Android实现上传文件到服务器实例详解

本实例实现每隔5秒上传一次，通过服务器端获取手机上传过来的文件信息并做相应处理；采用android+struts2技术。

一、android端实现文件上传
1)、新建一个android项目命名为androidupload，目录结构如下：

2)、新建formfile类，用来封装文件信息

package com.ljq.utils;

import java.io.file;
import java.io.fileinputstream;
import java.io.filenotfoundexception;
import java.io.inputstream;

/**
 * 上传文件
 */
public class formfile {
  /* 上传文件的数据 */
  private byte[] data;
  private inputstream instream;
  private file file;
  /* 文件名称 */
  private string filname;
  /* 请求参数名称*/
  private string parametername;
  /* 内容类型 */
  private string contenttype = "application/octet-stream";
  
  public formfile(string filname, byte[] data, string parametername, string contenttype) {
    this.data = data;
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parametername = parametername;
    if(contenttype!=null) this.contenttype = contenttype;
  }
  
  public formfile(string filname, file file, string parametername, string contenttype) {
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parametername = parametername;
    this.file = file;
    try {
      this.instream = new fileinputstream(file);
    } catch (filenotfoundexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    if(contenttype!=null) this.contenttype = contenttype;
  }
  
  public file getfile() {
    return file;
  }

  public inputstream getinstream() {
    return instream;
  }

  public byte[] getdata() {
    return data;
  }

  public string getfilname() {
    return filname;
  }

  public void setfilname(string filname) {
    this.filname = filname;
  }

  public string getparametername() {
    return parametername;
  }

  public void setparametername(string parametername) {
    this.parametername = parametername;
  }

  public string getcontenttype() {
    return contenttype;
  }

  public void setcontenttype(string contenttype) {
    this.contenttype = contenttype;
  }
  
}

3）、新建sockethttprequester类，封装上传文件到服务器代码

package com.ljq.utils;

import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;
import java.io.outputstream;
import java.net.inetaddress;
import java.net.socket;
import java.net.url;
import java.util.map;

/**
 * 上传文件到服务器
 * 
 * @author administrator
 *
 */
public class sockethttprequester {
  /**
   * 直接通过http协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
   *  <form method=post action="http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/servlet/uploadservlet" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="text" name="name">
      <input type="text" name="id">
      <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
      <input type="file" name="zip"/>
     </form>
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.iteye.cn或http://192.168.1.101:8083这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param file 上传文件
   */
  public static boolean post(string path, map<string, string> params, formfile[] files) throws exception{   
    final string boundary = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
    final string endline = "--" + boundary + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志
    
    int filedatalength = 0;
    for(formfile uploadfile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
      stringbuilder fileexplain = new stringbuilder();
       fileexplain.append("--");
       fileexplain.append(boundary);
       fileexplain.append("\r\n");
       fileexplain.append("content-disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadfile.getparametername()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadfile.getfilname() + "\"\r\n");
       fileexplain.append("content-type: "+ uploadfile.getcontenttype()+"\r\n\r\n");
       fileexplain.append("\r\n");
       filedatalength += fileexplain.length();
      if(uploadfile.getinstream()!=null){
        filedatalength += uploadfile.getfile().length();
       }else{
         filedatalength += uploadfile.getdata().length;
       }
    }
    stringbuilder textentity = new stringbuilder();
    for (map.entry<string, string> entry : params.entryset()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
      textentity.append("--");
      textentity.append(boundary);
      textentity.append("\r\n");
      textentity.append("content-disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getkey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
      textentity.append(entry.getvalue());
      textentity.append("\r\n");
    }
    //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
    int datalength = textentity.tostring().getbytes().length + filedatalength + endline.getbytes().length;
    
    url url = new url(path);
    int port = url.getport()==-1 ? 80 : url.getport();
    socket socket = new socket(inetaddress.getbyname(url.gethost()), port);      
    outputstream outstream = socket.getoutputstream();
    //下面完成http请求头的发送
    string requestmethod = "post "+ url.getpath()+" http/1.1\r\n";
    outstream.write(requestmethod.getbytes());
    string accept = "accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
    outstream.write(accept.getbytes());
    string language = "accept-language: zh-cn\r\n";
    outstream.write(language.getbytes());
    string contenttype = "content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ boundary+ "\r\n";
    outstream.write(contenttype.getbytes());
    string contentlength = "content-length: "+ datalength + "\r\n";
    outstream.write(contentlength.getbytes());
    string alive = "connection: keep-alive\r\n";
    outstream.write(alive.getbytes());
    string host = "host: "+ url.gethost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
    outstream.write(host.getbytes());
    //写完http请求头后根据http协议再写一个回车换行
    outstream.write("\r\n".getbytes());
    //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
    outstream.write(textentity.tostring().getbytes());      
    //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
    for(formfile uploadfile : files){
      stringbuilder fileentity = new stringbuilder();
       fileentity.append("--");
       fileentity.append(boundary);
       fileentity.append("\r\n");
       fileentity.append("content-disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadfile.getparametername()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadfile.getfilname() + "\"\r\n");
       fileentity.append("content-type: "+ uploadfile.getcontenttype()+"\r\n\r\n");
       outstream.write(fileentity.tostring().getbytes());
       if(uploadfile.getinstream()!=null){
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int len = 0;
         while((len = uploadfile.getinstream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
           outstream.write(buffer, 0, len);
         }
         uploadfile.getinstream().close();
       }else{
         outstream.write(uploadfile.getdata(), 0, uploadfile.getdata().length);
       }
       outstream.write("\r\n".getbytes());
    }
    //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
    outstream.write(endline.getbytes());
    
    bufferedreader reader = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(socket.getinputstream()));
    if(reader.readline().indexof("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
      return false;
    }
    outstream.flush();
    outstream.close();
    reader.close();
    socket.close();
    return true;
  }
  
  /**
   * 提交数据到服务器
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param file 上传文件
   */
  public static boolean post(string path, map<string, string> params, formfile file) throws exception{
    return post(path, params, new formfile[]{file});
  }
}

4)、新建mainactivity类，实现每隔5秒上传一次

package com.ljq.activity;

import java.io.file;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.map;

import android.app.activity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.os.environment;
import android.os.handler;
import android.util.log;

import com.ljq.utils.formfile;
import com.ljq.utils.sockethttprequester;

public class mainactivity extends activity {
  private file file;
  private handler handler;
  private static final string tag="mainactivity";

  @override
  public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.main);
    log.i(tag, "oncreate");
    
    file = new file(environment.getexternalstoragedirectory(), "123.rmvb");
    log.i(tag, "照片文件是否存在："+file);
    handler=new handler();
    handler.post(runnable);
  }
  
  runnable runnable=new runnable() {
  
    public void run() {
      log.i(tag, "runnable run");
      uploadfile(file);
      handler.postdelayed(runnable, 5000);
    }
  
  };
  
  /**
   * 上传图片到服务器
   * 
   * @param imagefile 包含路径
   */
  public void uploadfile(file imagefile) {
    log.i(tag, "upload start");
    try {
      string requesturl = "http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/upload/execute.do";
      //请求普通信息
      map<string, string> params = new hashmap<string, string>();
      params.put("username", "张三");
      params.put("pwd", "zhangsan");
      params.put("age", "21");
      params.put("filename", imagefile.getname());
      //上传文件
      formfile formfile = new formfile(imagefile.getname(), imagefile, "image", "application/octet-stream");
      
      sockethttprequester.post(requesturl, params, formfile);
      log.i(tag, "upload success");
    } catch (exception e) {
      log.i(tag, "upload error");
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    log.i(tag, "upload end");
  }
}

5)、修改清单文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.ljq.activity"
   android:versioncode="1"
   android:versionname="1.0">
  <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
    <activity android:name=".mainactivity"
         android:label="@string/app_name">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.main" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.launcher" />
      </intent-filter>
    </activity>

  </application>
  <uses-sdk android:minsdkversion="4" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.internet" /> 

</manifest> 

启动模拟器，运行如下：

二、服务器端用来获取android端上传过来的文件信息

1)、新建一个web项目命名为upload，目录结构如下

注意：记得加入struts2 jar包，需加入的jar如下

2)、新建action类，命名为uploadaction，内容如下

package com.ljq.action;

import java.io.file;
import java.io.fileinputstream;
import java.io.fileoutputstream;
import java.io.ioexception;

import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;

import org.apache.struts2.servletactioncontext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.actionsupport;

/**
 * 获取android端上传过来的信息
 * 
 * @author administrator
 *
 */
@suppresswarnings("serial")
public class uploadaction extends actionsupport {
  // 上传文件域
  private file image;
  // 上传文件类型
  private string imagecontenttype;
  // 封装上传文件名
  private string imagefilename;
  // 接受依赖注入的属性
  private string savepath;

  @override
  public string execute() {
    httpservletrequest request=servletactioncontext.getrequest();
    fileoutputstream fos = null;
    fileinputstream fis = null;
    try {
      system.out.println("获取android端传过来的普通信息：");
      system.out.println("用户名："+request.getparameter("username"));
      system.out.println("密码："+request.getparameter("pwd"));
      system.out.println("年龄："+request.getparameter("age"));
      system.out.println("文件名："+request.getparameter("filename"));
      system.out.println("获取android端传过来的文件信息：");
      system.out.println("文件存放目录: "+getsavepath());
      system.out.println("文件名称: "+imagefilename);
      system.out.println("文件大小: "+image.length());
      system.out.println("文件类型: "+imagecontenttype);
      
      fos = new fileoutputstream(getsavepath() + "/" + getimagefilename());
      fis = new fileinputstream(getimage());
      byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
      int len = 0;
      while ((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
        fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
      }
      system.out.println("文件上传成功");
    } catch (exception e) {
      system.out.println("文件上传失败");
      e.printstacktrace();
    } finally {
      close(fos, fis);
    }
    return success;
  }

  /**
   * 文件存放目录
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public string getsavepath() throws exception{
    return servletactioncontext.getservletcontext().getrealpath(savepath); 
  }

  public void setsavepath(string savepath) {
    this.savepath = savepath;
  }

  public file getimage() {
    return image;
  }

  public void setimage(file image) {
    this.image = image;
  }

  public string getimagecontenttype() {
    return imagecontenttype;
  }

  public void setimagecontenttype(string imagecontenttype) {
    this.imagecontenttype = imagecontenttype;
  }

  public string getimagefilename() {
    return imagefilename;
  }

  public void setimagefilename(string imagefilename) {
    this.imagefilename = imagefilename;
  }

  private void close(fileoutputstream fos, fileinputstream fis) {
    if (fis != null) {
      try {
        fis.close();
        fis=null;
      } catch (ioexception e) {
        system.out.println("fileinputstream关闭失败");
        e.printstacktrace();
      }
    }
    if (fos != null) {
      try {
        fos.close();
        fis=null;
      } catch (ioexception e) {
        system.out.println("fileoutputstream关闭失败");
        e.printstacktrace();
      }
    }
  }

}

3)、配置struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!doctype struts public
  "-//apache software foundation//dtd struts configuration 2.0//en"
  "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
  <!-- 该属性指定需要struts2处理的请求后缀，该属性的默认值是action，即所有匹配*.action的请求都由struts2处理。
    如果用户需要指定多个请求后缀，则多个后缀之间以英文逗号（,）隔开。 -->
  <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"/>
  <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容,默认值为true(生产环境下使用),开发阶段最好关闭 -->
  <constant name="struts.serve.static.browsercache" value="false"/>
  <!-- 当struts的配置文件修改后,系统是否自动重新加载该文件,默认值为false(生产环境下使用),开发阶段最好打开 -->
  <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true"/>
  <!-- 开发模式下使用,这样可以打印出更详细的错误信息 -->
  <constant name="struts.devmode" value="true"/>
  <!-- 默认的视图主题 -->
  <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"/>
  <!--<constant name="struts.objectfactory" value="spring" />-->
  <!--解决乱码  -->
  <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8"/>
  <!-- 指定允许上传的文件最大字节数。默认值是2097152(2m) -->
  <constant name="struts.multipart.maxsize" value="22097152"/>
  <!-- 设置上传文件的临时文件夹,默认使用javax.servlet.context.tempdir -->
  <constant name="struts.multipart.savedir " value="d:/tmp"/>
  
  <package name="upload" namespace="/upload" extends="struts-default">
    <action name="execute" class="com.ljq.action.uploadaction">
      <!-- 动态设置savepath的属性值 -->
      <param name="savepath">/image</param>
      <result name="success">/web-inf/page/message.jsp</result>
    </action>
  </package>
</struts>

4)、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.strutsprepareandexecutefilter
    </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>strutscleanup</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.actioncontextcleanup
    </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>strutscleanup</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

运行结构如下：

获取android端传过来的普通信息：
用户名：张三
密码：zhangsan
年龄：21
文件名：123.rmvb
获取android端传过来的文件信息：
文件存放目录: d:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\webapps\upload\image
文件名称: 123.rmvb
文件大小: 3962649
文件类型: application/octet-stream
文件上传成功

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。