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VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

程序员文章站 2022-03-18 13:42:55
环境准备: vmware+centos,jdk 一、校验系统磁盘大小 1.命令 df -h 保证可用磁盘大小15gb(包括oracle安装时需要空间7.5gb +...

环境准备:

vmware+centos,jdk

一、校验系统磁盘大小

1.命令 df -h

保证可用磁盘大小15gb(包括oracle安装时需要空间7.5gb + oracle安装zip包接近3g+安装包解压文件3g)

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

如果磁盘不满足,安装会失败,需要扩容!

二、安装准备

1.创建运行oracle数据库的系统用户和用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle

passwd oracle #不用管提示,连续输入两次密码就可成功

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

2.创建oracle数据库安装目录,并将目录赋权给oracle用户

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/database #oracle安装包解压的文件
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/orainventory #
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 #oracle安装目录
chown -r oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle #更改oracle目录的属主
chmod 755 -r /opt/oracle #更改oracle目录的权限

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

3.安装oracle数据库依赖的软件包

3.1.安装

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gcc gcc-c++ libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-devel pdksh numactl-devel glibc-headers

3.2.查看是否安装成功

rpm -q \binutils \compat-libstdc++-33 \elfutils-libelf \elfutils-libelf-devel \expat \gcc \gcc-c++ \glibc \glibc-common \glibc-devel \glibc-headers \libaio \libaio-devel \libgcc \libstdc++ \libstdc++-devel \make \pdksh \sysstat \unixodbc \unixodbc-devel | grep "not installed"

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

4.关闭selinux,需要重启生效(可以在最后安装oracle之前再重启) vim /etc/selinux/config

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

5.修改内核参数 vim /etc/sysctl.conf

添加如下内容:

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max= 4194304

net.core.wmem_default= 262144

net.core.wmem_max= 1048576

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

sysctl  -p #使配置生效

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

6.对oracle用户设置限制,提高系统运行性能

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

添加如下内容:

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

7.配置用户环境变量

vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile

添加如下内容:

export oracle_base=/opt/oracle

export oracle_home=$oracle_base/product/12.2.0/db_1

export oracle_sid=orcl

export oracle_term=xterm

export path=$oracle_home/bin:/usr/sbin:$path

export ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export lang=c

export nls_lang=american_america.zhs16gbk

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile #使配置失效

8.解压oracle安装文件的压缩包,在/opt/oracle/目录下解压

unzip 文件名(unzip不存在,可用命令进行安装: yum install unzip)加压较慢,需要等会

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

9.配置应答文件

vim /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

10.配置orainventory目录位置

存放oracle软件安装的目录信息,oracle的安装和升级都需要用到这个目录(最好放在oracle_base对应的目录下边)

vim /etc/orainst.loc

添加或修改成如下内容:

inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/product/orainventory

inst_group=oinstall

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

11.重启centos,reboot

12.关闭防火墙,systemctl stop firewalld

三、静默安装oracle12

1.已oracle用户登陆linux系统

2.静默安装

/opt/oracle/database/runinstaller -silent -force -ignoreprereq -responsefile /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

执行过程需要等待几分钟。

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

可监控日志:

tail -f
/opt/oracle/product/orainventory/logs/installactions2018-11-22_11-04-03am.log

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

3.切换root用户登陆

4.执行两个sh文件

4.1. sh /opt/oracle/product/orainventory/orainstroot.sh

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

如果目录下没有改脚本,可以新建一个,脚本内容为:

# cat /oracle/orainventory/orainstroot.sh

#!/bin/sh

awk=/bin/awk

chmod=/bin/chmod

chgrp=/bin/chgrp

cp=/bin/cp

echo=/bin/echo

mkdir=/bin/mkdir

ruid=`/usr/bin/id|$awk -f ′ print$2 ′ |$awk−f ′print$2′|$awk−f '{print $2}'|$awk -f '{print $1}'`

if [ ${ruid} != "root" ];then

  $echo "this script must be executed as root"

  exit 1

fi

if [ -d "/etc" ]; then

$chmod 755 /etc;

else

$mkdir -p /etc;

fi

if [ -f "/oracle/orainventory/orainst.loc" ]; then

$cp /oracle/orainventory/orainst.loc /etc/orainst.loc;

$chmod 644 /etc/orainst.loc

else

invptr=/etc/orainst.loc

invloc=/oracle/orainventory

grp=oinstall

ptrdir="`dirname $invptr`";

# create the software inventory location pointer file

if [ ! -d "$ptrdir" ]; then

 $mkdir -p $ptrdir;

fi

$echo "creating the oracle inventory pointer file ($invptr)";

$echo  inventory_loc=$invloc > $invptr

$echo  inst_group=$grp >> $invptr

chmod 644 $invptr

# create the inventory directory if it doesn't exist

if [ ! -d "$invloc" ];then

 $echo "creating the oracle inventory directory ($invloc)";

 $mkdir -p $invloc;

fi

fi

$echo "changing permissions of /oracle/orainventory.

adding read,write permissions for group.

removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

";

$chmod -r g+rw,o-rwx /oracle/orainventory;

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

 $echo "oui-35086:warning: chmod of /oracle/orainventory

adding read,write permissions for group.

,removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

 failed!";

fi

$echo "changing groupname of /oracle/orainventory to oinstall.";

$chgrp -r oinstall /oracle/orainventory;

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

 $echo "oui-10057:warning: chgrp of /oracle/orainventory to oinstall failed!";

fi

$echo "the execution of the script is complete."

4.2. sh /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

5.切换oracle用户登陆

6.安装监听

$oracle_home/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /opt/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

7.启动监听程序

lsnrctl start

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

8.查看监听状态

lsnrctl status

VMware下CentOS静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程

9.通过dbca创建数据库

/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/dbca -silent -createdatabase -templatename general_purpose.dbc -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responsefile no_value -characterset zhs16gbk -memorypercentage 30 -emconfiguration local

(删除:dbca -silent -deletedatabase -sourcedb orcl -sid orcl)

10.启动实例(创建完,一般会自动启动)

sqlplus / as sysdba
sql> startup
sql> select instance_name,version from v$instance;

查看数据库文件dbf

sql> select name from v$datafile;

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的vmware下centos静默安装oracle12.2详细图文教程,希望对大家有所帮助