Mysql复制及代理
#####################################Mysql复制的作用和原理mysql-5.5实现主从复制mysql-5.6主从复制和Mysql_Proxy的实现mysql-5.6基于amoeba实现读写分离####
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Mysql复制的作用和原理
mysql-5.5实现主从复制
mysql-5.6主从复制和Mysql_Proxy的实现
mysql-5.6基于amoeba实现读写分离
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Mysql复制的作用和原理
复制的作用
复制原理
复制流程如下:
relaylog(中继日志)
mysql-5.5实现主从复制
结构图如下:
安装mysql
mkdir -pv /mydata/data useradd -r mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data tar xf mysql-5.5.28-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local cd /usr/local/ ln -sv mysql-5.5.28-linux2.6-i686 mysql cd mysql chown -R root.mysql ./* scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/ cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
Master配置
#####修改配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf datadir = /mydata/data log-bin=master-bin log-bin-index=master-bin.index innodb_file_per_table = 1 binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 sync_binlog = 1 innodb_flush_logs_at_trx_commit = 1 #####开启Slave权限用户 mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Slave配置
#####修改配置文件vim /etc/my.cnf datadir = /mydata/data relay-log = relay-log relay-log-index = relay-log.index read-only = ON server-id = 11 skip_slave_start = 1 read_only = 1 #####查看主日志文件和事件位置 mysql> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | master-bin.000001 | 340 | | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ #####开启slave复制功能 mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.131',MASTER_USER='repluser', MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=340; #####查看slave状态,可得出master二进制日志和slave中继日志的事件和位置对应未必同意所以在slave备份的时候应该记录主服务器的二进制日志,只有二进制日志才可以完成即使点还原 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: No 均为yes代表slave复制正常 #####查看复制状态 mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 192.168.1.131 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 340 Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: No Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 340 #重放到的位置 Relay_Log_Space: 107 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 0 #####开启复制进程 mysql> START SLAVE;
测试
#####Master mysql> create database soulboy; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) #####Slave mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | soulboy | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql-5.6主从复制和Mysql_Proxy的实现
复制功能的改进
支持多线程复制,事实上是针对每个database开启相应的独立线程。即每个库有一个单独的(sql thread)如果线上业务中,只有一个database或者绝大多数压力集中在个别database的话,多线程并发复制特性就没有意义了。
支持启用GTID,对运维人员来说应该是一件令人高兴的事情,在配置主从复制,传统的方式里,你需要找到binlog和POS点,然后change master to指向,而不是很有经验的运维,往往会将其找错,造成主从同步复制报错,在mysql5.6里,无须再知道binlog和POS点,需要知道master的IP、端口,账号密码即可,因为同步复制是自动的,mysql通过内部机制GTID自动找点同步。
结构图如下:
Mysql-5.6主从复制功能的实现步骤
Master配置(安装步骤省略)