centos 安装keepalived-1.3.5并配置nginx 博客分类： keepalived keepalivednginx主从
Keepalived是一个免费开源的，用C编写的类似于layer3,交换机制软件，具备我们平时说的第3层、第4层和第7层交换机的功能。主要提供loadbalancing（负载均衡）和
4 & 7high-availability（高可用）功能，负载均衡实现需要依赖Linux的虚拟服务内核模块（ipvs），而高可用是通过VRRP协议实现多台机器之间的故障转移服务。
官网源码包下载地址（2017-07-31 Keepalived最新版keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz）：http://www.keepalived.org/download.html
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ local]# tar -zxvf /tmp/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ local]# cd keepalived-1.3.5/
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
1. 系统出现警告信息“*** WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.”，具体日志如下：
Keepalived configuration
------------------------
Keepalived version : 1.3.5
Compiler : gcc
Preprocessor flags :
Compiler flags : -Wall -Wunused -Wstrict-prototypes -Wextra -g -O2
Linker flags :
Extra Lib : -lcrypto -lssl
Use IPVS Framework : Yes
IPVS use libnl : No
IPVS syncd attributes : No
IPVS 64 bit stats : No
fwmark socket support : Yes
Use VRRP Framework : Yes
Use VRRP VMAC : Yes
Use VRRP authentication : Yes
With ip rules/routes : Yes
SNMP vrrp support : No
SNMP checker support : No
SNMP RFCv2 support : No
SNMP RFCv3 support : No
DBUS support : No
SHA1 support : No
Use Debug flags : No
Stacktrace support : No
Memory alloc check : No
libnl version : None
Use IPv4 devconf : No
Use libiptc : No
Use libipset : No
init type : upstart
Build genhash : Yes
Build documentation : No
*** WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.
解决方案一：（在线安装）
执行yum命令yum -y install libnl libnl-devel解决上述警告问题
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# yum -y install libnl libnl-devel
解决方案二：（离线安装）
离线安装libnl-devel包，从网上下载libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm包，执行rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm命令。
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
####执行wget命令是从另外一台可以连接外网的服务器上下载libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm包的命令，可以忽略，只是为大家提供个下载libnl-devel地址####
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64 is already installed
安装完成以后，重新执行configure命令
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
2. 系统出现错误信息“configure: error: libnfnetlink headers missing”，具体日志如下：
checking for nl_socket_modify_cb in -lnl... yes
checking for linux/rtnetlink.h... yes
checking libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h usability... no
checking libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h presence... no
checking for libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h... no
configure: error: libnfnetlink headers missing
解决方案一：（在线安装）
执行yum命令yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel解决上述错误问题
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel
解决方案二：（离线安装）
Linux执行wget下载rpm包（离线安装libnfnetlink包时所需rpm包，执行wget下载libnfnetlink rpm包命令，此步可以忽略，只是为大家提供个下载libnfnetlink地址），具体命令如下：
wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
执行rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm命令安装libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包，具体如下：
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libnfnetlink ########################################### [100%]
执行rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm命令安装libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包，具体如下：
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libnfnetlink-devel ########################################### [100%]
安装完成以后，重新执行configure命令
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
3. 编译keepalived不会出现上述警告和其他错误，执行make && make install命令进行安装：
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# make && make install
至此Keepalived编译并安装结束，在下一篇文章中会详解介绍Nginx搭配Keepalived的详细配置和使用方法，欢迎大家收藏本站素文宅博客。
启动命令：
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./sbin/keepalived -f /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived.conf
制作快捷启动，在源文件的目录./keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d下有两个个快捷启动文件和生成/usr/local/keepalived目录下一个配置文件需要复制，具体执行如下命令：
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# cp ./keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# cp ./keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
[root@yoodb /]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
这样就可以执行service keepalived [start | stop | reload | restart ]命令。
启动keepalived服务报错
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1. # service keepalived start
错误如下
Job for keepalived.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
Job for keepalived.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for
details.
查看错误
1. # systemctl status keepalived.service
我们可以看到日志，是写日志出了问题
1. [root@zk-02 sbin]# systemctl status keepalived.service
2. ● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
3. Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
4. Active: failed (Result: resources) since Fri 2017-08-04 15:32:31 CST; 4min 59s ago
5. Process: 16764 ExecStart=/usr/local/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
6.
7. Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.2]:1358
8. Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.3]:1358
9. Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.3]:1358
10.Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_vrrp[16769]: (VI_1): No VIP specified; at least one is required
11.Aug 04 15:32:26 zk-02 Keepalived[16766]: Keepalived_vrrp exited with permanent error CONFIG. Terminating
12.Aug 04 15:32:26 zk-02 Keepalived[16766]: Stopping
13.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: keepalived.service never wrote its PID file. Failing. ##写日志出了问题
14.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: Failed to start LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.
15.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: Unit keepalived.service entered failed state.
16.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: keepalived.service failed.
17.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vi /var/run/keepalived.pid
18.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
19.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
查看keepalived.service
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1. # vi /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
内容如下
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1. [Unit]
2. Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
3. After=syslog.target network-online.target
4.
5. [Service]
6. Type=forking
7. PIDFile=/usr/local/program/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid ##发现这个目录不存在，无法写入keepalived.pid
8. KillMode=process
9. EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/program/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
10.ExecStart=/usr/local/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
11.ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
12.
13.[Install]
14.WantedBy=multi-user.target
问题见
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1. PIDFile=/usr/local/program/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid ##发现这个目录不存在，无法写入keepalived.pid
修改成
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1. PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid
运行命令
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1. # systemctl daemon-reload #重新载入 systemd，扫描新的或有变动的单元
在运行就Ok了
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1. service keepalived start
2. Starting keepalived (via systemctl): [ OK ]