Java图像处理工具类

本工具类的功能：缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等

package net.kitbox.util;
import java.awt.alphacomposite;
import java.awt.color;
import java.awt.font;
import java.awt.graphics;
import java.awt.graphics2d;
import java.awt.image;
import java.awt.renderinghints;
import java.awt.toolkit;
import java.awt.color.colorspace;
import java.awt.image.bufferedimage;
import java.awt.image.colorconvertop;
import java.awt.image.cropimagefilter;
import java.awt.image.filteredimagesource;
import java.awt.image.imagefilter;
import java.awt.image.imagingopexception;
import java.io.file;
import java.io.fileoutputstream;
import java.io.ioexception;
import javax.imageio.imageio;
/**
 * author:lldy
 * time:2012-5-6下午6:37:18
 * 图片处理工具类：<br>
 * 功能：缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等
 */
public class imageutils {
    /**
     * 相对于图片的位置
     */
    private static final int position_upperleft=0;
    private static final int position_upperright=10;
    private static final int position_lowerleft=1;
    private static final int position_lowerright=11;
    /**
     * 几种常见的图片格式
     */
    public static string image_type_gif = "gif";// 图形交换格式
    public static string image_type_jpg = "jpg";// 联合照片专家组
    public static string image_type_jpeg = "jpeg";// 联合照片专家组
    public static string image_type_bmp = "bmp";// 英文bitmap（位图）的简写，它是windows操作系统中的标准图像文件格式
    public static string image_type_png = "png";// 可移植网络图形
    private static imageutils instance;
    private imageutils() {
        instance = this;
    }
    /**
     * 获取实例
     * @return
     */
    public static imageutils getinstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new imageutils();
        }
        return instance;
    }
    public  bufferedimage image2bufferedimage(image image){
        system.out.println(image.getwidth(null));
        system.out.println(image.getheight(null));
        bufferedimage bufferedimage = new bufferedimage(image.getwidth(null), image.getheight(null), bufferedimage.type_int_argb);
        graphics2d g = bufferedimage.creategraphics();
        g.drawimage(image, null, null);
        g.dispose();
        system.out.println(bufferedimage.getwidth());
        system.out.println(bufferedimage.getheight());
        return bufferedimage;
    }
    /**
     * 缩放并转换格式后保存
     * @param srcpath源路径
     * @param destpath目标路径
     * @param width：目标宽
     * @param height：目标高
     * @param format：文件格式
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean scaletofile(string srcpath, string destpath, int width,  int height,string format) {
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            file file = new file(srcpath);
            file destfile = new file(destpath);
            if (!destfile.getparentfile().exists()) {
                destfile.getparentfile().mkdir();
            }
            bufferedimage src = imageio.read(file); // 读入文件
            image image = src.getscaledinstance(width, height, image.scale_default);
            bufferedimage tag = new bufferedimage(width, height, bufferedimage.type_int_rgb);
            graphics g = tag.getgraphics();
            g.drawimage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.dispose();
            flag = imageio.write(tag, format, new fileoutputstream(destfile));// 输出到文件流
        } catch (ioexception e) {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
        return flag;
    }
    /**
     * 缩放image，此方法返回源图像按百分比缩放后的图像
     * @param inputimage
     * @param percentage 百分比 允许的输入0<percentage<10000
     * @return
     */
    public static bufferedimage scalebypercentage(bufferedimage inputimage,int percentage){
        //允许百分比
        if(0>percentage||percentage>10000){
            throw new imagingopexception("error::不合法的参数:percentage->"+percentage+",percentage应该大于0~小于10000");
        }      
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputimage.getcolormodel().gettransparency();
        //获取目标图像大小
        int w=inputimage.getwidth()*percentage;
        int h=inputimage.getheight()*percentage;
        //开启抗锯齿
        renderinghints renderinghints=new renderinghints(renderinghints.key_interpolation,
                renderinghints.value_antialias_on);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderinghints.put(renderinghints.key_interpolation, renderinghints.value_render_quality);
        bufferedimage img = new bufferedimage(w, h, type);
        graphics2d graphics2d =img.creategraphics();
        graphics2d.setrenderinghints(renderinghints);       
        graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, w, h, 0, 0, inputimage
                .getwidth(), inputimage.getheight(), null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
        /*此代码将返回image类型
        return inputimage.getscaledinstance(inputimage.getwidth()*percentage,
                inputimage.getheight()*percentage, image.scale_smooth);
        */
    }
    /**
     * 缩放image，此方法返回源图像按给定最大宽度限制下按比例缩放后的图像
     * @param inputimage
     * @param maxwidth：压缩后允许的最大宽度
     * @param maxheight：压缩后允许的最大高度
     * @throws java.io.ioexception
     * return
     */
    public static bufferedimage scalebypixelrate(bufferedimage inputimage, int maxwidth, int maxheight) throws exception {
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputimage.getcolormodel().gettransparency();
        int width = inputimage.getwidth();
        int height = inputimage.getheight();
        int newwidth = maxwidth;
        int newheight =maxheight;
        //如果指定最大宽度超过比例
        if(width*maxheight<height*maxwidth){
            newwidth=(int)(newheight*width/height) ;
        }
        //如果指定最大高度超过比例
        if(width*maxheight>height*maxwidth){
            newheight=(int)(newwidth*height/width);
        }
        //开启抗锯齿
        renderinghints renderinghints=new renderinghints(renderinghints.key_interpolation,
                renderinghints.value_antialias_on);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderinghints.put(renderinghints.key_interpolation, renderinghints.value_render_quality);
        bufferedimage img = new bufferedimage(newwidth, newheight, type);
        graphics2d graphics2d =img.creategraphics();
        graphics2d.setrenderinghints(renderinghints);       
        graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, newwidth, newheight, 0, 0, width, height, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 缩放image，此方法返回源图像按给定宽度、高度限制下缩放后的图像
     * @param inputimage
     * @param maxwidth：压缩后宽度
     * @param maxheight：压缩后高度
     * @throws java.io.ioexception
     * return
     */
    public static bufferedimage scalebypixel(bufferedimage inputimage, int newwidth, int newheight) throws exception {
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputimage.getcolormodel().gettransparency();
        int width = inputimage.getwidth();
        int height = inputimage.getheight();
        //开启抗锯齿
        renderinghints renderinghints=new renderinghints(renderinghints.key_antialiasing,
                renderinghints.value_antialias_on);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderinghints.put(renderinghints.key_rendering, renderinghints.value_render_quality);
        bufferedimage img = new bufferedimage(newwidth, newheight, type);
        graphics2d graphics2d =img.creategraphics();
        graphics2d.setrenderinghints(renderinghints);       
        graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, newwidth, newheight, 0, 0, width, height, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 切割图像，返回指定范围的图像
     * @param inputimage
     * @param x 起点横坐标
     * @param y 起点纵坐标
     * @param width 切割图片宽度:如果宽度超出图片，将改为图片自x剩余宽度
     * @param height 切割图片高度：如果高度超出图片，将改为图片自y剩余高度
     * @param fill 指定目标图像大小超出时是否补白，如果true，则表示补白；false表示不补白，此时将重置目标图像大小
     * @return
     */
    public static bufferedimage cut(bufferedimage inputimage,int x,int y,int width,int height,boolean fill){
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputimage.getcolormodel().gettransparency();
        int w = inputimage.getwidth();
        int h = inputimage.getheight();
        int endx=x+width;
        int endy=y+height;
        if(x>w)
            throw new imagingopexception("起点横坐标超出源图像范围");
        if(y>h)
            throw new imagingopexception("起点纵坐标超出源图像范围");
        bufferedimage img;
        //补白
        if(fill){
            img = new bufferedimage(width, height, type);
            //宽度超出限制
            if((w-x)<width){
                width=w-x;
                endx=w;
            }
            //高度超出限制
            if((h-y)<height){
                height=h-y;
                endy=h;
            }
        //不补
        }else{
            //宽度超出限制
            if((w-x)<width){
                width=w-x;
                endx=w;
            }
            //高度超出限制
            if((h-y)<height){
                height=h-y;
                endy=h;
            }
            img = new bufferedimage(width, height, type); 
        }
        //开启抗锯齿
        renderinghints renderinghints=new renderinghints(renderinghints.key_interpolation,
                renderinghints.value_antialias_on);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderinghints.put(renderinghints.key_interpolation, renderinghints.value_render_quality);
        graphics2d graphics2d =img.creategraphics();
        graphics2d.setrenderinghints(renderinghints);       
        graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, width, height, x, y, endx, endy, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 切割图像，返回指定起点位置指定大小图像
     * @param inputimage
     * @param startpoint 起点位置：左上：0、右上:10、左下:1、右下:11
     * @param width 切割图片宽度
     * @param height 切割图片高度
     * @param fill 指定目标图像大小超出时是否补白，如果true，则表示补白；false表示不补白，此时将重置目标图像大小
     * @return
     */
    public static bufferedimage cut(bufferedimage inputimage,int startpoint,int width,int height,boolean fill){
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputimage.getcolormodel().gettransparency();
        int w = inputimage.getwidth();
        int h = inputimage.getheight();
        bufferedimage img;
        //补白
        if(fill){
            img = new bufferedimage(width, height, type);
            if(width>w)
                width=w;
            if(height>h)
                height=h;
        //不补
        }else{
            if(width>w)
                width=w;
            if(height>h)
                height=h;
            img = new bufferedimage(width, height, type);
        }
        //开启抗锯齿
        renderinghints renderinghints=new renderinghints(renderinghints.key_interpolation,
                renderinghints.value_antialias_on);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderinghints.put(renderinghints.key_interpolation, renderinghints.value_render_quality);      
        graphics2d graphics2d =img.creategraphics();
        graphics2d.setrenderinghints(renderinghints);
        switch(startpoint){
                //右上
            case position_upperright:
                graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, w-width, 0, w, height, 0, 0, width, height, null);
                break;
                //左下
            case position_lowerleft:
                graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, h-height, width, h, 0, 0, width, height, null);  
                break;
                //右下
            case position_lowerright:
                graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, w-width, h-height, w, h, 0, 0, width, height, null);
                break;
                //默认左上
            case position_upperleft:
            default:
                graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, null);
        }
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 以指定角度旋转图片：使用正角度 theta 进行旋转，可将正 x 轴上的点转向正 y 轴。
     * @param inputimage
     * @param degree 角度:以度数为单位
     * @return
     */
    public static bufferedimage rotateimage(final bufferedimage inputimage,
            final int degree) {
        int w = inputimage.getwidth();
        int h = inputimage.getheight();
        int type = inputimage.getcolormodel().gettransparency();
        bufferedimage img=new bufferedimage(w, h, type);
        graphics2d graphics2d =img.creategraphics();
        //开启抗锯齿
        renderinghints renderinghints=new renderinghints(renderinghints.key_interpolation,
                renderinghints.value_antialias_on);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderinghints.put(renderinghints.key_interpolation, renderinghints.value_render_quality);
        graphics2d.setrenderinghints(renderinghints);
        graphics2d.rotate(math.toradians(degree), w / 2, h / 2);
        graphics2d.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 水平翻转图像
     *
     * @param bufferedimage 目标图像
     * @return
     */
    public static bufferedimage fliphorizontalimage(final bufferedimage inputimage) {
        int w = inputimage.getwidth();
        int h = inputimage.getheight();
        bufferedimage img;
        graphics2d graphics2d;
        (graphics2d = (img = new bufferedimage(w, h, inputimage
                .getcolormodel().gettransparency())).creategraphics())
                .drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, w, h, w, 0, 0, h, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 竖直翻转图像
     *
     * @param bufferedimage 目标图像
     * @return
     */
    public static bufferedimage flipverticalimage(final bufferedimage inputimage) {
        int w = inputimage.getwidth();
        int h = inputimage.getheight();
        bufferedimage img;
        graphics2d graphics2d;
        (graphics2d = (img = new bufferedimage(w, h, inputimage
                .getcolormodel().gettransparency())).creategraphics())
                .drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, w, h, 0, h, w, 0, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }  
    /**
     * 图片水印
     *
     * @param inputimage
     *            待处理图像
     * @param markimage
     *            水印图像
     * @param x
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 x 坐标值
     * @param y
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 y 坐标值
     * @param alpha
     *            水印透明度 0.1f ~ 1.0f
     * */
    public static bufferedimage watermark(bufferedimage inputimage,bufferedimage markimage, int x, int y,
                    float alpha) {
            bufferedimage image = new bufferedimage(inputimage.getwidth(), inputimage
                            .getheight(), bufferedimage.type_int_argb);
            graphics2d g = image.creategraphics();
            g.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, null);
            // 加载水印图像
            g.setcomposite(alphacomposite.getinstance(alphacomposite.src_atop,
                            alpha));
            g.drawimage(markimage, x, y, null);
            g.dispose();
            return image;
    }
    /**
     * 文字水印
     *
     * @param inputimage
     *            待处理图像
     * @param text
     *            水印文字
     * @param font
     *            水印字体信息
     * @param color
     *            水印字体颜色
     * @param x
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 x 坐标值
     * @param y
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 y 坐标值
     * @param alpha
     *            水印透明度 0.1f ~ 1.0f
     */
    public static bufferedimage textmark(bufferedimage inputimage, string text, font font,
                    color color, int x, int y, float alpha) {
            font dfont = (font == null) ? new font("宋体", 20, 13) : font;
            bufferedimage image = new bufferedimage(inputimage.getwidth(), inputimage
                            .getheight(), bufferedimage.type_int_argb);
            graphics2d g = image.creategraphics();
            g.drawimage(inputimage, 0, 0, null);
            g.setcolor(color);
            g.setfont(dfont);
            g.setcomposite(alphacomposite.getinstance(alphacomposite.src_atop,
                            alpha));
            g.drawstring(text, x, y);
            g.dispose();
            return image;
    } 
    /**
     * 图像彩色转黑白色
     * @param inputimage
     * @return 转换后的bufferedimage
     */
    public final static bufferedimage togray(bufferedimage inputimage)
    {
            colorspace cs = colorspace.getinstance(colorspace.cs_gray);
            //对源 bufferedimage 进行颜色转换。如果目标图像为 null，
            //则根据适当的 colormodel 创建 bufferedimage。
            colorconvertop op = new colorconvertop(cs, null);
            return op.filter(inputimage, null);
    }
    /**
     * 图像彩色转为黑白
     * @param srcimagefile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destimagefile
     *            目标图像地址
     * @param formattype
     *              目标图像格式：如果formattype为null;将默认转换为png
     */
    public final static void togray(string srcimagefile, string destimagefile,string formattype)
    {
        try
        {
            bufferedimage src = imageio.read(new file(srcimagefile));
            colorspace cs = colorspace.getinstance(colorspace.cs_gray);
            colorconvertop op = new colorconvertop(cs, null);
            src = op.filter(src, null);
            //如果formattype为null;将默认转换为png
            if(formattype==null){
                formattype="png";
            }
            imageio.write(src,formattype,new file(destimagefile));
        } catch (ioexception e)
        {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 图像类型转换：gif->jpg、gif->png、png->jpg、png->gif(x)、bmp->png
     *
     * @param inputimage
     *            源图像地址
     * @param formattype
     *            包含格式非正式名称的 string：如jpg、jpeg、gif等
     * @param destimagefile
     *            目标图像地址
     */
    public final static void convert(bufferedimage inputimage, string formattype,string destimagefile)
    {
        try
        {
            imageio.write(inputimage, formattype, new file(destimagefile));
        } catch (exception e)
        {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 图像切割（指定切片的行数和列数）
     *
     * @param srcimagefile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destdir
     *            切片目标文件夹
     * @param formattype
     *              目标格式
     * @param rows
     *            目标切片行数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
     * @param cols
     *            目标切片列数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
     */
    public final static void cut(bufferedimage inputimage, string destdir,
            string formattype,int rows, int cols)
    {
        try
        {
            if (rows <= 0 || rows > 20)
                rows = 2; // 切片行数
            if (cols <= 0 || cols > 20)
                cols = 2; // 切片列数
            // 读取源图像
            //bufferedimage bi = imageio.read(new file(srcimagefile));
            int w = inputimage.getheight(); // 源图宽度
            int h = inputimage.getwidth(); // 源图高度
            if (w > 0 && h > 0)
            {
                image img;
                imagefilter cropfilter;
                image image = inputimage.getscaledinstance(w, h,
                        image.scale_default);
                int destwidth = w; // 每张切片的宽度
                int destheight = h; // 每张切片的高度
                // 计算切片的宽度和高度
                if (w % cols == 0)
                {
                    destwidth = w / cols;
                } else
                {
                    destwidth = (int) math.floor(w / cols) + 1;
                }
                if (h % rows == 0)
                {
                    destheight = h / rows;
                } else
                {
                    destheight = (int) math.floor(h / rows) + 1;
                }
                // 循环建立切片
                // 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度
                for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
                    {
                        // 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
                        // 即: cropimagefilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
                        cropfilter = new cropimagefilter(j * destwidth, i
                                * destheight, destwidth, destheight);
                        img = toolkit.getdefaulttoolkit().createimage(
                                new filteredimagesource(image.getsource(),
                                        cropfilter));
                        bufferedimage tag = new bufferedimage(destwidth,
                                destheight, bufferedimage.type_int_argb);
                        graphics g = tag.getgraphics();
                        g.drawimage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
                        g.dispose();
                        // 输出为文件
                        imageio.write(tag, formattype, new file(destdir + "_r" + i
                                + "_c" + j + "."+formattype.tolowercase()));
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (exception e)
        {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 给图片添加文字水印
     *
     * @param presstext
     *            水印文字
     * @param srcimagefile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destimagefile
     *            目标图像地址
     * @param fontname
     *            水印的字体名称
     * @param fontstyle
     *            水印的字体样式
     * @param color
     *            水印的字体颜色
     * @param fontsize
     *            水印的字体大小
     * @param x
     *            修正值
     * @param y
     *            修正值
     * @param alpha
     *            透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
     * @param formattype
     *              目标格式
     */
    public final static void presstext(string presstext, string srcimagefile,
            string destimagefile, string fontname, int fontstyle, color color,
            int fontsize, int x, int y, float alpha,string formattype)
    {
        try
        {
            file img = new file(srcimagefile);
            image src = imageio.read(img);
            int width = src.getwidth(null);
            int height = src.getheight(null);
            bufferedimage image = new bufferedimage(width, height,
                    bufferedimage.type_int_argb);
            graphics2d g = image.creategraphics();
            g.drawimage(src, 0, 0, width, height, null);
            g.setcolor(color);
            g.setfont(new font(fontname, fontstyle, fontsize));
            g.setcomposite(alphacomposite.getinstance(alphacomposite.src_atop,
                    alpha));
            // 在指定坐标绘制水印文字
            g.drawstring(presstext, (width - (getlength(presstext) * fontsize))
                    / 2 + x, (height - fontsize) / 2 + y);
            g.dispose();
            imageio.write((bufferedimage) image, formattype,
                    new file(destimagefile));// 输出到文件流
        } catch (exception e)
        {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 给图片添加图片水印
     *
     * @param pressimg
     *            水印图片
     * @param srcimagefile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destimagefile
     *            目标图像地址
     * @param x
     *            修正值。 默认在中间
     * @param y
     *            修正值。 默认在中间
     * @param alpha
     *            透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
     * @param formattype
     *              目标格式
     */
    public final static void pressimage(string pressimg, string srcimagefile,
            string destimagefile, int x, int y, float alpha,string formattype)
    {
        try
        {
            file img = new file(srcimagefile);
            image src = imageio.read(img);
            int wideth = src.getwidth(null);
            int height = src.getheight(null);
            bufferedimage image = new bufferedimage(wideth, height,
                    bufferedimage.type_int_argb);
            graphics2d g = image.creategraphics();
            g.drawimage(src, 0, 0, wideth, height, null);
            // 水印文件
            image src_biao = imageio.read(new file(pressimg));
            int wideth_biao = src_biao.getwidth(null);
            int height_biao = src_biao.getheight(null);
            g.setcomposite(alphacomposite.getinstance(alphacomposite.src_atop,
                    alpha));
            g.drawimage(src_biao, (wideth - wideth_biao) / 2,
                    (height - height_biao) / 2, wideth_biao, height_biao, null);
            // 水印文件结束
            g.dispose();
            imageio.write((bufferedimage) image, formattype,
                    new file(destimagefile));
        } catch (exception e)
        {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 计算text的长度（一个中文算两个字符）
     *
     * @param text
     * @return
     */
    public final static int getlength(string text)
    {
        int length = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++)
        {
            if (new string(text.charat(i) + "").getbytes().length > 1)
            {
                length += 2;
            } else
            {
                length += 1;
            }
        }
        return length / 2;
    }
}

非常实用的图像处理功能，希望大家能够喜欢。