Android基于Http协议实现文件上传功能的方法

本文实例讲述了android基于http协议实现文件上传功能的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

注意一般使用http协议上传的文件都比较小，一般是小于2m

这里示例是上传一个小的mp3文件

1.主activity：mainactivity.java

public class mainactivity extends activity
{
  private static final string tag = "mainactivity";
  private edittext timelengthtext;
  private edittext titletext;
  private edittext videotext;
  @override
  public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
  {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.main);
    //提交上传按钮
    button button = (button) this.findviewbyid(r.id.button);
    timelengthtext = (edittext) this.findviewbyid(r.id.timelength);
    videotext = (edittext) this.findviewbyid(r.id.video);
    titletext = (edittext) this.findviewbyid(r.id.title);
    button.setonclicklistener(new view.onclicklistener()
    {
      @override
      public void onclick(view v)
      {
        string title = titletext.gettext().tostring();
        string timelength = timelengthtext.gettext().tostring();
        map<string, string> params = new hashmap<string, string>();
        params.put("method", "save");
        params.put("title", title);
        params.put("timelength", timelength);
        try
        {
          //得到sdcard的目录
          file uploadfile = new file(environment.getexternalstoragedirectory(), videotext.gettext().tostring());
          //上传音频文件
          formfile formfile = new formfile("02.mp3", uploadfile, "video", "audio/mpeg");
          sockethttprequester.post("http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do", params, formfile);
          toast.maketext(mainactivity.this, r.string.success, 1).show();
        }
        catch (exception e)
        {
          toast.maketext(mainactivity.this, r.string.error, 1).show();
          log.e(tag, e.tostring());
        }
      }
    });
  }
}

2.上传工具类，注意里面构造协议字符串需要根据不同的提交表单来处理

public class sockethttprequester
{
  /**
   * 发送xml数据
   * @param path 请求地址
   * @param xml xml数据
   * @param encoding 编码
   * @return
   * @throws exception
   */
  public static byte[] postxml(string path, string xml, string encoding) throws exception{
    byte[] data = xml.getbytes(encoding);
    url url = new url(path);
    httpurlconnection conn = (httpurlconnection)url.openconnection();
    conn.setrequestmethod("post");
    conn.setdooutput(true);
    conn.setrequestproperty("content-type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
    conn.setrequestproperty("content-length", string.valueof(data.length));
    conn.setconnecttimeout(5 * 1000);
    outputstream outstream = conn.getoutputstream();
    outstream.write(data);
    outstream.flush();
    outstream.close();
    if(conn.getresponsecode()==200){
      return readstream(conn.getinputstream());
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * 直接通过http协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
   *  <form method=post action="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="text" name="name">
      <input type="text" name="id">
      <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
      <input type="file" name="zip"/>
     </form>
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，
   *         因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param file 上传文件
   */
  public static boolean post(string path, map<string, string> params, formfile[] files) throws exception
  {
    //数据分隔线
    final string boundary = "---------------------------7da2137580612";
    //数据结束标志"---------------------------7da2137580612--"
    final string endline = "--" + boundary + "--/r/n";
    //下面两个for循环都是为了得到数据长度参数，依据表单的类型而定
    //首先得到文件类型数据的总长度(包括文件分割线)
    int filedatalength = 0;
    for(formfile uploadfile : files)
    {
      stringbuilder fileexplain = new stringbuilder();
      fileexplain.append("--");
      fileexplain.append(boundary);
      fileexplain.append("/r/n");
      fileexplain.append("content-disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadfile.getparametername()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadfile.getfilname() + "/"/r/n");
      fileexplain.append("content-type: "+ uploadfile.getcontenttype()+"/r/n/r/n");
      fileexplain.append("/r/n");
      filedatalength += fileexplain.length();
      if(uploadfile.getinstream()!=null){
        filedatalength += uploadfile.getfile().length();
      }else{
        filedatalength += uploadfile.getdata().length;
      }
    }
    //再构造文本类型参数的实体数据
    stringbuilder textentity = new stringbuilder();
    for (map.entry<string, string> entry : params.entryset())
    {
      textentity.append("--");
      textentity.append(boundary);
      textentity.append("/r/n");
      textentity.append("content-disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getkey() + "/"/r/n/r/n");
      textentity.append(entry.getvalue());
      textentity.append("/r/n");
    }
    //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度(文本总长度+数据总长度+分隔符)
    int datalength = textentity.tostring().getbytes().length + filedatalength + endline.getbytes().length;
    url url = new url(path);
    //默认端口号其实可以不写
    int port = url.getport()==-1 ? 80 : url.getport();
    //建立一个socket链接
    socket socket = new socket(inetaddress.getbyname(url.gethost()), port);
    //获得一个输出流（从android流到web）
    outputstream outstream = socket.getoutputstream();
    //下面完成http请求头的发送
    string requestmethod = "post "+ url.getpath()+" http/1.1/r/n";
    outstream.write(requestmethod.getbytes());
    //构建accept
    string accept = "accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n";
    outstream.write(accept.getbytes());
    //构建language
    string language = "accept-language: zh-cn/r/n";
    outstream.write(language.getbytes());
    //构建contenttype
    string contenttype = "content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ boundary+ "/r/n";
    outstream.write(contenttype.getbytes());
    //构建contentlength
    string contentlength = "content-length: "+ datalength + "/r/n";
    outstream.write(contentlength.getbytes());
    //构建alive
    string alive = "connection: keep-alive/r/n";
    outstream.write(alive.getbytes());
    //构建host
    string host = "host: "+ url.gethost() +":"+ port +"/r/n";
    outstream.write(host.getbytes());
    //写完http请求头后根据http协议再写一个回车换行
    outstream.write("/r/n".getbytes());
    //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
    outstream.write(textentity.tostring().getbytes());
    //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
    for(formfile uploadfile : files)
    {
      stringbuilder fileentity = new stringbuilder();
      fileentity.append("--");
      fileentity.append(boundary);
      fileentity.append("/r/n");
      fileentity.append("content-disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadfile.getparametername()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadfile.getfilname() + "/"/r/n");
      fileentity.append("content-type: "+ uploadfile.getcontenttype()+"/r/n/r/n");
      outstream.write(fileentity.tostring().getbytes());
      //边读边写
      if(uploadfile.getinstream()!=null)
      {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while((len = uploadfile.getinstream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1)
        {
          outstream.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        uploadfile.getinstream().close();
      }
      else
      {
        outstream.write(uploadfile.getdata(), 0, uploadfile.getdata().length);
      }
      outstream.write("/r/n".getbytes());
    }
    //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
    outstream.write(endline.getbytes());
    bufferedreader reader = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(socket.getinputstream()));
    //读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
    if(reader.readline().indexof("200")==-1)
    {
      return false;
    }
    outstream.flush();
    outstream.close();
    reader.close();
    socket.close();
    return true;
  }
  /**
   * 提交数据到服务器
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param file 上传文件
   */
  public static boolean post(string path, map<string, string> params, formfile file) throws exception
  {
    return post(path, params, new formfile[]{file});
  }
  /**
   * 提交数据到服务器
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param encode 编码
   */
  public static byte[] postfromhttpclient(string path, map<string, string> params, string encode) throws exception
  {
    //用于存放请求参数
    list<namevaluepair> formparams = new arraylist<namevaluepair>();
    for(map.entry<string, string> entry : params.entryset())
    {
      formparams.add(new basicnamevaluepair(entry.getkey(), entry.getvalue()));
    }
    urlencodedformentity entity = new urlencodedformentity(formparams, encode);
    httppost httppost = new httppost(path);
    httppost.setentity(entity);
    //看作是浏览器
    httpclient httpclient = new defaulthttpclient();
    //发送post请求
    httpresponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
    return readstream(response.getentity().getcontent());
  }
  /**
   * 发送请求
   * @param path 请求路径
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值
   * @param encode 请求参数的编码
   */
  public static byte[] post(string path, map<string, string> params, string encode) throws exception
  {
    //string params = "method=save&name="+ urlencoder.encode("老毕", "utf-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数
    stringbuilder parambuilder = new stringbuilder("");
    if(params!=null && !params.isempty())
    {
      for(map.entry<string, string> entry : params.entryset())
      {
        parambuilder.append(entry.getkey()).append("=")
          .append(urlencoder.encode(entry.getvalue(), encode)).append("&");
      }
      parambuilder.deletecharat(parambuilder.length()-1);
    }
    byte[] data = parambuilder.tostring().getbytes();
    url url = new url(path);
    httpurlconnection conn = (httpurlconnection)url.openconnection();
    //设置允许对外发送请求参数
    conn.setdooutput(true);
    //设置不进行缓存
    conn.setusecaches(false);
    conn.setconnecttimeout(5 * 1000);
    conn.setrequestmethod("post");
    //下面设置http请求头
    conn.setrequestproperty("accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
    conn.setrequestproperty("accept-language", "zh-cn");
    conn.setrequestproperty("user-agent", "mozilla/4.0 (compatible; msie 8.0; windows nt 5.2; trident/4.0; .net clr 1.1.4322; .net clr 2.0.50727; .net clr 3.0.04506.30; .net clr 3.0.4506.2152; .net clr 3.5.30729)");
    conn.setrequestproperty("content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    conn.setrequestproperty("content-length", string.valueof(data.length));
    conn.setrequestproperty("connection", "keep-alive");
    //发送参数
    dataoutputstream outstream = new dataoutputstream(conn.getoutputstream());
    outstream.write(data);//把参数发送出去
    outstream.flush();
    outstream.close();
    if(conn.getresponsecode()==200)
    {
      return readstream(conn.getinputstream());
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * 读取流
   * @param instream
   * @return 字节数组
   * @throws exception
   */
  public static byte[] readstream(inputstream instream) throws exception
  {
    bytearrayoutputstream outsteam = new bytearrayoutputstream();
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len = -1;
    while( (len=instream.read(buffer)) != -1)
    {
      outsteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
    }
    outsteam.close();
    instream.close();
    return outsteam.tobytearray();
  }
}
public class streamtool
{
  /**
   * 从输入流读取数据
   * @param instream
   * @return
   * @throws exception
   */
  public static byte[] readinputstream(inputstream instream) throws exception{
    bytearrayoutputstream outsteam = new bytearrayoutputstream();
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len = 0;
    while( (len = instream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
      outsteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
    }
    outsteam.close();
    instream.close();
    return outsteam.tobytearray();
  }
}
/**
 * 使用javabean封装上传文件数据
 *
 */
public class formfile
{
  //上传文件的数据
  private byte[] data;
  private inputstream instream;
  private file file;
  //文件名称
  private string filname;
  //请求参数名称
  private string parametername;
  //内容类型
  private string contenttype = "application/octet-stream";
  /**
   * 上传小文件，把文件数据先读入内存
   * @param filname
   * @param data
   * @param parametername
   * @param contenttype
   */
  public formfile(string filname, byte[] data, string parametername, string contenttype)
  {
    this.data = data;
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parametername = parametername;
    if(contenttype!=null) this.contenttype = contenttype;
  }
  /**
   * 上传大文件，一边读文件数据一边上传
   * @param filname
   * @param file
   * @param parametername
   * @param contenttype
   */
  public formfile(string filname, file file, string parametername, string contenttype)
  {
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parametername = parametername;
    this.file = file;
    try
    {
      this.instream = new fileinputstream(file);
    }
    catch (filenotfoundexception e)
    {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    if(contenttype!=null) this.contenttype = contenttype;
  }
  public file getfile()
  {
    return file;
  }
  public inputstream getinstream()
  {
    return instream;
  }
  public byte[] getdata()
  {
    return data;
  }
  public string getfilname()
  {
    return filname;
  }
  public void setfilname(string filname)
  {
    this.filname = filname;
  }
  public string getparametername()
  {
    return parametername;
  }
  public void setparametername(string parametername)
  {
    this.parametername = parametername;
  }
  public string getcontenttype()
  {
    return contenttype;
  }
  public void setcontenttype(string contenttype)
  {
    this.contenttype = contenttype;
  }
}

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