欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  IT编程

Centos中安装多个mysql数据的配置实例

程序员文章站 2024-02-29 09:58:52
注:本文档做了两个mysql实例,多个实例方法以此类推 linux操作系统:centos6.3 64bit(安装了系统默认开发包)数据库一:mysql版本:mysql-5...

注:本文档做了两个mysql实例,多个实例方法以此类推

linux操作系统:centos6.3 64bit(安装了系统默认开发包)
数据库一:
mysql版本:mysql-5.0.56
port:3306
系统目录:/usr/local/mysql3306
数据库二:
mysql版本:mysql-5.1.72
port:3307
系统目录:/usr/local/mysql3307

一.安装开发包(使用默认centos更新源):

复制代码 代码如下:
# yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc* libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*

二.关闭iptables和selinux
复制代码 代码如下:
# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
---------------
selinux=disabled

---------------
三.安装mysql数据库实例
1.下载编译包:
复制代码 代码如下:
# su -
# mkdir ~/src
# cd src
# wget http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/downloads/mysql-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
# wget http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz

2.安装前的初始配置工作:
1).创建一个mysql用户
复制代码 代码如下:
# useradd mysql 

2).新建mysql下data和log子目录
复制代码 代码如下:
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data         
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log

3).修改目录的所属者以及所属组权限         
复制代码 代码如下:
# chown -r mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data/
# chown -r mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log/
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data     
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log 

4).创建mysql相关目录并配置权限
复制代码 代码如下:
# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
# chown -r mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld{3306,3307}
# chown -r mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld{3306,3307}
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysqld{3306,3307}
# chown -r mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysqld{3306,3307}
# cp /etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc

3.解包编译安装
编译数据库一:
复制代码 代码如下:
# cd ~/src
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz   
# cd mysql-5.0.56 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3306 --with-mysqld-user=mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc  --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data --with-tcp-port=3306 -enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk -with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=csv,innobase,myisam,heap --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
# make
# make install

编译数据库二:
复制代码 代码如下:
# cd ~/src
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.71.tar.gz   
# cd mysql-5.1.71
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3307 --with-mysqld-user=mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc  --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data --with-tcp-port=3307 -enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk -with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=csv,innobase,myisam,heap --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
# make
# make install


4.编写mysql配置项:
数据库一配置:

复制代码 代码如下:
# vi /usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
-------------------------------------------------------
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/var/lib/mysqld3306/mysql.pid
# disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections= 16384
skip-name-resolve
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256m
max_allowed_packet = 32m
table_cache = 3072
thread_cache_size = 256
sort_buffer_size = 16m
read_buffer_size = 4m
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m
net_buffer_length = 256m
thread_stack = 8m
query_cache_size = 128m
query_cache_limit = 2m
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
#log
log-error=/usr/local/mysql3306/log/error.log
log=/usr/local/mysql3306/log/mysql.log
long_query_time=2
log-slow-queries= /usr/local/mysql3306/log/slowquery.log
log-bin= /usr/local/mysql3306/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 15
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 4294967295
local-infile=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld3306.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld3306/mysqld.pid

-------------------------------------------------------
数据库二配置:
复制代码 代码如下:
# vi /usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf
-------------------------------------------------------
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
user=mysql
port=3307
pid-file=/var/lib/mysqld3307/mysql.pid
# disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections= 16384
skip-name-resolve
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256m
max_allowed_packet = 32m
table_cache = 3072
thread_cache_size = 256
sort_buffer_size = 16m
read_buffer_size = 4m
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m
net_buffer_length = 256m
thread_stack = 8m
query_cache_size = 128m
query_cache_limit = 2m
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
#log
log-error=/usr/local/mysql3307/log/error.log
log=/usr/local/mysql3307/log/mysql.log
long_query_time=2
log-slow-queries= /usr/local/mysql3307/log/slowquery.log
log-bin= /usr/local/mysql3307/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 15
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 4294967295
local-infile=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld3307.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld3307/mysqld.pid
-------------------------------------------------------

5.将mysql的库文件路径加入系统的库文件搜索路径中
方法一:直接做软链接

复制代码 代码如下:
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql3306/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

方法二:利用ldconfig导入系统库
复制代码 代码如下:
# echo "/usr/local/mysql3306/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
# ldconfig

6.输出mysql的头文件到系统头文件
复制代码 代码如下:
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql3306/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

注: 此处只需将一个mysql实例的库文件添加到系统库,无需多次添加

7.进入相应实例的安装路径,初始化各自配置脚本
数据库一配置:

复制代码 代码如下:
# cd /usr/local/mysql3306
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data

数据库二配置:
复制代码 代码如下:
# cd /usr/local/mysql3307
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data

8.复制mysql启动脚本到系统服务目录,并更改脚本配置
复制代码 代码如下:
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3306
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3307

数据库一配置:
复制代码 代码如下:
# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld3006

搜索如下行,红色标注的为添加的参数:
---------------------------------------------
复制代码 代码如下:
basedir=/usr/local/mysql3306
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
conf=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
--------------------------------------------

数据库二配置:
复制代码 代码如下:
# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld3007

搜索如下行,红色标注的为添加的参数:
---------------------------------------------
复制代码 代码如下:
basedir=/usr/local/mysql3307
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
conf=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf

$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
--------------------------------------------


9.系统启动项相关配置
数据库一配置:

复制代码 代码如下:
# chkconfig --add mysqld3306  #添加开机启动服务
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld3306 on  #设置mysql启动

数据库二配置:
复制代码 代码如下:
# chkconfig --add mysqld3307 
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld3307 on

10.启动mysql
数据库一启动:
复制代码 代码如下:
# service mysqld3306 start 

数据库二启动:
复制代码 代码如下:
# service mysqld3307 start 

11 添加mysql命令集到系统全局变量
注:如果系统之前未安装mysql客户端,可以将编译好的mysql命令集导入系统全局变量
以后就可以直接使用mysql命令集,而不需要使用绝对路径访问.
复制代码 代码如下:
# echo "path=$path:/usr/local/mysql3306/bin;export path" >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile

12. 设置初始账户,并登陆后台:
数据库一:
复制代码 代码如下:
# /usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456   #设置超级管理员密码
# /usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysql -p3306 -s/tmp/mysql3306.sock -uroot -p123456 #连接数据库

数据库二:
# /usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456   #设置超级管理员密码
# /usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysql -p3307 -s/tmp/mysql3307.sock -uroot -p123456 #连接数据库

注: 因为加了mysql环境变量,以后系统后台可以直接使用mysql命令登录,这里使用绝对路径是为了规范操作
# mysql -p3307 -s/tmp/mysql3307.sock -uroot -p123456

13.端口测试:

复制代码 代码如下:
#lsof -i:3306
#lsof -i:3307

ok,大功告成!