MySQL 的安装和使用

MySQL （发音为 My Ess Que Ell）是 Tcx 公司（http://www.tcx.se）开发的一个多人使用、多执行绪的 SQL 资料库 Server。MySQL

MySQL

一、MySQL的下载

　　

二、MySQL 的安装

　　本文所使用的

　　

　　取得

# cd /usr/local

# tar zxvf mysql-3.22.27.tar.gz

# cd mysql-3.22.27

设定

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \

#--with-charset=big5

　　开始编译并安装：

# make

# make install

# scripts/mysql_install_db

　　最后一个步骤是用来产生

三、启动、停止 MySQL

　　要启动

# /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql.server start

　　注意在第一次执行前，须将

　　要停止 MySQL 的方法：

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin shutdown

　　如果你为

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown

四、管理与使用 MySQL 简介

　　在你开始前

mysql 的使用语法如下：

mysql [-u username] [-h host] [-p[password]] [dbname]

　　

　　在你第一次安装好

　　使用

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 201 to server version: 3.22.27

Type 'help' for help.

mysql>

　　在下了

（

mysql> update user set password=password('新密码') where user='root';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 2 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit

Bye

　　注意每个指令后要加上一个分号

在更新

mysql -u root -p新密码

或者是这样，，让

mysql -u root -p

　　（2）资料库维护

　　接下来，我们以简单的通讯录资料库作为例子，来介绍如何用 mysql 工具程序来做资料库的维护（新增、授权、资料表维护等）。

　　首先，以

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 207 to server version: 3.22.27

Type 'help' for help.

mysql> create databae addbook;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

指定使用

mysql> use addbook;

Database changed

mysql> create table friends (

　　-> name Char(15),

　　-> telphone VarChar(20),

　　-> icq Char(10),

　　-> address VarChar(30)

　　-> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

　　新增几笔资料，并查询看看：

mysql> insert into friends values(

　　

　　-> );

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into friends (name, icq, telphone, address ) Values (

　　

　　-> );

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from friends;

+-------+----------+----------+--------------+

| name | telphone | icq | address |

+-------+----------+----------+--------------+

| maa | 29016710 | 46243046 | 台北县新庄市 |

| cxlin | 7654321 | 39425893 | 台北县 |

+-------+----------+----------+--------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

　　第二个 insert 指令指定了资料栏位的插入顺序，用法较第一个为弹性，而第一个指令必须依资料表建立结构时的顺序插入资料。

　　更新、删除资料表记录：

mysql> update friends set address = "桃园县" where name = "cxlin";

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from friends where name = "cxlin";

+-------+----------+----------+---------+

| name | telphone | icq | address |

+-------+----------+----------+---------+

| cxlin | 7654321 | 39425893 | 桃园县 |

+-------+----------+----------+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from friends where name = "maa";

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from friends;

+-------+----------+----------+---------+

| name | telphone | icq | address |

+-------+----------+----------+---------+

| cxlin | 7654321 | 39425893 | 桃园县 |

+-------+----------+----------+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

最后，建好资料库与资料表后，把

mysql> grant select, insert, update, delete

-> on addbook.*

-> to maa@localhost identified by '1234567';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

之后，可用

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u maa -p addbook

Enter password:

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 211 to server version: 3.22.27

Type 'help' for help.

mysql> status

--------------

./mysql Ver 9.36 Distrib 3.22.27, for pc-linux-gnu (i686)

Connection id: 26

Current database: addbook

Current user: maa@localhost

Server version 3.22.27

Protocol version 10

Connection Localhost via UNIX socket

UNIX socket /tmp/mysql.sock

Uptime: 2 hours 29 min 33 sec

Threads: 11 Questions: 107 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 11 Flush tables: 1

Open 7

--------------

收回资料库使用权限的方法如下（以 MySQL root 进入）：

mysql> revoke delete on addbook.* from maa@localhost;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> revoke all privileges on addbook.* from maa@localhost;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

第二个指令用来收回全部的权限。