灵活掌握asp.net中gridview控件的多种使用方法（上）

灵活使用asp.net中gridview控件的方法有很多种，本文内容很富，希望大家都能有所收获。

1.gridview无代码分页排序：

效果图：

小提示：

1.allowsorting设为true，aspx代码中是allowsorting="true"；
2.默认1页10条，如果要修改每页条数，修改pagesize即可，在aspx代码中是pagesize="12"。
3.默认的是单向排序的，右击gridview弹出“属性”，选择allowsorting为true即可。

2.gridview选中，编辑，取消，删除：

效果图：

后台代码：
你可以使用sqlhelper,本文没用。代码如下：

using system;
using system.data;
using system.configuration;
using system.web;
using system.web.security;
using system.web.ui;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols.webparts;
using system.web.ui.htmlcontrols;
using system.data.sqlclient;

public partial class _default : system.web.ui.page
{
sqlconnection sqlcon;
sqlcommand sqlcom;
string strcon = "data source=(local);database=数据库名;uid=帐号;pwd=密码";
protected void page_load(object sender, eventargs e)
{
if (!ispostback)
{
bind();
}
}
protected void gridview1_rowediting(object sender, gridviewediteventargs e)
{
gridview1.editindex = e.neweditindex;
bind();
}

//删除
protected void gridview1_rowdeleting(object sender, gridviewdeleteeventargs e)
{
string sqlstr = "delete from 表 where id='" + gridview1.datakeys[e.rowindex].value.tostring() + "'";
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqlcom = new sqlcommand(sqlstr,sqlcon);
sqlcon.open();
sqlcom.executenonquery();
sqlcon.close();
bind();
}

//更新
protected void gridview1_rowupdating(object sender, gridviewupdateeventargs e)
{
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
string sqlstr = "update 表 set 字段1='"
+ ((textbox)(gridview1.rows[e.rowindex].cells[1].controls[0])).text.tostring().trim() + "',字段2='"
+ ((textbox)(gridview1.rows[e.rowindex].cells[2].controls[0])).text.tostring().trim() + "',字段3='"
+ ((textbox)(gridview1.rows[e.rowindex].cells[3].controls[0])).text.tostring().trim() + "' where id='"
+ gridview1.datakeys[e.rowindex].value.tostring() + "'";
sqlcom=new sqlcommand(sqlstr,sqlcon);
sqlcon.open();
sqlcom.executenonquery();
sqlcon.close();
gridview1.editindex = -1;
bind();
}

//取消
protected void gridview1_rowcancelingedit(object sender, gridviewcancelediteventargs e)
{
gridview1.editindex = -1;
bind();
}

//绑定
public void bind()
{
string sqlstr = "select * from 表";
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqldataadapter myda = new sqldataadapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);
dataset myds = new dataset();
sqlcon.open();
myda.fill(myds, "表");
gridview1.datasource = myds;
gridview1.datakeynames = new string[] { "id" };//主键
gridview1.databind();
sqlcon.close();
}
} 

前台主要代码：

... ...
<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" cellpadding="4"
forecolor="#333333" gridlines="none" onrowdeleting="gridview1_rowdeleting" onrowediting="gridview1_rowediting"
onrowupdating="gridview1_rowupdating" onrowcancelingedit="gridview1_rowcancelingedit">
<footerstyle backcolor="#990000" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<columns>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="用户id" readonly="true" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="用户姓名" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="员工性别" headertext="性别" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="家庭住址" headertext="家庭住址" />
<asp:commandfield headertext="选择" showselectbutton="true" />
<asp:commandfield headertext="编辑" showeditbutton="true" />
<asp:commandfield headertext="删除" showdeletebutton="true" />
</columns>
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>

3.gridview正反双向排序：
效果图：点姓名各2次的排序，点其他也一样可以。

后台代码：

using system;
using system.data;
using system.configuration;
using system.collections;
using system.web;
using system.web.security;
using system.web.ui;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols.webparts;
using system.web.ui.htmlcontrols;
using system.data.sqlclient;
public partial class default3 : system.web.ui.page
{

sqlconnection sqlcon;
string strcon = "data source=(local);database=北风贸易;uid=sa;pwd=";
protected void page_load(object sender, eventargs e)
{
if (!ispostback)
{
viewstate["sortorder"] = "身份证号码";
viewstate["orderdire"] = "asc";
bind();
}
}
protected void gridview1_sorting(object sender, gridviewsorteventargs e)
{
string spage = e.sortexpression;
if (viewstate["sortorder"].tostring() == spage)
{
if (viewstate["orderdire"].tostring() == "desc")
viewstate["orderdire"] = "asc";
else
viewstate["orderdire"] = "desc";
}
else
{
viewstate["sortorder"] = e.sortexpression;
}
bind();
}

public void bind()
{

string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqldataadapter myda = new sqldataadapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);
dataset myds = new dataset();
sqlcon.open();
myda.fill(myds, "飞狐工作室");
dataview view = myds.tables["飞狐工作室"].defaultview;
string sort = (string)viewstate["sortorder"] + " " + (string)viewstate["orderdire"];
view.sort = sort;
gridview1.datasource = view;
gridview1.databind();
sqlcon.close();
}
}

前台主要代码：

<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" allowsorting="true" 
cellpadding="3" font-size="9pt" onsorting="gridview1_sorting" backcolor="white" bordercolor="#cccccc" borderstyle="none" borderwidth="1px">
<footerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" />
<columns>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="用户id" sortexpression="身份证号码" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="用户姓名" sortexpression="姓名"/>
<asp:boundfield datafield="员工性别" headertext="性别" sortexpression="员工性别"/>
<asp:boundfield datafield="家庭住址" headertext="家庭住址" sortexpression="家庭住址"/>

</columns>
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>

4.gridview和下拉菜单dropdownlist结合：

效果图：

后台代码：

using system;
using system.data;
using system.configuration;
using system.collections;
using system.web;
using system.web.security;
using system.web.ui;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols.webparts;
using system.web.ui.htmlcontrols;
using system.data.sqlclient;
public partial class default4 : system.web.ui.page
{
sqlconnection sqlcon;
string strcon = "data source=(local);database=北风贸易;uid=sa;pwd=sa";
protected void page_load(object sender, eventargs e)
{
dropdownlist ddl;
if (!ispostback)
{
string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqldataadapter myda = new sqldataadapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);
dataset myds = new dataset();
sqlcon.open();
myda.fill(myds, "飞狐工作室");
gridview1.datasource = myds;
gridview1.databind();
for (int i = 0; i <= gridview1.rows.count - 1; i++)
{
datarowview mydrv = myds.tables["飞狐工作室"].defaultview[i];
if (convert.tostring(mydrv["员工性别"]).trim() == "true")
{
ddl = (dropdownlist)gridview1.rows[i].findcontrol("dropdownlist1");
ddl.selectedindex = 0;
}
if (convert.tostring(mydrv["员工性别"]).trim() == "false")
{
ddl = (dropdownlist)gridview1.rows[i].findcontrol("dropdownlist1");
ddl.selectedindex = 1;
}
}
sqlcon.close();
}
}
public sqldatareader ddlbind()
{
string sqlstr = "select distinct 员工性别 from 飞狐工作室";
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqlcommand sqlcom = new sqlcommand(sqlstr, sqlcon);
sqlcon.open();
return sqlcom.executereader();
}

前台主要代码：

<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" allowsorting="true" 
cellpadding="3" font-size="9pt" backcolor="white" bordercolor="#cccccc" borderstyle="none" borderwidth="1px">
<footerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" />
<columns>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="用户id" sortexpression="身份证号码" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="用户姓名" sortexpression="姓名"/>
<asp:templatefield headertext="员工性别">
<itemtemplate>
<asp:dropdownlist id="dropdownlist1" runat="server" datasource='<%# ddlbind()%>' datavaluefield="员工性别" datatextfield="员工性别">
</asp:dropdownlist>
</itemtemplate>
</asp:templatefield>
<asp:boundfield datafield="家庭住址" headertext="家庭住址" sortexpression="家庭住址"/>

</columns>
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>

 5.gridview和checkbox结合：

效果图：

后台代码：

using system;
using system.data;
using system.configuration;
using system.web;
using system.web.security;
using system.web.ui;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols;
using system.web.ui.webcontrols.webparts;
using system.web.ui.htmlcontrols;
using system.data.sqlclient;

public partial class default5 : system.web.ui.page
{
sqlconnection sqlcon;
string strcon = "data source=(local);database=北风贸易;uid=sa;pwd=sa";
protected void page_load(object sender, eventargs e)
{
if (!ispostback)
{
bind();
}
}
protected void checkbox2_checkedchanged(object sender, eventargs e)
{
for (int i = 0; i <= gridview1.rows.count - 1; i++)
{
checkbox cbox = (checkbox)gridview1.rows[i].findcontrol("checkbox1");
if (checkbox2.checked == true)
{
cbox.checked = true;
}
else
{
cbox.checked = false;
}
}
}
protected void button2_click(object sender, eventargs e)
{
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqlcommand sqlcom;
for (int i = 0; i <= gridview1.rows.count - 1; i++)
{
checkbox cbox = (checkbox)gridview1.rows[i].findcontrol("checkbox1");
if (cbox.checked == true)
{

string sqlstr = "delete from 飞狐工作室 where 身份证号码='" + gridview1.datakeys[i].value + "'";
sqlcom = new sqlcommand(sqlstr, sqlcon);
sqlcon.open();
sqlcom.executenonquery();
sqlcon.close();
}
}
bind();
}
protected void button1_click(object sender, eventargs e)
{
checkbox2.checked = false;
for (int i = 0; i <= gridview1.rows.count - 1; i++)
{
checkbox cbox = (checkbox)gridview1.rows[i].findcontrol("checkbox1");
cbox.checked = false;
}
}
public void bind()
{
string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";
sqlcon = new sqlconnection(strcon);
sqldataadapter myda = new sqldataadapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);
dataset myds = new dataset();
sqlcon.open();
myda.fill(myds, "tb_member");
gridview1.datasource = myds;
gridview1.datakeynames = new string[] { "身份证号码" };
gridview1.databind();
sqlcon.close();
}
}

前台主要代码：

<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" allowsorting="true" 
cellpadding="3" font-size="9pt" backcolor="white" bordercolor="#cccccc" borderstyle="none" borderwidth="1px">
<footerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" />
<columns>
<asp:templatefield>
<itemtemplate>
<asp:checkbox id="checkbox1" runat="server" />
</itemtemplate>
</asp:templatefield>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="用户id" sortexpression="身份证号码" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="用户姓名" sortexpression="姓名"/>

<asp:boundfield datafield="家庭住址" headertext="家庭住址" sortexpression="家庭住址"/>

</columns>
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>
<asp:checkbox id="checkbox2" runat="server" font-size="9pt" oncheckedchanged="checkbox2_checkedchanged"
text="全选" />
<asp:button id="button1" runat="server" font-size="9pt" text="取消" onclick="button1_click" />
<asp:button id="button2" runat="server" font-size="9pt" text="删除" onclick="button2_click" />

 6.鼠标移到gridview某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一：

效果图：

 

做法：
双击gridview的onrowdatabound事件；
在后台的gridview1_rowdatabound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void gridview1_rowdatabound(object sender, gridviewroweventargs e)
{
int i;
//执行循环，保证每条数据都可以更新
for (i = 0; i < gridview1.rows.count; i++)
{
//首先判断是否是数据行
if (e.row.rowtype == datacontrolrowtype.datarow)
{
//当鼠标停留时更改背景色
e.row.attributes.add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundcolor;this.style.backgroundcolor='#00a9ff'");
//当鼠标移开时还原背景色
e.row.attributes.add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundcolor=c");
}
}

}

前台代码：

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>实现鼠标划过改变gridview的行背景色 清清月儿http://blog.csdn.net/21aspnet </title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" datakeynames="身份证号码"
datasourceid="sqldatasource1" allowsorting="true" backcolor="white" bordercolor="#cccccc" borderstyle="none" borderwidth="1px" cellpadding="3" font-size="12px" onrowdatabound="gridview1_rowdatabound">
<columns>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="身份证号码" readonly="true" sortexpression="身份证号码" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="姓名" sortexpression="姓名" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="家庭住址" headertext="家庭住址" sortexpression="家庭住址" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="邮政编码" headertext="邮政编码" sortexpression="邮政编码" />
</columns>
<footerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" />
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>
<asp:sqldatasource id="sqldatasource1" runat="server" connectionstring="<%$ connectionstrings:北风贸易connectionstring1 %>"
selectcommand="select top 5 [身份证号码], [姓名], [员工性别], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] from [飞狐工作室]" datasourcemode="datareader"></asp:sqldatasource>

</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

7.鼠标移到gridview某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二：

效果图：

做法：和上面的一样就是代码不同

protected void gridview1_rowdatabound(object sender, gridviewroweventargs e)
{
//int i;
////执行循环，保证每条数据都可以更新
//for (i = 0; i < gridview1.rows.count; i++)
//{
// //首先判断是否是数据行
// if (e.row.rowtype == datacontrolrowtype.datarow)
// {
// //当鼠标停留时更改背景色
// e.row.attributes.add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundcolor;this.style.backgroundcolor='#00a9ff'");
// //当鼠标移开时还原背景色
// e.row.attributes.add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundcolor=c");
// }
//}
//如果是绑定数据行
if (e.row.rowtype == datacontrolrowtype.datarow)
{
//鼠标经过时，行背景色变
e.row.attributes.add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundcolor='#e6f5fa'");
//鼠标移出时，行背景色变
e.row.attributes.add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundcolor='#ffffff'");
}

}

8.gridview实现删除时弹出确认对话框：

效果图：

实现方法：
双击gridview的onrowdatabound事件；
在后台的gridview1_rowdatabound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void gridview1_rowdatabound(object sender, gridviewroweventargs e)
{
//如果是绑定数据行
if (e.row.rowtype == datacontrolrowtype.datarow)
{
if (e.row.rowstate == datacontrolrowstate.normal || e.row.rowstate == datacontrolrowstate.alternate)
{
((linkbutton)e.row.cells[6].controls[0]).attributes.add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.row.cells[1].text + "/"吗?')");
}
}

}

9.gridview实现自动编号：

效果图：

实现方法：
双击gridview的onrowdatabound事件；
在后台的gridview1_rowdatabound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void gridview1_rowdatabound(object sender, gridviewroweventargs e)
{
//如果是绑定数据行

if (e.row.rowtype == datacontrolrowtype.datarow)
{
////鼠标经过时，行背景色变
//e.row.attributes.add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundcolor='#e6f5fa'");
////鼠标移出时，行背景色变
//e.row.attributes.add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundcolor='#ffffff'");

////当有编辑列时，避免出错，要加的rowstate判断
//if (e.row.rowstate == datacontrolrowstate.normal || e.row.rowstate == datacontrolrowstate.alternate)
//{
// ((linkbutton)e.row.cells[6].controls[0]).attributes.add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.row.cells[1].text + "/"吗?')");
//}

}
if (e.row.rowindex != -1)
{
int id = e.row.rowindex + 1;
e.row.cells[0].text = id.tostring();
}

}

 注意这时最好把前台的第一列的表头该为“编号”，因为以前的第一列被“吃掉”了。

<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" cellpadding="3" onrowdeleting="gridview1_rowdeleting" onrowediting="gridview1_rowediting"
onrowupdating="gridview1_rowupdating" onrowcancelingedit="gridview1_rowcancelingedit" backcolor="white" bordercolor="#cccccc" borderstyle="none" borderwidth="1px" font-size="12px" onrowdatabound="gridview1_rowdatabound">
<footerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" />
<columns>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="编号" readonly="true" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="用户姓名" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="员工性别" headertext="性别" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="家庭住址" headertext="家庭住址" />
<asp:commandfield headertext="选择" showselectbutton="true" />
<asp:commandfield headertext="编辑" showeditbutton="true" />
<asp:commandfield headertext="删除" showdeletebutton="true" />
</columns>
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>

10.gridview实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式：

效果图：
图1-未格式化前

 

图2-格式化后

 

解决方法：
在asp.net 2.0中，如果要在绑定列中显示比如日期格式等，如果用下面的方法是显示不了的

<asp :boundfield datafield="creationdate"
dataformatstring="{0:m-dd-yyyy}"
headertext="creationdate" />

主要是由于htmlencode属性默认设置为true,已防止xss攻击，安全起见而用的，所以，可以有以下两种方法解决

第一种：

<asp :gridview id="gridview1" runat="server">
<columns>
<asp :boundfield datafield="creationdate"
dataformatstring="{0:m-dd-yyyy}"
htmlencode="false"
headertext="creationdate" />
</columns>
</asp>

将htmlencode设置为false即可

另外的解决方法为，使用模版列

<asp :gridview id="gridview3" runat="server" >
<columns>
<asp :templatefield headertext="creationdate" >
<edititemtemplate>
<asp :label id="label1" runat="server"
text='<%# eval_r("creationdate", "{0:m-dd-yyyy}") %>'>
</asp>
</edititemtemplate>
<itemtemplate>
<asp :label id="label1" runat="server"
text='<%# bind("creationdate", "{0:m-dd-yyyy}") %>'>
</asp>
</itemtemplate>
</asp>
</columns>
</asp>

前台代码：

<asp:gridview id="gridview1" runat="server" datakeynames="身份证号码"
datasourceid="sqldatasource1" allowsorting="true" backcolor="white" bordercolor="#cccccc" borderstyle="none" borderwidth="1px" cellpadding="3" font-size="12px" onrowdatabound="gridview1_rowdatabound">
<columns>
<asp:boundfield datafield="身份证号码" headertext="身份证号码" readonly="true" sortexpression="身份证号码" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="姓名" headertext="姓名" sortexpression="姓名" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="邮政编码" headertext="邮政编码" sortexpression="邮政编码" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="出生日期" headertext="出生日期" sortexpression="出生日期" />
<asp:boundfield datafield="起薪" headertext="起薪" sortexpression="起薪" />
</columns>
<footerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" />
<rowstyle forecolor="#000066" />
<selectedrowstyle backcolor="#669999" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
<pagerstyle backcolor="white" forecolor="#000066" horizontalalign="left" />
<headerstyle backcolor="#006699" font-bold="true" forecolor="white" />
</asp:gridview>
<asp:sqldatasource id="sqldatasource1" runat="server" connectionstring="<%$ connectionstrings:北风贸易connectionstring1 %>"
selectcommand="select top 5 [出生日期], [起薪], [身份证号码], [姓名], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] from [飞狐工作室]" datasourcemode="datareader"></asp:sqldatasource>

附录-常用格式化公式：
{0:c} 货币；
{0:d4}由0填充的4个字符宽的字段中显示整数；
{0:000.0}四舍五入小数点保留第几位有效数字；
{0:n2}小数点保留2位有效数字；{0:n2}% 小数点保留2位有效数字加百分号；
{0:d}长日期；{0:d}短日期；{0:yy-mm-dd} 例如07-3-25；；{0:yyyy-mm-dd} 例如2007-3-25

为大家附3个精彩的专题：

asp.net控件使用手册

asp.net数据绑定控件使用汇总

asp.net控件使用汇总

以上就是asp.net中gridview控件的多种使用方法的第一篇，内容很丰富，之后还有终结篇，希望大家不要错过。