Linux基本命令-02-文件管理

1.touch：创建文件或更新文件修改时间。
touch a.txt

[[e-mail] ~]# touch a.txt
[[e-mail] ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  a.txt  initial-setup-ks.cfg

2.cp：复制文件或文件夹
cp a.txt /home

[[e-mail] ~]# cp a.txt /home
[[e-mail] ~]# cd /home
[[e-mail] home]# ls
a.txt  Z

	 如果复制的是文件夹则需要添加参数-r
	 cp -r file  home/  
	 如果复制的过程中有同名的文件则可以使用-f进行强制覆盖。		  
	 在Linux中为什么加了-f但是没有效果？
	 取消别名：\命令
	  \cp -rf file home/

3.mv：移动文件或文件夹
mv=move
mv 文件名 路径名
mv 文件名1 文件名2

[[e-mail] ~]# mv b.txt /home
[[e-mail] ~]# cd /home
[[e-mail] home]# ls
a.txt  b.txt  Z

4.rm：删除文件或文件夹
rm=remove

	  rm  文件名

[[e-mail] home]# rm a.txt
rm：是否删除普通空文件 "a.txt"？y
[[e-mail] home]# ls
b.txt  Z

	关掉提示警告:  rm -f 文件名

[[e-mail] home]# rm -f b.txt
[[e-mail] home]# ls
Z

	删除文件夹:  rm -r 文件夹

[[e-mail] home]# mkdir file
[[e-mail] home]# ls
file  Z
[[e-mail] home]# rm -r file
rm：是否删除目录 "file"？y
[[e-mail] home]# ls
Z

	  rm -rf 文件夹

[[e-mail] home]# mkdir file
[[e-mail] home]# ls
file  Z
[[e-mail] home]# rm -rf file
[[e-mail] home]# ls
Z

5.cat:查看文件内容

	  more(也是查看，查看一大部分)和less(q=quit)(查看文件内容的一小部分)

[[e-mail] ~]# more anaconda-ks.cfg
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

#version=DEVEL
install
cdrom
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --noipv6
rootpw  --iscrypted $6$UhaJsq1A.IxwFwZN$joqiwlFqQz0PzvYKjYCKMfawvd4PgyQJikvXjUPhZguknzXoe7CVtPOu3vE7j041Ae.m4BOvlF1.Ppt
h9oMyE/
firewall --service=ssh
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
selinux --enforcing
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
#clearpart --all --drives=sda

#part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=500
#part pv.008002 --grow --size=1

#volgroup vg_leitingyan --pesize=4096 pv.008002
#logvol / --fstype=ext4 --name=lv_root --vgname=vg_leitingyan --grow --size=1024 --maxsize=51200
#logvol swap --name=lv_swap --vgname=vg_leitingyan --grow --size=2048 --maxsize=2048


%packages
@base
@client-mgmt-tools
@core
@debugging
@basic-desktop
@desktop-debugging

	  head(从文件头开始查看)和tail(从文件的尾开始查看)

[[e-mail] ~]# head  anaconda-ks.cfg
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

#version=DEVEL
install
cdrom
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --noipv6
rootpw  --iscrypted $6$UhaJsq1A.IxwFwZN$joqiwlFqQz0PzvYKjYCKMfawvd4PgyQJikvXjUPhZguknzXoe7CVtPOu3vE7j041Ae.m4BOvlF1.Ppth9oMyE/
firewall --service=ssh

[[e-mail] ~]# tail  anaconda-ks.cfg
genisoimage
device-mapper-persistent-data
abrt-gui
samba-winbind
certmonger
pam_krb5
krb5-workstation
libXmu
perl-DBD-SQLite
%end[[e-mail] ~]# 

	  注意：这个tail命令可以用来跟踪日志。

6.grep：筛选

cat anaconda-ks.cfg | grep file

%end[[e-mail] ~]# cat  anaconda-ks.cfg | grep file
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.
@network-file-system-client
[[e-mail] ~]#