Win10 VS Code + CMake STM32开发环境

软件

软件安装与环境变量的配置不多讲，这步都搞不定还是老老实实用MDK把

• VS Code
• cmake 插件、
• c/c++ 插件
• mingw
• gcc-arm-none-eabi 或者 armclang

win 下CMake的坑

• 工具包的选择
  一开始在Linux下，选择gcc，编译都OK。到win10下，选择mingw,死活通不过，把程序当成windows的程序了。搜索良久，发现选择未指定，会自动配置，编译就OK了。

• CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME
  接上门的坑。CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME不设定好，CMAKE自动配置就不行····，所以要自动配置要设置好。set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic) 置顶，放在CMakeLists.txt 第一行！

• gcc与armclang的差异
  .s启动文件不一样
  gcc生成文件需要目标名称带.elf
  armclang会在目标后面自动添加.elf
  armclang的hex bin 使用fromelf

工具链

我这里把gcc-arm-none-eabi加入了环境变量，所以没带路径

# specify the cross compiler
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER arm-none-eabi-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER arm-none-eabi-g++)
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER arm-none-eabi-gcc)
set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY arm-none-eabi-objcopy)
set(CMAKE_OBJDUMP arm-none-eabi-objdump)
# find additional toolchain executables
find_program(ARM_SIZE_EXECUTABLE arm-none-eabi-size)
find_program(ARM_GDB_EXECUTABLE arm-none-eabi-gdb)
find_program(ARM_OBJCOPY_EXECUTABLE arm-none-eabi-objcopy)
find_program(ARM_OBJDUMP_EXECUTABLE arm-none-eabi-objdump)

set(CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_TARGET_TYPE STATIC_LIBRARY)

# search for program/library/include in the build host directories
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)

编译参数

参考cubemax生产的makefile 里的参数配置就行

set(MCU_FLAGS "-mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb ${FPU} ${FLOAT_ABI}")
# compiler: language specific flags CFLAGS
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -std=gnu99 -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections ${DBG_FLAGS} " CACHE INTERNAL "C compiler flags")
#CPP 
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -fno-builtin -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections ${DBG_FLAGS} " CACHE INTERNAL "Cxx compiler flags")
#ASFLAGS
set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -x assembler-with-cpp ${DBG_FLAGS} " CACHE INTERNAL "ASM compiler flags")
#LDFLAGS -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -specs=nano.specs -T${LINKER_SCRIPT} -Wl,-Map=${PROJECT_NAME}.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections" CACHE INTERNAL "Exe linker flags")
#要链接的库 对应makefile的 LIBS
set(CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_LINK_C_FLAGS "-lc -lm -lnosys" CACHE INTERNAL "Shared linker flags")

上代码

CMakeLists.txt

set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR cortex-m0plus)
#cmake最低版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1.0)

#工程名称
project(ETC_974 C CXX ASM)
set(target "${PROJECT_NAME}")
set(COMPILE_TOOLS  GCC)


#编译工具
set(CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX arm-none-eabi)
include(target-def.cmake)




# STM32CubeMX generated source files
set(CUBEMX_SRC
Core/Src/main.c
Core/Src/stm32g0xx_it.c
Core/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_msp.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_adc.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_adc_ex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_ll_adc.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_rcc.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_rcc_ex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_ll_rcc.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_flash.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_flash_ex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_gpio.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_dma.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_dma_ex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_ll_dma.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_pwr.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_pwr_ex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_cortex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_exti.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_tim.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_tim_ex.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_uart.c
Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32g0xx_hal_uart_ex.c
Core/Src/system_stm32g0xx.c  
startup_stm32g030xx.s
)

include_directories(
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Core/Inc>
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Inc>
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Drivers/STM32G0xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy>
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32G0xx/Include>
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Drivers/CMSIS/Include>
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/user/inc>

)

add_subdirectory(user)
#先定义target 才可以添加define include
add_executable(${target} ${CUBEMX_SRC})

target_link_libraries(${target} user)

target-def.cmake

# specify the cross compiler
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-g++)
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-gcc)
set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-objcopy)
set(CMAKE_OBJDUMP ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-objdump)
# find additional toolchain executables
find_program(ARM_SIZE_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-size)
find_program(ARM_GDB_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-gdb)
find_program(ARM_OBJCOPY_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-objcopy)
find_program(ARM_OBJDUMP_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}-objdump)

set(CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_TARGET_TYPE STATIC_LIBRARY)

# search for program/library/include in the build host directories
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)

# Target-specific flags
#型号
set(MCU_FAMILY STM32G030xx)
#布局文件
set(LINKER_SCRIPT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/STM32G030K6Tx_FLASH.ld)
#内核相关
set(CPU "-mcpu=cortex-m0plus")
set(FPU "")
set(FLOAT_ABI "")



add_definitions(-D${MCU_FAMILY})

# generate flags from user variables
if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES Debug)
set(DBG_FLAGS "-g3 -gdwarf-2 -O0")
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES Release)
set(DBG_FLAGS "-O3")
endif()

set(MCU_FLAGS "-mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb ${FPU} ${FLOAT_ABI}")
# compiler: language specific flags CFLAGS
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -std=gnu99 -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections ${DBG_FLAGS} " CACHE INTERNAL "C compiler flags")
#CPP 
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -fno-builtin -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections ${DBG_FLAGS} " CACHE INTERNAL "Cxx compiler flags")
#ASFLAGS
set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -x assembler-with-cpp ${DBG_FLAGS} " CACHE INTERNAL "ASM compiler flags")
#LDFLAGS -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -specs=nano.specs -T${LINKER_SCRIPT} -Wl,-Map=${PROJECT_NAME}.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections" CACHE INTERNAL "Exe linker flags")
#要链接的库 对应makefile的 LIBS
set(CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_LINK_C_FLAGS "-lc -lm -lnosys" CACHE INTERNAL "Shared linker flags")

armclang

armclang 编译完体积要比gcc小不少，所以一定情况下还是需要用到的

    #编译工具
    #set(CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX C:/Keil_v5/ARM/ARMCLANG/bin/)
    #include(target-def_armclang.cmake)
    #设置Sections脚本路径
    #CMSIS_SetSectionsScriptPath(${CMAKE_HOME_DIRECTORY}/ETC-974.sct)
    #配置交叉编译
    #CMSIS_CrossCompilingConfiguration()

#设置CMake最低支持版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1.0)

#交叉编译：设置目标机器类型
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR cortex-m0plus)

#设置编译器
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}armclang.exe)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}armclang.exe)
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}armclang.exe)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_WORKS TRUE)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_WORKS TRUE)
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER_WORKS TRUE)

#设置链接器
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}armlink.exe)
set(CMAKE_CXX_LINK_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}armlink.exe)
set(CMAKE_ASM_LINK_EXECUTABLE ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}armlink.exe)

add_definitions(-DSTM32G030xx -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -D_RTE_ -D__MICROLIB)


#接口：设置Sections脚本
function(CMSIS_SetSectionsScriptPath path)
    set(SECTIONS_SCRIPT_PATH ${path} CACHE STRING "global")
endfunction()

# generate flags from user variables
if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES Debug)
set(DBG_FLAGS "-O0")
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES Release)
set(DBG_FLAGS "-O3")
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES MinSizeRel)
set(DBG_FLAGS "-Oz")
elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES RelWithDebInfo)
set(DBG_FLAGS "-Ofast")
endif()



#接口：配置交叉编译
function(CMSIS_CrossCompilingConfiguration)
    #设置通用编译参数
    set(COMPILE_RULE_FLAG "--target=arm-arm-none-eabi -mcpu=${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}")

    #设置C编译器选项
    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_INIT "  ${COMPILE_RULE_FLAG} -fno-rtti -c -ffunction-sections ${DBG_FLAGS} -w" CACHE STRING "global")

    #设置C++编译器选项
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_INIT ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_INIT} CACHE STRING "global")

    #设置ASM编译器选项
    set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS_INIT " ${COMPILE_RULE_FLAG} -masm=auto -c -gdwarf-3 " CACHE STRING "global")

    #判断链接脚本是否存在
    if (NOT SECTIONS_SCRIPT_PATH)
        message(FATAL_ERROR "You not set SECTIONS_SCRIPT_PATH!")
    endif ()

    #设置链接选项
    set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "\
        --cpu=Cortex-M0+ \
        --strict \
        --scatter ${SECTIONS_SCRIPT_PATH} \
        --summary_stderr \
        --info summarysizes \
        --map --load_addr_map_info --xref --callgraph --symbols \
        --info sizes --info totals --info unused --info veneers \
    " CACHE STRING "global")

    #使能汇编
    enable_language(ASM)

endfunction()

function(CMSIS_hex)
add_custom_command(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME} POST_BUILD
        COMMAND ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}fromelf.exe --i32 -o ${PROJECT_NAME}.hex ${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
        COMMAND ${CROSS_COMPILE_PREFIX}fromelf.exe --bin -o ${PROJECT_NAME}.bin ${PROJECT_NAME}.elf )
endfunction()

参考文章