Spring事务Transaction配置的五种注入方式详解
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2024-02-28 08:55:10
前段时间对spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉spring的事务配置只要把...
前段时间对spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。
总结如下：
spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是datasource、transactionmanager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
datasource、transactionmanager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用hibernate进行数据访问时，datasource实际为sessionfactory，transactionmanager的实现为hibernatetransactionmanager。
具体如下图：
根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：
第一种方式：每个bean都有一个代理
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.localsessionfactorybean"> <property name="configlocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationclass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.annotationconfiguration" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.hibernatetransactionmanager"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> <!-- 配置dao --> <bean id="userdaotarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.userdaoimpl"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> <bean id="userdao" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.transactionproxyfactorybean"> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <property name="transactionmanager" ref="transactionmanager" /> <property name="target" ref="userdaotarget" /> <property name="proxyinterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.generatordao" /> <!-- 配置事务属性 --> <property name="transactionattributes"> <props> <prop key="*"> propagation_required </prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
第二种方式：所有bean共享一个代理基类
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.localsessionfactorybean"> <property name="configlocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationclass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.annotationconfiguration" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.hibernatetransactionmanager"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> <bean id="transactionbase" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.transactionproxyfactorybean" lazy-init="true" abstract="true"> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <property name="transactionmanager" ref="transactionmanager" /> <!-- 配置事务属性 --> <property name="transactionattributes"> <props> <prop key="*">propagation_required </prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置dao --> <bean id="userdaotarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.userdaoimpl"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> <bean id="userdao" parent="transactionbase"> <property name="target" ref="userdaotarget" /> </bean> </beans>
第三种方式：使用拦截器
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.localsessionfactorybean"> <property name="configlocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationclass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.annotationconfiguration" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.hibernatetransactionmanager"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> <bean id="transactioninterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.transactioninterceptor"> <property name="transactionmanager" ref="transactionmanager" /> <!-- 配置事务属性 --> <property name="transactionattributes"> <props> <prop key="*">propagation_required </prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.beannameautoproxycreator"> <property name="beannames"> <list> <value> *dao </value> </list> </property> <property name="interceptornames"> <list> <value> transactioninterceptor </value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置dao --> <bean id="userdao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.userdaoimpl"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> </beans>
第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.localsessionfactorybean"> <property name="configlocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationclass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.annotationconfiguration" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.hibernatetransactionmanager"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> <tx:advice id="txadvice" transaction-manager="transactionmanager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" propagation="required" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="interceptorpointcuts" expression="execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txadvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorpointcuts" /> </aop:config> </beans>
第五种方式：全注解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionmanager"/> <bean id="sessionfactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.localsessionfactorybean"> <property name="configlocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationclass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.annotationconfiguration" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> <bean id="transactionmanager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.hibernatetransactionmanager"> <property name="sessionfactory" ref="sessionfactory" /> </bean> </beans>
此时在dao上需加上@transactional注解，如下：
package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.list;
import org.hibernate.sessionfactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.hibernatedaosupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.user;
@transactional
@component("userdao")
public class userdaoimpl extends hibernatedaosupport implements userdao {
public list<user> listusers() {
return this.getsession().createquery("from user").list();
}
}
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。