【Spring in action】SpringMVC基于xml及java配置的简单运用

程序员文章站 2024-02-15 12:05:17

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一、SpringMVC使用步骤

1、DispatchServlet分发器

2、查询处理器映射handler mapping

3、DispatchServlet分发器将请求发送给选中的Controller控制器

4、Controller将模型数据和视图名发送会DispatchServlet分发器

5、视图解析器viewResolver匹配特定的试图实现，例如JSP

二、原有的老套路，配置web.xml的方式：

1、web.xml配置DispatchServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2、springmvc-servlet.xml配置handler mapping ，视图解析器viewResolver，Controller控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
	<!-- 配置handlerMapping -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 前缀 :说明如果直接放在web-inf下，不需要加前缀-->
		<property name="prefix" value="WEB-INF/view/"></property>
		<!-- 后缀 ： -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置controller -->
	<bean name="/hello.do" class="Controller.HelloController"></bean>
</beans>

3、HelloController

package Controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

public class HelloController extends AbstractController {
	@Override
	protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String hello = request.getParameter("hello");
		System.out.println("-----"+hello);
		//返回到index页面
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
		mav.addObject("helloworld", "hello"+hello);
		return mav;
	}
}

4、在指定位置WEB-INF/view/新建index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>${helloworld}</h1>
</body>
</html>

5、写一个hello.jsp给Controller提供入参：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="hello.do" method="post">
	hello:<input type="text" name="hello">
	<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

6.测试一下/SpringMVC/hello.jsp链接: 输入faith得到结果：hellofaith

三、通过Java配置SpringMVC：

1.配置DispatcherServlet，代替web.xml

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

//配置DispatcherServlet
public class SpittrWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer{
	
	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new Class<?>[]{RootConfig.class};
	}

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new Class<?>[]{WebConfig.class};
	}

	@Override
	protected String[] getServletMappings() {
		// TODO 将dispatcherServlet映射到"/"
		return new String[]{"/"};
	}

}

2、配置一个RootConfig（该类的功能暂时可忽略）

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"spittr"},excludeFilters={@Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION,value=EnableWebMvc.class)})
public class RootConfig {

}

3、配置WebConfig：用来代替springmvc-servlet.xml

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("spittr.web")
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{
	@Bean
	public ViewResolver viewResolver(){
		InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
		resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
		resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
		return resolver;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		configurer.enable();
	}
}

4、写一个Controller（HomeController）放在spittr.web目录下，并通过注解@Controller：

package spittr.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class HomeController {
	@RequestMapping(value="/",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String home() {
		return "home";
	}
}

5、上面return home，会去视图解析器配置的路径resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/")下找。写一个符合条件的home.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Welcome,hello World
</body>
</html>

6、目录结构及导包一览：

【Spring in action】SpringMVC基于xml及java配置的简单运用

相关标签： java spring mvc web框架读书笔记

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【Spring in action】SpringMVC基于xml及java配置的简单运用

一、SpringMVC使用步骤

二、原有的老套路，配置web.xml的方式：

1、web.xml配置DispatchServlet

2、springmvc-servlet.xml配置handler mapping ，视图解析器viewResolver，Controller控制器

3、HelloController

4、在指定位置WEB-INF/view/新建index.jsp

5、写一个hello.jsp给Controller提供入参：

6.测试一下/SpringMVC/hello.jsp链接: 输入faith得到结果：hellofaith

三、通过Java配置SpringMVC：

1.配置DispatcherServlet，代替web.xml

2、配置一个RootConfig（该类的功能暂时可忽略）

3、配置WebConfig：用来代替springmvc-servlet.xml

4、写一个Controller（HomeController）放在spittr.web目录下，并通过注解@Controller：

5、上面return home，会去视图解析器配置的路径resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/")下找。写一个符合条件的home.jsp

6、目录结构及导包一览：

【Spring in action】SpringMVC基于xml及java配置的简单运用

【Spring in action】基于Java配置SpringMVC中使用Spring及SpringMVC各种请求详解