Spring之WEB模块配置详解

spring框架七大模块简单介绍

spring中mvc模块代码详解

spring的web模块用于整合web框架，例如struts1、struts2、jsf等

整合struts1

继承方式

spring框架提供了actionsupport类支持struts1的action。继承了actionsupport后就能获取spring的beanfactory，从而获得各种spring容器内的各种资源

import org.springframework.web.struts.actionsupport; 
 
public class cataction extends actionsupport{ 
  public icatservice getcarservice(){ 
    return (icatservice) getwebapplicationcontext().getbean("catservice"); 
  } 
  public actionforward execute(actionmappingmapping,actionform form,httpservletrequest request,httpservletresponseresponse){ 
    catform catform = (catform) form; 
    if("list".equals(catform.getaction())){ 
     returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); 
    } 
  } 
 
  public actionforward list(actionmappingmapping,actionform form,httpservletrequest request,httpservletresponseresponse){ 
    catform catform = (catform) form; 
    icatservice catservice =getcatservice(); 
    list<cat> catlist =catservice.listcats(); 
    request.setattribute("carlist",catlist); 
 
    return mapping.find("list"); 
  } 
} 

spring在web.xml中的配置

<context-param><!-- spring配置文件的位置--> 
  <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> 
  <param-value>/web-inf/classes/applicationcontext.xml</param-value> 
</context-param> 
 
<listener><!-- 使用listener加载spring配置文件--> 
  <listener-class> 
    org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener 
  </listener-class> 
</listener> 
 
<filter><!-- 使用spring自带的字符过滤器--> 
  <filter-name>characterencodingfilter</filter-name> 
  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.characterencodingfilter</filter-class> 
  <init-param> 
    <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
    <param-value>utf-8</param-value> 
  </init-param> 
  <init-param> 
    <param-name>forceencoding</param-name> 
    <param-value>true</param-value> 
  </init-param> 
</filter> 
<filter-mapping> 
  <filter-name>characterencodingfilter</filter-name> 
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
</filter-mapping> 

如果与hibernate结合使用，需要在web.xml中添加opensessioninviewfilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到jsp层，防止抛出延迟加载异常

<filter> 
  <filter-name>hibernatefilter</filter-name> 
  <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. opensessioninviewfilter</filter-class> 
</filter> 
<filter-mapping> 
  <filter-name> hibernatefilter</filter-name> 
  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- 对struts 1的action启用--> 
</filter-mapping> 

代理方式

继承方式融入spring非常简单，但是缺点是代码与spring发生了耦合，并且action并没有交给spring管理，因此不能使用spring的aop、ioc特性，使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷

public class cataction extends action{ //此处继承的struts 1的action 
  private icatservice catservice； 
  //setter、getter略 
 
  public actionforward execute(actionmappingmapping,actionform form,httpservletrequest request,httpservletresponseresponse){ 
    catform catform = (catform) form; 
    if("list".equals(catform.getaction())){ 
     returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); 
    } 
  } 
 
  public actionforward list(actionmappingmapping,actionform form,httpservletrequest request,httpservletresponseresponse){ 
    catform catform = (catform) form; 
    icatservice catservice =getcatservice(); 
    list<cat> catlist =catservice.listcats(); 
    request.setattribute("carlist",catlist); 
 
    return mapping.find("list"); 
  } 
} 

这个action没有与spring发生耦合，只是定义了一个icatservice属性，然后由spring负责注入

struts-congfig.xml配置

<form-beans> 
  <form-bean name="catform" type="com.clf.spring.catform"> 
</form-beans> 
 
<action-mappings> 
  <action name=" catform" path="/cat" type="com.clf.spring.cataction"> 
    <forward name="list" path="/jsp/listcat.jsp"></forward> 
  </action> 
</action-mappings> 
 
<!-- 最核心的配置，该配置把struts的action交给spring代理--> 
<controller processorclass="org.springframework.web.struts.delegatingrequestprocessor" /> 
 
<!-- controller配置生效后，action的type属性就是去作用了，struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建cataction，而是到spring配置中寻找，因此spring中必须配置cataction --> 
<!-- spring中配置action使用的是name属性而不是id，spring会截获"/cat.do"的请求，将catservice通过setter方法注入到cataction中，并调用execute()方法--> 
<bean name="/cat" class=" com.clf.spring.cataction"> 
  <property name="catservice" ref="catservice" /> 
</bean> 

web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同

使用代理方式的action可以配置拦截器等spring特性，例如给cataction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器

<bean id="catbeforeinterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.namematchmethodpointcutadvodor"> 
  <property name="advice"> 
    <bean class="com.clf.spring.methodbeforeinterceptor" /> 
  </property> 
  <property name="mappedname" value="*"></property> 
</bean> 
 
<bean id="catafterinterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.namematchmethodpointcutadvodor"> 
  <property name="advice"> 
    <bean class="com.clf.spring.methodafterinterceptor" /> 
  </property> 
  <property name="mappedname" value="*"></property> 
</bean> 
 
<bean name="/cat" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.proxyfactorybean"> 
  <property name="interceptornames"> 
    <list> 
     <value> catbeforeinterceptor</value> 
     <value> catafterinterceptor</value> 
    </list> 
  </property> 
  <property name="target"> 
    <bean class="com.clf.spring.cataction"> 
     <property name="catservice" ref="catservice"></property> 
    </bean> 
  </property> 
</bean> 

整合struts 2

spring整合struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包

public class cataction{ 
  private icatservice catservice; 
  private cat cat; 
  //setter、getter略 
 
  public string list(){ 
    catservice.listcats(); 
    return ＂list＂; 
  } 
  
  public string add(){ 
    catservice.createcat(cat); 
    return list(); 
  } 
} 

struts.xml配置

除了正常的配置之外，还需要<contstant/>添加名为struts.objectfactory的常量，把值设为spring，表示该action由sprin*生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为cataction，struts2将会到spring中寻找名为cataction的bean

<constant name=" struts.objectfactory" value="spring" /> 
 
<packagenamepackagename="cat" extends="struts-default"> 
<action name="*_cat" method="{1}" class="cataction"> 
  <param name="action" >{1}</param> 
  <result>/list.jsp</result> 
  <result name="list">/list.jsp</result> 
</action> 
</package> 

spring配置

<bean id="cataction" scope="prototype" class="com.clf.spring.cataction"> 
  <property name="catservice" ref="catservice"></property> 
</bean> 

web.xml配置

<context-param><!-- spring配置文件的位置--> 
  <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> 
  <param-value>/web-inf/classes/applicationcontext.xml</param-value> 
</context-param> 
 
<listener><!-- 使用listener加载spring配置文件--> 
  <listener-class> 
    org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener 
  </listener-class> 
</listener> 
 
<filter> 
  <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> 
  <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filterdispatcher</filter-class> 
</filter> 
<filter-mapping> 
  <filter-name> struts2</filter-name> 
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
</filter-mapping> 

总结

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参考：

浅谈springmvc中的页面跳转问题

spring aop入门demo分享

spring框架web项目实战全代码分享