;
import com.ssh.entity.person;
import org.hibernate.session;
import org.hibernate.sessionfactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.repository;
import java.util.list;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/2/2017.2:30 pm
 */
@repository
public class personrepositoryimpl implements personrepository {
 @autowired
 private sessionfactory sessionfactory;
 private session getcurrentsession() {
 return this.sessionfactory.opensession();
 }
 public person load(long id) {
 return (person)getcurrentsession().load(person.class,id);
 }
 public person get(long id) {
 return (person)getcurrentsession().get(person.class,id);
 }
 public list<person> findall() {
 return null;
 }
 public void persist(person entity) {
 getcurrentsession().persist(entity);
 }
 public long save(person entity) {
 return (long)getcurrentsession().save(entity);
 }
 public void saveorupdate(person entity) {
 getcurrentsession().saveorupdate(entity);
 }
 public void delete(long id) {
 person person = load(id);
 getcurrentsession().delete(person);
 }
 public void flush() {
 getcurrentsession().flush();
 }
}

ps:我这里显示写了一个比较通用的接口，其他所有接口皆继承此接口，再编写实现类

注意：我这里写的session产生是调用的sessionfactory的opensession（）这个方法。之前使用getcurrentsession()一直报错，后来百度了一下才知道，hibernate3版本可以使用getcurrentsession()来创建session，而hibernate4版本则不行。

服务层（service）:

package com.ssh.service;
import com.ssh.entity.person;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/2/2017.2:39 pm
 */
public interface personservice {
 long saveperson();
}

package com.ssh.service.impl;
import com.ssh.entity.person;
import com.ssh.repository.personrepository;
import com.ssh.service.personservice;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/2/2017.2:40 pm
 */
@service
public class personserviceimpl implements personservice {
 @autowired
 private personrepository personrepository;
 public long saveperson() {
 person person = new person();
 person.setusername("xrog");
 person.setphone("18381005946");
 person.setaddress("chendu");
 person.setremark("this is xrog");
 return personrepository.save(person);
 }
}

控制层（controller）:

package com.ssh.controller;
import com.ssh.entity.person;
import com.ssh.service.personservice;
import com.ssh.service.testservice;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.responsebody;
/**
 * created by xrog
 * on 2/1/2017.12:36 am
 */
@controller
public class maincontroller {
 @autowired
 private personservice personservice;
 @requestmapping(value = "saveperson", method = requestmethod.get)
 @responsebody
 public string saveperson(){
 personservice.saveperson();
 return "success!";
 }
}

ok，编写完毕，我们重启下服务器然后测试：

Java框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发