Android 抽屉效果的导航菜单实现代码实例

看了很多应用，觉得这种侧滑的抽屉效果的菜单很好。

不用切换到另一个页面，也不用去按菜单的硬件按钮，直接在界面上一个按钮点击，菜单就滑出来，而且感觉能放很多东西。

关于实现，搜索了一下，有如下两种：

1.用slidingdrawer：http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/slidingdrawer.html

但是不知道为什么这个类官方不建议再继续用了：deprecated since api level 17

2.用drawerlayout：http://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/widget/drawerlayout.html

guide在这里：

库的引用

首先， drawerlayout这个类是在support library里的，需要加上android-support-v4.jar这个包。

然后程序中用时在前面导入import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;

如果找不到这个类，首先用sdk manager更新一下android support library，然后在android sdk\extras\android\support\v4路径下找到android-support-v4.jar，复制到项目的libs路径，将其add to build path.

代码1

布局：

<relativelayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent" >

  <android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <!-- the main content view -->
    <!-- main content must be the first element of drawerlayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it -->

    <framelayout
      android:id="@+id/content_frame"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent" />

    <!-- the navigation drawer -->

    <listview
      android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
      android:layout_width="240dp"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:layout_gravity="left"
      android:background="#111"
      android:choicemode="singlechoice"
      android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
      android:dividerheight="0dp" />
  </android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>

</relativelayout>

drawerlayout的第一个子元素是主要内容，即抽屉没有打开时显示的布局。这里采用了一个framelayout，里面什么也没放。

drawerlayout的第二个子元素是抽屉中的内容，即抽屉布局，这里采用了一个listview。

主要的activity（从官方实例中扒出来的）：

package com.example.hellodrawer;

import android.os.bundle;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.res.configuration;
import android.view.menuitem;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
import android.widget.arrayadapter;
import android.widget.listview;
import android.support.v4.app.actionbardrawertoggle;
import android.support.v4.view.gravitycompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;

public class hellodraweractivity extends activity
{

  private string[] mplanettitles;
  private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout;
  private actionbardrawertoggle mdrawertoggle;
  private listview mdrawerlist;

  @override
  public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
  {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_hello_drawer);

    mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.drawer_layout);

    // init the listview and adapter, nothing new
    initlistview();

    // set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer
    // opens
    mdrawerlayout.setdrawershadow(r.drawable.drawer_shadow,
        gravitycompat.start);

    mdrawertoggle = new actionbardrawertoggle(this, mdrawerlayout,
        r.drawable.ic_drawer, r.string.drawer_open,
        r.string.drawer_close)
    {

      /** called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
      public void ondrawerclosed(view view)
      {

        invalidateoptionsmenu(); // creates call to
                      // onprepareoptionsmenu()
      }

      /** called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
      public void ondraweropened(view drawerview)
      {

        invalidateoptionsmenu(); // creates call to
                      // onprepareoptionsmenu()
      }
    };

    // set the drawer toggle as the drawerlistener
    mdrawerlayout.setdrawerlistener(mdrawertoggle);

    // enable actionbar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawer
    getactionbar().setdisplayhomeasupenabled(true);
    // getactionbar().sethomebuttonenabled(true);
    // note: getactionbar() added in api level 11
  }

  private void initlistview()
  {
    mdrawerlist = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.left_drawer);

    mplanettitles = getresources().getstringarray(r.array.planets_array);

    // set the adapter for the list view
    mdrawerlist.setadapter(new arrayadapter<string>(this,
        r.layout.list_item, mplanettitles));
    // set the list's click listener
    mdrawerlist.setonitemclicklistener(new onitemclicklistener()
    {

      @override
      public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> parent, view view,
          int position, long id)
      {
        // highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the
        // drawer
        mdrawerlist.setitemchecked(position, true);
        settitle(mplanettitles[position]);
        mdrawerlayout.closedrawer(mdrawerlist);
      }
    });
  }

  @override
  protected void onpostcreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
  {
    super.onpostcreate(savedinstancestate);
    // sync the toggle state after onrestoreinstancestate has occurred.
    mdrawertoggle.syncstate();
  }

  @override
  public void onconfigurationchanged(configuration newconfig)
  {
    super.onconfigurationchanged(newconfig);
    mdrawertoggle.onconfigurationchanged(newconfig);
  }

  @override
  public boolean onoptionsitemselected(menuitem item)
  {
    // pass the event to actionbardrawertoggle, if it returns
    // true, then it has handled the app icon touch event
    if (mdrawertoggle.onoptionsitemselected(item))
    {
      return true;
    }
    // handle your other action bar items...

    return super.onoptionsitemselected(item);
  }

}

比较纠结的是用了level 11的一个api，这样minsdkversion就有限制，不能太低。

图片资源android官网示例处提供下载了。

程序运行后效果如下：

抽屉打开前：

抽屉打开后：

代码2

今天又看了一下drawerlayout的类，发现有很多方法可以直接用的。

重新试了一下，其实不用上面那么麻烦，随便自己定义一个按钮控制抽屉的打开就行：

布局：

<relativelayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:paddingbottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  android:paddingleft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  android:paddingright="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  android:paddingtop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  tools:context=".draweractivity" >

  <android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout
    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <!-- the main content view -->

    <framelayout
      android:id="@+id/content_frame"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent" >

      <button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="open" 
        />
    </framelayout>

    <!-- the navigation drawer -->

    <listview
      android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
      android:layout_width="240dp"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:layout_gravity="start"
      android:background="#111"
      android:choicemode="singlechoice"
      android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
      android:dividerheight="0dp" />
  </android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>

</relativelayout>

主要代码：

package com.example.hellodrawer;

import android.os.bundle;
import android.app.activity;
import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;
import android.view.gravity;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.onclicklistener;
import android.widget.button;

public class draweractivity extends activity
{
  private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout = null;

  @override
  protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
  {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_drawer);

    mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.drawer_layout);

    button button = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btn);
    button.setonclicklistener(new onclicklistener()
    {

      @override
      public void onclick(view v)
      {
        // 按钮按下，将抽屉打开
        mdrawerlayout.opendrawer(gravity.left);

      }
    });
  }

}

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