使用Maven搭建SpringMVC项目的步骤（图文教程）

约定电脑都安装了eclipse，且已配置好maven以及eclipse插件。

　　1.eclipse

　　2.maven

　　3.eclipse 需要安装maven插件。url:maven - 。

1、新建一个maven project

 2、选择工作空间

 3、搭建web工程，我们选择maven-archetype-webapp类型

 4、填写项目参数，如图

 5、以上步骤完成时的工程结构目录

 6、可以查看或修改发布目录

 7、确保勾选上dynamic web module和java

 8、完成以上步骤，我们的工程就是一个web项目了，接着我们赋予工程的springmvc特性，配置web.xml，使其具有springmvc特性，主要配置两处，一个是contextloaderlistener，一个是dispatcherservlet。代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  
  <!-- 配置web.xml，使其具有springmvc特性，主要配置两处，一个是contextloaderlistener，一个是dispatcherservlet -->
  
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:applicationcontext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 配置contextloaderlistener表示，该工程要以spring的方式启动。启动时会默认在/web-inf目录下查找applicationcontext.xml
作为spring容器的配置文件，该文件里可以初始化一些bean -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  
  <!-- 字符集过滤器 --> 
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.characterencodingfilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <!-- spring mvc 配置 -->
  <!-- 配置dispatcherservlet表示，该工程将采用springmvc的方式。启动时也会默认在/web-inf目录下查找xxx-servlet.xml作为配置文件，
    xxx就是dispatcherservlet的名字，该文件中将配置两项重要的mvc特性：handlermapping,负责为dispatcherservlet这个前端控制器的请求查找controller；
    viewresolver,负责为dispatcherservlet查找modelandview的视图解析器。
    此处使用指定的配置文件spring-mvc.xml -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>contacts</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param> 
      <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> 
      <!--<param-value>/web-inf/classes/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value>-->
      <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param> 
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>contacts</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list> 
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> 
  </welcome-file-list> 
</web-app>

9、配置contextloaderlistener表示，该工程要以spring的方式启动。启动时会默认在/web-inf目录下查找 applicationcontext.xml作为spring容器的配置文件，这里可以初始化一些bean，如datasource等。代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd">

  <!-- bean definitions here -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jxufe" />
  
  <!-- 配置读取外部配置文件 -->
  <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
  <bean id="datasource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.basicdatasource"
    destroy-method="close" p:driverclassname="${jdbc.driverclassname}"
    p:url="${jdbc.url}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />
  <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 此行语句使得resource autowired 等四个注解可以使用 -->
  
  <!-- 实例化jdbctemplate,同时注入数据源 -->
  <bean id="jdbctemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.jdbctemplate"
    p:datasource-ref="datasource" />
  
  <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
  <bean id="txmanager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.datasourcetransactionmanager">
    <property name="datasource" ref="datasource" />
  </bean>
  
  <!-- 事务扫描开始(开启@tranctional) -->
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txmanager" />

</beans>

 10、配置dispatcherservlet表示，该工程将采用springmvc的方式。启动时也会默认在/web-inf目录下查找xxx- servlet.xml作为配置文件，xxx就是dispatcherservlet的名字，该文件中将配置两项重要的mvc特性：viewresolver,负责为dispatcherservlet查找modelandview的视图解析器。这里我们使用指定的xml配置文件spring-mvc.xml，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"  
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">

  <!-- 启动事务添加配置 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jxufe"> 
    <!-- 排除扫描service标签 -->
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.service"/>  
  </context:component-scan> 
  
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.annotationmethodhandleradapter">
    <!-- 注册jason转换器 -->
    <property name="messageconverters"> 
      <list> 
        <ref bean="mappingjacksonhttpmessageconverter"/> 
        <ref bean="utf8stringhttpmessageconverter"/>
      </list> 
    </property> 
  </bean>
  
  <bean id="mappingjacksonhttpmessageconverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.mappingjacksonhttpmessageconverter"> 
    <property name="supportedmediatypes"> 
      <list> 
        <value>text/plain;charset=utf-8</value>
        <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value> 
        <value>application/json;charset=utf-8</value>
      </list> 
    </property> 
  </bean> 
  <bean id="utf8stringhttpmessageconverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.stringhttpmessageconverter">
    <property name="supportedmediatypes">
      <list>
        <value>text/plain;charset=utf-8</value>
        <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>
        <value>application/json;charset=utf-8</value>
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean>

  <bean id="viewresolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver">
    <property name="viewclass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview"/>
    <property name="prefix" value="/web-inf/pages/"/>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  </bean>

  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.localechangeinterceptor"></bean>
 
  
  <!-- 当配置了<mvc:annotation-driven/>后，会自动加载org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.defaultannotationhandlermapping和
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.annotationmethodhandleradapter，所以如果显示的配置则需去掉配置<mvc:annotation-driven/> -->
  <!--<mvc:annotation-driven/>-->
</beans>

11、配置pom.xml文件，让maven自动配置jar包，代码如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
  <groupid>cn.jxufe</groupid>
  <artifactid>springmvc-maven</artifactid>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <name>springmvc-maven maven webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceencoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceencoding>
    <spring.version>3.1.2.release</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>junit</groupid>
      <artifactid>junit</artifactid>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring begin -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-webmvc</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-jdbc</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-context</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-aop</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-core</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-test</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring end -->

    <!-- web jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid>
      <artifactid>javax.servlet-api</artifactid>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid>
      <artifactid>jstl</artifactid>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>javax.servlet.jsp</groupid>
      <artifactid>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactid>
      <version>2.3.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jackson jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.codehaus.jackson</groupid>
      <artifactid>jackson-jaxrs</artifactid>
      <version>1.9.11</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- commons jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-lang3</artifactid>
      <version>3.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-io</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-io</artifactid>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-collections4</artifactid>
      <version>4.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-logging</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-logging</artifactid>
      <version>1.1.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-codec</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-codec</artifactid>
      <version>1.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-beanutils</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-beanutils</artifactid>
      <version>1.8.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-chain</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-chain</artifactid>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-fileupload</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-fileupload</artifactid>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-math3</artifactid>
      <version>3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-pool2</artifactid>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-digester3</artifactid>
      <version>3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-net</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-net</artifactid>
      <version>3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-dbutils</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-dbutils</artifactid>
      <version>1.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-email</artifactid>
      <version>1.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-dbcp</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-dbcp</artifactid>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- jstl jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>jstl</groupid>
      <artifactid>jstl</artifactid>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>taglibs</groupid>
      <artifactid>standard</artifactid>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 日志相关 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>log4j</groupid>
      <artifactid>log4j</artifactid>
      <version>1.2.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.slf4j</groupid>
      <artifactid>slf4j-api</artifactid>
      <version>1.7.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 验证码kaptcha -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>com.google.code</groupid>
      <artifactid>kaptcha</artifactid>
      <version>2.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mysql -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>mysql</groupid>
      <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
      <version>5.1.31</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalname>springmvc-maven</finalname>
  </build>
</project>

12、完成以上步骤后，可以继续配置jdbc.properties、log4j.properties等文件。至此springmvc项目搭建完成，工程结构如下图：

13、代码我都会托管到gibhub上，有需要的朋友可以查看。github

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。