Spring 的 ApplicationEvent and ApplicationListener
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2023-12-25 09:00:03
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什么是ApplicationContext?
它是Spring的核心,Context我们通常解释为上下文环境,但是理解成容器会更好些。
ApplicationContext则是应用的容器。
Spring把Bean(object)放在容器中,需要用就通过get方法取出来。
ApplicationEvent
是个抽象类,里面只有一个构造函数和一个长整型的timestamp。
ApplicationListener
是一个接口,里面只有一个onApplicationEvent方法。
所以自己的类在实现该接口的时候,要实装该方法。
如果在上下文中部署一个实现了ApplicationListener接口的bean,
那么每当在一个ApplicationEvent发布到 ApplicationContext时,
这个bean得到通知。其实这就是标准的Observer设计模式。
首先创建一个Event事件类:
- 1. public class EmailListEvent extends ApplicationEvent {
- 2.
- 3. private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- 4. public String address;
- 5. public String text;
- 6.
- 7. public EmailListEvent(Object source) {
- 8. super(source);
- 9. }
- 10.
- 11. public EmailListEvent(Object source, String address, String text) {
- 12. super(source);
- 13. this.address = address;
- 14. this.text = text;
- 15. }
- 16.
- 17. public void print() {
- 18. System.out.println("Hello,Spring Event!!!");
- 19. }
- 20. }
其次创建一个ApplicationListener类:
- 1. public class EmailNotifier implements ApplicationListener {
- 2.
- 3. public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent evt) {
- 4. if (evt instanceof EmailListEvent) {
- 5. EmailListEvent emailEvent = (EmailListEvent) evt;
- 6. emailEvent.print();
- 7. System.out.println("the source is:" + emailEvent.getSource());
- 8. System.out.println("the address is:" + emailEvent.address);
- 9. System.out.println("the mail's context is :" + emailEvent.text);
- 10. }
- 11.
- 12. }
- 13. }
接着将Listener注册到Spring的xml文件中:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
- <bean id="emailListListener" class="spring.event.EmailNotifier"></bean>
- </beans>
最后创建Demo类:
- 1. public class ListenerEventDemo {
- 2.
- 3. /**
- 4. * @param args
- 5. */
- 6. public static void main(String[] args) {
- 7. ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
- 8. "SpringEvent.xml");
- 9. EmailListEvent emailListEvent = new EmailListEvent("hello",
- 10. "helloSpring@sina.com", "this is a test eamil content");
- 11. //在ApplicationContext中发布一个 ApplicationEvent
- 12. context.publishEvent(emailListEvent);
- 13. }
- 14.
- 15. }
测试结果:
- # Hello,Spring Event!!!
- # the source is:hello
- # the address is:helloSpring@sina.com
- # the mail's context is :this is a test eamil content