Java实现微信网页授权的示例代码

开发前的准备：

1、需要有一个公众号（我这里用的测试号），拿到appid和appsecret；

2、进入公众号开发者中心页配置授权回调域名。具体位置：接口权限-网页服务-网页账号-网页授权获取用户基本信息-修改

注意，这里仅需填写全域名（如www.qq.com、www.baidu.com），勿加 http:// 等协议头及具体的地址字段；

　我们可以通过使用ngrok来虚拟一个域名映射到本地开发环境，网址https://www.ngrok.cc/，大家自己去下载学习怎么使用

同时还需要扫一下这个二维码

授权步骤：

1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code

2、通过code换取网页授权access_token（与基础支持中的access_token不同）

3、通过网页授权access_token和openid获取用户基本信息

先看一下我的项目结构：

web.xml相关代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="webapp_id" version="3.0">
 <display-name>wxauth</display-name>
 <welcome-file-list>
  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>
  
 <servlet>
   <servlet-name>wxcallback</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>com.xingshang.servlet.callbackserclet</servlet-class>
   <init-param>
     <param-name>dburl</param-name>
     <param-value>jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/wxauth</param-value>
   </init-param>
   <init-param>
     <param-name>driverclassname</param-name>
     <param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.driver</param-value>
   </init-param>
   <init-param>
     <param-name>username</param-name>
     <param-value>root</param-value>
   </init-param>
   <init-param>
     <param-name>password</param-name>
     <param-value>123456</param-value>
   </init-param>
   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 
 <servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>wxcallback</servlet-name>
   <url-pattern>/wxcallback</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 
</web-app>

authutil工具类：

package com.xingshang.util;
import java.io.ioexception;
import org.apache.http.httpentity;
import org.apache.http.httpresponse;
import org.apache.http.client.clientprotocolexception;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.httpget;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.defaulthttpclient;
import org.apache.http.util.entityutils;
import net.sf.json.jsonobject;

public class authutil {
  
  public static final string appid = "wx45c1428e5584fcdb";
  public static final string appsecret = "98174450eb706ada330f37e646be85d5";

  public static jsonobject dogetjson(string url) throws clientprotocolexception, ioexception{
    jsonobject jsonobject = null;
    //首先初始化httpclient对象
    defaulthttpclient client = new defaulthttpclient();
    //通过get方式进行提交
    httpget httpget = new httpget(url);
    //通过httpclient的execute方法进行发送请求
    httpresponse response = client.execute(httpget);
    //从response里面拿自己想要的结果
    httpentity entity = response.getentity();
    if(entity != null){
      string result = entityutils.tostring(entity,"utf-8");
      jsonobject = jsonobject.fromobject(result);
    }
    //把链接释放掉
    httpget.releaseconnection();
    return jsonobject;
  }
}

java实现：

1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code

这一步其实就是将需要授权的页面url拼接到微信的认证请求接口里面，比如需要用户在访问页面 时进行授权认证

其中的scope参数有两个值：

snsapi_base：只能获取到用户openid。好处是静默认证，无需用户手动点击认证按钮，感觉上像是直接进入网站一样。

snsapi_userinfo：可以获取到openid、昵称、头像、所在地等信息。需要用户手动点击认证按钮。

相关代码

package com.xingshang.servlet;

import java.io.ioexception;
import java.net.urlencoder;

import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.annotation.webservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;

import com.xingshang.util.authutil;

/**
 * 入口地址
 * @author administrator
 *
 */
@webservlet("/wxlogin")
public class loginservlet extends httpservlet {

  /**
   * 
   */
  private static final long serialversionuid = 1l;

  @override
  protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
    
    //第一步：引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code
    
    //回调地址
//    string backurl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/wxauth/callback";  //第1种情况使用
    string backurl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/wxauth/wxcallback";//第2种情况使用，这里是web.xml中的路径
    
    //授权页面地址
    string url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid="+authutil.appid
        + "&redirect_uri="+urlencoder.encode(backurl)
        + "&response_type=code"
        + "&scope=snsapi_userinfo"
        + "&state=state#wechat_redirect";
    
    //重定向到授权页面
    response.sendredirect(url);
  }
}

2、通过第一步获取的code换取网页授权access_token（与基础支持中的access_token不同）

这一步需要在控制器中获取微信回传给我们的code，通过这个code来请求access_token，通过access_token和openid获取用户基本信息:

相关代码:

package com.xingshang.servlet;

import java.io.ioexception;
import java.sql.connection;
import java.sql.drivermanager;
import java.sql.preparedstatement;
import java.sql.resultset;
import java.sql.sqlexception;

import javax.servlet.servletconfig;
import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.annotation.webservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;

import com.xingshang.util.authutil;

import net.sf.json.jsonobject;

/**
 * 回调地址
 * @author administrator
 *
 */
//@webservlet("/callback")
public class callbackserclet extends httpservlet {

  /**
   * 
   */
  private static final long serialversionuid = 1l;
  
  private string dburl;
  private string driverclassname;
  private string username;
  private string password;
  
  private connection conn =null;
  private preparedstatement ps =null;
  private resultset rs = null;
  
  //初始化数据库
  @override
  public void init(servletconfig config) throws servletexception {
    
    //加载驱动
    try {
      this.dburl = config.getinitparameter("dburl");
      this.driverclassname = config.getinitparameter("driverclassname");
      this.username = config.getinitparameter("username");
      this.password = config.getinitparameter("password");
      class.forname(driverclassname);
    } catch (classnotfoundexception e) {
      // todo auto-generated catch block
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
  }
  
  
  @override
  protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
    
    //第二步：通过code换取网页授权access_token
    
    //从request里面获取code参数(当微信服务器访问回调地址的时候，会把code参数传递过来)
    string code = request.getparameter("code");
    
    system.out.println("code:"+code);
    
    //获取code后，请求以下链接获取access_token
    string url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=" + authutil.appid
        + "&secret=" + authutil.appsecret
        + "&code=" + code
        + "&grant_type=authorization_code";
    
    //通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口
    jsonobject jsonobject = authutil.dogetjson(url);
    
    system.out.println("==========================jsonobject"+jsonobject);
    
    //从返回的json数据中取出access_token和openid，拉取用户信息时用
    string token = jsonobject.getstring("access_token");
    string openid = jsonobject.getstring("openid");
    
    // 第三步：刷新access_token（如果需要）

    // 第四步：拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)
    string infourl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + token
        + "&openid=" + openid
        + "&lang=zh_cn";
    //通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口
    jsonobject userinfo = authutil.dogetjson(infourl);
    
    system.out.println(userinfo);
    
    
    //第1种情况：使用微信用户信息直接登录，无需注册和绑定
//    request.setattribute("info", userinfo);
    //直接跳转
//    request.getrequestdispatcher("/index1.jsp").forward(request, response);
    
    
    //第2种情况： 将微信与当前系统的账号进行绑定(需将第1种情况和@webservlet("/callback")注释掉)
    //第一步，根据当前openid查询数据库，看是否该账号已经进行绑定
    try {
      string nickname = getnickname(openid);
      if(!"".equals(nickname)){
        //已绑定
        request.setattribute("nickname", nickname);
        request.getrequestdispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);
      }else{
        //未绑定
        request.setattribute("openid", openid);
        request.getrequestdispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
      }
    } catch (sqlexception e) {
      // todo auto-generated catch block
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    
  }

  //数据库的查询
  public string getnickname(string openid) throws sqlexception{
    string nickname = "";
    //创建数据库链接
    conn = drivermanager.getconnection(dburl, username, password);
    string sql = "select nickname from user where openid = ?";
    ps = conn.preparestatement(sql);
    ps.setstring(1, openid);
    rs = ps.executequery();
    while (rs.next()) {
      nickname = rs.getstring("nickname");
    }
    
    //关闭链接
    rs.close();
    ps.close();
    conn.close();
    
    return nickname;
  }
  
  //数据库的修改(openid的綁定)
  public int updateuser(string account,string password,string openid) throws sqlexception{
    
    //创建数据库链接
    conn = drivermanager.getconnection(dburl, username, password);
    string sql = "update user set openid = ? where account = ? and password = ?";
    ps = conn.preparestatement(sql);
    ps.setstring(1, openid);
    ps.setstring(2, account);
    ps.setstring(3, password);
    int temp = ps.executeupdate();
    
    //关闭链接
    rs.close();
    ps.close();
    conn.close();
    
    return temp;
  }
  
  //post方法，用来接受登录请求
  @override
  protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
    
    string account = request.getparameter("account");
    string password = request.getparameter("password");
    string openid = request.getparameter("openid");
    
    try {
      int temp = updateuser(account, password, openid); 
      
      if(temp > 0){
        string nickname = getnickname(openid);
        request.setattribute("nickname", nickname);
        request.getrequestdispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);
        system.out.println("账号绑定成功");
      }else{
        system.out.println("账号绑定失败");
      }
      
    } catch (sqlexception e) {
      // todo auto-generated catch block
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    
  }
  
}

login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"
  pageencoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
  <form action="/wxauth/wxcallback" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="account" />
    <input type="password" name="password" />
    <input type="hidden" name="openid" value="${openid }" />
    <input type="submit" value="提交并绑定" />
  </form>
</body>
</html>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"
  pageencoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>insert title here</title>
</head>
<body style="font-size: 40px; text-align: center;">
  <a href="/wxauth/wxlogin" rel="external nofollow" >微信公众授权登录</a>
</body>
</html>

index1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"
  pageencoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
  <div>登陆成功！</div>
  <div>用户昵称:${info.nickname}</div>
  <div>用户头像:<img style="text-align: top;" width="100" src="${info.headimgurl }"></div>
</body>
</html>

index2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"
  pageencoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
  <div>登陆成功！</div>
  <div>用户昵称:${nickname}</div>
</body>
</html>

最后附上需要的jar包

到此，微信授权登录成功，如果有运行问题请自行调试，我这边能正常运行的

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。