Linux上手动安装MySQL

一、下载并校验md5

md5sum校验文件md5看是不是有缺失
md5sum mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
61affe944eff55fcf51b31e67f25dc10  mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

二、检查之前是否安装过MySQL

ps -ef|grep mysqld  
#先看看进程有没有，再看看rpm包有没有
rpm -qa |grep -i mysql

三、tar and mv

tar zvfx mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 
mv mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

四、创建dba用户组和mysqladmin用户

groupadd -g 101 dba		
cat /etc/group | grep dba
dba:x:101:
useradd -u 501 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
useradd: warning: the home directory already exists.# 提示用户家目录已经存在
Not copying any file from skel directory into it.	# 没有cp skel到家目录中
[[email protected] etc]# id mysqladmin
uid=501(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)
-------/etc/skel文件夹中存放了基础的用户配置，我们可以直接拿过来使用
cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql
cp: omitting directory ‘.’
cp: omitting directory 

五、创建并配置 /etc/my.cnf
需要640权限

寻找顺序：/etc/my.cnf-->/etc/mysql/my.cnf-->SYSCONFDIR/my.cnf-->$MYSQL_HOME/my.cnf-> --defaults-extra-file->~/my.cnf

cd /etc/
vi my.cnf

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M

table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600

#Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 32

#isolation level and default engine 
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

server-id  = 1
basedir     = /usr/local/mysql
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file     = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid

#open performance schema
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now

binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error  = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
#other logs
#general_log =1
#general_log_file  = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
#slow_query_log=1
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err

#for replication slave
#log-slave-updates 
#sync_binlog = 1

#for innodb options 
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 200M

#生产上 机械硬盘 sata盘 5000r 7200 10000 15000 ==> ssd 生产
 innodb_buffer_pool_size 调大 8G

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M 
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1

#innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
#purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on

#case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

修改权限
chmod 640 my.cnf
chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf

六、修改mysqladmin家目录权限

chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql

七、切换mysqladmin用户创建arch目录 存储binlog 归档日志

创建归档日志，用于数据恢复
mysql-maxwell-kafka-ss-hbase

su - mysqladmin
mkdir arch binlog
* 重新安装切记：
* rm -rf data 
* rm -rf arch

scripts/mysql_install_db  \
> --user=mysqladmin \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

八、配置服务并开机自启动

将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
#赋予可执行权限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
#删除服务
chkconfig --del mysql
#添加服务
chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
vi /etc/rc.local
在文件中追加：su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated"

九、启动mysql
service mysql start
service mysql status
service mysql stop

或者
mysqld_safe &