JAVA发送HTTP请求,返回HTTP响应内容,应用及实例代码

jdk 中提供了一些对无状态协议请求（http ）的支持，下面我就将我所写的一个小例子（组件）进行描述：
首先让我们先构建一个请求类（httprequester ）。
该类封装了 java 实现简单请求的代码，如下：

import java.io.bufferedreader; 
import java.io.ioexception; 
import java.io.inputstream; 
import java.io.inputstreamreader; 
import java.net.httpurlconnection; 
import java.net.url; 
import java.nio.charset.charset; 
import java.util.map; 
import java.util.vector; 

/**
 * http请求对象
 * 
 * @author yymmiinngg
 */ 
public class httprequester { 
    private string defaultcontentencoding; 

    public httprequester() { 
        this.defaultcontentencoding = charset.defaultcharset().name(); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送get请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     *            url地址
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    public httprespons sendget(string urlstring) throws ioexception { 
        return this.send(urlstring, "get", null, null); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送get请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     *            url地址
     * @param params
     *            参数集合
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    public httprespons sendget(string urlstring, map<string, string> params) 
            throws ioexception { 
        return this.send(urlstring, "get", params, null); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送get请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     *            url地址
     * @param params
     *            参数集合
     * @param propertys
     *            请求属性
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    public httprespons sendget(string urlstring, map<string, string> params, 
            map<string, string> propertys) throws ioexception { 
        return this.send(urlstring, "get", params, propertys); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送post请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     *            url地址
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    public httprespons sendpost(string urlstring) throws ioexception { 
        return this.send(urlstring, "post", null, null); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送post请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     *            url地址
     * @param params
     *            参数集合
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    public httprespons sendpost(string urlstring, map<string, string> params) 
            throws ioexception { 
        return this.send(urlstring, "post", params, null); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送post请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     *            url地址
     * @param params
     *            参数集合
     * @param propertys
     *            请求属性
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    public httprespons sendpost(string urlstring, map<string, string> params, 
            map<string, string> propertys) throws ioexception { 
        return this.send(urlstring, "post", params, propertys); 
    } 

    /**
     * 发送http请求
     * 
     * @param urlstring
     * @return 响映对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    private httprespons send(string urlstring, string method, 
            map<string, string> parameters, map<string, string> propertys) 
            throws ioexception { 
        httpurlconnection urlconnection = null; 

        if (method.equalsignorecase("get") && parameters != null) { 
            stringbuffer param = new stringbuffer(); 
            int i = 0; 
            for (string key : parameters.keyset()) { 
                if (i == 0) 
                    param.append("?"); 
                else 
                    param.append("&"); 
                param.append(key).append("=").append(parameters.get(key)); 
                i++; 
            } 
            urlstring += param; 
        } 
        url url = new url(urlstring); 
        urlconnection = (httpurlconnection) url.openconnection(); 

        urlconnection.setrequestmethod(method); 
        urlconnection.setdooutput(true); 
        urlconnection.setdoinput(true); 
        urlconnection.setusecaches(false); 

        if (propertys != null) 
            for (string key : propertys.keyset()) { 
                urlconnection.addrequestproperty(key, propertys.get(key)); 
            } 

        if (method.equalsignorecase("post") && parameters != null) { 
            stringbuffer param = new stringbuffer(); 
            for (string key : parameters.keyset()) { 
                param.append("&"); 
                param.append(key).append("=").append(parameters.get(key)); 
            } 
            urlconnection.getoutputstream().write(param.tostring().getbytes()); 
            urlconnection.getoutputstream().flush(); 
            urlconnection.getoutputstream().close(); 
        } 

        return this.makecontent(urlstring, urlconnection); 
    } 

    /**
     * 得到响应对象
     * 
     * @param urlconnection
     * @return 响应对象
     * @throws ioexception
     */ 
    private httprespons makecontent(string urlstring, 
            httpurlconnection urlconnection) throws ioexception { 
        httprespons httpresponser = new httprespons(); 
        try { 
            inputstream in = urlconnection.getinputstream(); 
            bufferedreader bufferedreader = new bufferedreader( 
                    new inputstreamreader(in)); 
            httpresponser.contentcollection = new vector<string>(); 
            stringbuffer temp = new stringbuffer(); 
            string line = bufferedreader.readline(); 
            while (line != null) { 
                httpresponser.contentcollection.add(line); 
                temp.append(line).append("\r\n"); 
                line = bufferedreader.readline(); 
            } 
            bufferedreader.close(); 

            string ecod = urlconnection.getcontentencoding(); 
            if (ecod == null) 
                ecod = this.defaultcontentencoding; 

            httpresponser.urlstring = urlstring; 

            httpresponser.defaultport = urlconnection.geturl().getdefaultport(); 
            httpresponser.file = urlconnection.geturl().getfile(); 
            httpresponser.host = urlconnection.geturl().gethost(); 
            httpresponser.path = urlconnection.geturl().getpath(); 
            httpresponser.port = urlconnection.geturl().getport(); 
            httpresponser.protocol = urlconnection.geturl().getprotocol(); 
            httpresponser.query = urlconnection.geturl().getquery(); 
            httpresponser.ref = urlconnection.geturl().getref(); 
            httpresponser.userinfo = urlconnection.geturl().getuserinfo(); 

            httpresponser.content = new string(temp.tostring().getbytes(), ecod); 
            httpresponser.contentencoding = ecod; 
            httpresponser.code = urlconnection.getresponsecode(); 
            httpresponser.message = urlconnection.getresponsemessage(); 
            httpresponser.contenttype = urlconnection.getcontenttype(); 
            httpresponser.method = urlconnection.getrequestmethod(); 
            httpresponser.connecttimeout = urlconnection.getconnecttimeout(); 
            httpresponser.readtimeout = urlconnection.getreadtimeout(); 

            return httpresponser; 
        } catch (ioexception e) { 
            throw e; 
        } finally { 
            if (urlconnection != null) 
                urlconnection.disconnect(); 
        } 
    } 

    /**
     * 默认的响应字符集
     */ 
    public string getdefaultcontentencoding() { 
        return this.defaultcontentencoding; 
    } 

    /**
     * 设置默认的响应字符集
     */ 
    public void setdefaultcontentencoding(string defaultcontentencoding) { 
        this.defaultcontentencoding = defaultcontentencoding; 
    } 
} 

其次我们来看看响应对象（httprespons ）。 响应对象其实只是一个数据bean ，由此来封装请求响应的结果数据，如下：

import java.util.vector; 

/**
 * 响应对象
 */ 
public class httprespons { 

    string urlstring; 

    int defaultport; 

    string file; 

    string host; 

    string path; 

    int port; 

    string protocol; 

    string query; 

    string ref; 

    string userinfo; 

    string contentencoding; 

    string content; 

    string contenttype; 

    int code; 

    string message; 

    string method; 

    int connecttimeout; 

    int readtimeout; 

    vector<string> contentcollection; 

    public string getcontent() { 
        return content; 
    } 

    public string getcontenttype() { 
        return contenttype; 
    } 

    public int getcode() { 
        return code; 
    } 

    public string getmessage() { 
        return message; 
    } 

    public vector<string> getcontentcollection() { 
        return contentcollection; 
    } 

    public string getcontentencoding() { 
        return contentencoding; 
    } 

    public string getmethod() { 
        return method; 
    } 

    public int getconnecttimeout() { 
        return connecttimeout; 
    } 

    public int getreadtimeout() { 
        return readtimeout; 
    } 

    public string geturlstring() { 
        return urlstring; 
    } 

    public int getdefaultport() { 
        return defaultport; 
    } 

    public string getfile() { 
        return file; 
    } 

    public string gethost() { 
        return host; 
    } 

    public string getpath() { 
        return path; 
    } 

    public int getport() { 
        return port; 
    } 

    public string getprotocol() { 
        return protocol; 
    } 

    public string getquery() { 
        return query; 
    } 

    public string getref() { 
        return ref; 
    } 

    public string getuserinfo() { 
        return userinfo; 
    } 

} 

最后，让我们写一个应用类，测试以上代码是否正确

import com.yao.http.httprequester; 
import com.yao.http.httprespons; 

public class test { 
    public static void main(string[] args) { 
        try { 
            httprequester request = new httprequester(); 
            httprespons hr = request.sendget("//www.jb51.net"); 

            system.out.println(hr.geturlstring()); 
            system.out.println(hr.getprotocol()); 
            system.out.println(hr.gethost()); 
            system.out.println(hr.getport()); 
            system.out.println(hr.getcontentencoding()); 
            system.out.println(hr.getmethod()); 

            system.out.println(hr.getcontent()); 

        } catch (exception e) { 
            e.printstacktrace(); 
        } 
    } 
}